R O Z 
24. 48. N. long. 87. E .—Roy being synonymous with 
rcyah, there are many other places of this name. 
ROYSE, a mountain of the United States, in New 
Hampshire; 10 miles east of the White Mountains. 
ROYSTON, a market town of England, in the county of 
Hertford, and partly also in that of Cambridge. It is situa¬ 
ted at the bottom of a hill among chalk downs, and has of 
late increased in population, from the fixing through it the 
great post road, which formerly ran through Barkway to 
Biggleswade. The name of the town is derived from a cross 
erected in the beginning of the twelfth century, by a lady 
Roise and thence called Roise’s cross. A monastery or priory 
was afterwards built near it, for Austin canons, and endowed 
with considerable revenues ; dwelling houses were gradually 
erected near the monastery: and the name of the place was 
changed to Royse’s Town, or Royston. The canons of 
the priory received many grants and privileges from successive 
monarchs: and the town increased in trade and population. 
The greater part of the houses were destroyed by fire, in the 
jeign of Henry IV.; but the convenient situation of the 
place for a corn market, contributed to its speedy restoration, 
and in the time of Henry VI., according to Hollingshed, 
wheat was so plentiful here, as to be sold at twelve pence the 
quarter. Camden mentions Royston as being famous for the 
resort of Malsters, and other dealers in grain, and for tfie vast 
quantity of corn to be seen every market day, in the town 
and adjacent roads. It is noted for its corn trade. The pri¬ 
ory was dissolved in the reign of Henry VIII. ; the town was 
erected into a distinct parish, and the church was made paro¬ 
chial. The church is the principal remains of the priory 
buildings: it consists of a nave, chancel and aisles, with a low 
tower. Besides the priory, there were two other religious 
foundations in the town. King James I. built a mansion 
here for hunting quarters. It is still, called the king’s house, 
but is fallen to decay. In a cave under the market-place, is 
an ancient subterraneous chapel, discovered a few years ago ; 
and suppossed to be of Saxon origin. It had been dug out of 
the chalky rock, and the entrance was from the top, by a cir¬ 
cular opening, descending from the street, with holes in the 
chalk for the feet. This opening had been closed by a 
mill stone, which was accidentally discovered in 1742. 
The Roman Ichnield Way passed by this town. Royston 
has given its name to a species of crow, called the hooded or 
grey crow, a bird of passage bred in Sweden, and which 
visits Royston, and the whole eastern coast, in the winter, 
and returns in the spring. The head, neck, and wings, are 
black, and the breast, belly, and back, pale ash colour. 
Market on Wednesday, and five annual fairs. Population 
of the parish, 1309 inhabitants, and 284 houses; 22 miles 
south-by-east of Huntingdon, and 37 north of London. 
Lat. 52. 4. N. long. 0. ]. W. 
ROYSTONE, a parish of England, West Riding of 
Yorkshire. It has a large well-built church, with a roof of 
curiously carved work, said to have been brought from the 
priory of Monk Breton; also an excellent free grammar-school, 
well endowed with houses and lands. Population 2559; 4 
miles north-north-east of Barnesley. 
ROYTELET, s. [French.] A little or petty king.— 
Causing the American roytelets ro turn all homages to that 
king and the crown of England. Heylin. 
ROYTISH, adj. Wild ; irregular. This word is retain¬ 
ed in the northern rowty , over-rank, spoken of corn or grass. 
Johnson. 
No weed presum’d to show its roytish face 
In this inclosure; nettles, thistles, brakes. 
Thorns, briars, cockle, hemlock, rampant grasse. 
With all those herbs the meager wizard rakes 
Into his deadly boxes, either yet 
Were not at all, or far from Eden set. Beaumont. 
ROYTON, a township of England, in Lancashire; 4| 
miles south-by-east of Rochdale. Population 3910. 
ROYVELOS, a small town in the central part of Portugal, 
in the province of Beira, on the Tagus. 
ROZDIALOWITZ, a small town on the north-east of 
R U A 419 
Bohemia; 47 miles east-north-east of Prague. Population 
800. 
ROZDOL, a small town of Austrian Galicia; 8 miles 
west-by-north'.of Zaleszczyke. 
ROZNOW, a market-town of the Austrian states, in 
Moravia ; 35 miles east of Olmutz. Population 2300. 
ROZWADOU, a small town of Austrian Poland, on the 
San ; 13 miles south-east of Sendomir. 
RSHEV-VOLODIMIROV, a considerable town of the 
central part of European Russia, in the government of Tver, 
situated Qn both sides of the Wolga, which is navigable here, 
though not many miles from its source. Its situation is plea¬ 
sant, the town occupying several eminences, and being sur¬ 
rounded by plains. It has 7400 inhabitants, without reck¬ 
oning the workmen or labourers who settle here annually 
in spring, and are employed during summer. It contains 
twelve churches, most of them small, two schools, and an 
hospital. It carries on a trade in corn and hemp, with St. 
Petersburgh and Riga; 144 miles west-north-west of Moscow, 
and 278 south-south-east of St. Petersburgh. 
RUABON, a village of North Wales, in the county of 
Denbigh, situated on a hill, where the roads from Oswestry 
and Llangollen, to Wrexham, coalesce. It is a neat and 
pleasant village, and contains a good inn for travellers. 
The church is a handsome building, and is well deserving 
the attention of travellers, from the elegant monuments, 
chiefly of the Wynne family, which it contains. It is to 
this family that the village owes its origin; and in the im¬ 
mediate neighbourhood is Wynnstay park and house, the 
elegant seat of the present Sir Watkin Williams Wynne, who 
holds annually in September, an agricultural meeting, auxili¬ 
ary to the agricultural society at Wrexham, and which is 
frequented by a great number of practical farmers. At Ru- 
abon the petty sessions for the division are held. Population 
1137 ; 5 miles from Wrexham. 
RUAD. See Ronad. 
RUAIL, a rivfer of Scotland, in Argyleshire, which dis¬ 
charges its waters into Loch Long. 
RUAN, Great and Little, two adjoining parishes of 
England, in Cornwall, near the Lizard point. 
RUAN, Langhorne, a parish of England, in Cornwall, 
near Tregony. 
RUANELLI, a celebrated valley in the island of Ceylon, 
situated between the 7th and 8th degrees of northern latitude. 
In this valley there are found a number of small precious 
stones, of various colours. In general they are very small, 
and only fit for setting in clusters, or in hoop rings; but a 
few have been obtained of considerable value. They are 
mostly found in or near the beds of rivers, and consist of 
sapphires, topazes, garnets, amethysts, moon-stone, tourma¬ 
lines, and catseyes; also jet crystal, and a peculiar species of 
stone called the cinnamon stone. The land where these 
articles are found, is let out on short leases to the highest 
bidder; and although they are exempted from duties, pro¬ 
duces, after all, but a trifling revenue. It is a circumstance 
perhaps worthy of remark, that although Ceylon produces 
precious stones, pearls, and spices, with a variety of hand¬ 
some woods, it cannot support the expenses of its govern¬ 
ment, and that is consequently a burden to Great Britain. 
RUARDEAN, a parish of England, in Gloucestershire; 
6] miles north-west of Newnham. Population 735. 
RUARDNAMURCIIAN, a promontory of Scotland, in 
Argyleshire, the most western point of the Mainland of Scot¬ 
land. Lat. 56. 58. N, long. 3. 26. W. from the meridian 
of Edinburgh. 
RUATAN, an island in the bay of Honduras, 30 miles 
long, and 9 wide; naturally fortified by rocks and shoals, 
which defended the fort that was erected on it, and also 
by the narrowness of the port, into which only one vessel 
could enter at a time. Notwithstanding this, it was capable 
of containing 500 vessels in perfect safety. From • the sea, 
this island appears singularly rich and beautiful. It is en¬ 
tirely covered with trees, of which the cocoa nut is the 
most common. Oaks, pines, and many others of various 
descriptions, are also abundant on it. Ruatan is consider- 
