RUG 
435 
RUG 
To be rough; to jar ; to be in contention. Out of use. 
A valiant son-in-law thou shalt enjoy ; 
One fit to bandy with thy lawless sons, 
To ruffle in the commonwealth of Rome. Titus Andron. 
RU'FFLE, s. Plaited linen used as an ornament.—The 
tucker is a slip of fine linen, run in a small ruffle round the 
uppermost verge of the women’s stays. Addison.— 
turbance; contention ; tumult. 
A blusterer, that the ruffe knew 
Of court, of city. Shakspeare. 
A kind of flourish upon a drum: a military token of 
respect. 
RU'FFLER, s. A swaggerer; a bully ; a boisterous 
fellow. Obsolete. 
RU'FFLING, s. Commotion.; disturbance. Obsolete. 
RUFFORD, a parish of England, in Nottinghamshire, 
south-west of Ollerton. 
RUFFORD, or Rufforth, a parish of England, in 
Yorkshire, between Wetherby and York, and 5j miles 
west-by-south of the former. 
RUFFORD, a parish of England, in Lancashire ; 5} 
miles north-north-east of Ormskirk. Population 998. 
RUFIA, or Rafeo, the Alpheus of the ancients, a well 
known river of Greece, in the Morea. After a longer course 
than any other river in that peninsula, it falls into the gulf 
of Arcadia, opposite to the island of Zante. 
RUFINUS. See Rome, p. 305. 
RUF1SCO, a sea-port of Kayor, in Western Africa, to the 
north of the Gambia. It contains about 300 houses, and the 
inhabitants carry on a considerable trade with Europeans, 
in slaves, skins, gums, ivory, ostrich feathers, cotton, indigo. 
See. ; 60 miles west-north-west of Amboule. 
RUTTERHOOD, s. In Falconry, a hood to be worn by 
a hawk when she is first drawn. Hailey. 
RUFUS, the Ephesian, an eminent physician of antiquity, 
is said by Suidas to have lived in the time of -Trajan, but 
Haller remarks that this must be a mistake, since he is quoted 
by Andromachus the physician of Nero. He appears to 
have been distinguished in all the branches of medicine, and 
he was the author of numerous works in the Greek language, 
most of which have perished. His principal remain is a 
treatise in three books addressed to his son. It is written in a 
clear and simple style, and consists of short anatomical des¬ 
criptions and remarks annexed to the names of parts, affording 
information respecting the state of anatomical knowledge at 
that period. There is also extant of his a “ Treatise of the 
Diseases of the Kidneys and Bladder;” and a “Fragment 
concerning purgative Medicines." 1724. Hallcri Bibl. 
An at. Botan. atque Med. 
RUFUS (Sextus), a person of consular dignity, who lived 
in the fourth century, wrote an epitome of Roman history, 
entitled “ De consulariet imperiali Dignitate atque Accessione 
Romani imperii,” which he dedicated to Valentinian II. 
about A. D. 390. This work was extant in a very corrupt 
state, when Cuspinian gave a corrected edition of it by the 
collation of various MSS., and illustrated it with notes. The 
best edition is that of Cellarius, JJrt/o’, 1698. Volaterranus 
says that the name of this author was Festus Rufus. There 
is a work, “ De Regionibus Urbis Romae,” annexed to that 
of Publ. Victor on the same subject, which is attributed to a 
Sextus Rufus who lived in the time of Diocletian, and who 
therefore must have been a different person from the preced¬ 
ing. Vossii Hist. Lat. 
RUG, [Sax. pooc, the covering of a horse, or Gotb. 
rock, a gown, from rauh, rough, hairy, as the skins of 
beasts.] A coarse, nappy, woollen cloth.—January must 
be expressed with a horrid and fearful aspect, clad in Irish 
rug or coarse frieze. Peacham. —The vuugus resembleth 
a goat, but greater and more profitable ; of the fleece whereof 
they make rugs, coverings, and stuffs. Heylin. —A coarse 
nappy coverlet used for mean beds. 
A rug was o’er his shoulders thrown; 
A,rug; for night gown he had -none. Swift. 
A rough woolly dog. Not used. 
Mungrels, spaniels, curs, 
Shoughes, water rugs, and demy wolves are cleped 
All by the name of dogs. Shakspeare . 
RUGBY, a market town of England, in the county of 
Warwick, situated on the south side of the river Avon. Its 
name was anciently written Rocheberie, and is supposed to 
be derived from Roche, a rock or quarry, and Berie, a court 
or dwelling of note. It is seated on a healthy and pleasant 
eminence, which commands an extensive view over the ad¬ 
jacent country. The streets are clean, and have a cheerful 
appearance, but they are irregular and badly paved. The 
houses in general are constructed of wood. The most im¬ 
portant establishment in the town, and that which gives it its 
greatest consequence, is the grammar school, now called the 
college. This was founded in the 9th year of the reign of 
Elizabeth, by Laurence Sheriff) Esq.; and the property with 
which it was endowed, originally trifling, has increased so 
much by judicious management, as now to yield £2000 per 
annum, with the prospect of a considerable iucrease.at the 
expiring of the leases. This fund is under the direction 
of twelve trustees, who are appointed from the nobility and 
principal gentry of the county, and hold regular meetings for 
the transaction of business. An annual examination of the 
pupils takes place in August. The number of scholars at 
present amounts to 330, forty of whom are in the foundation. 
Fourteen exhibitioners are sent from this school to the uni¬ 
versities, each of whom is allowed £40 a-year. A new 
handsome and commodius school-house has been erected 
since the year 1808 ; it is built in the style which prevailed 
in the reign of Elizabeth. It is formed of white brick ; the. 
angles, cornices, and dressings to the windows and en¬ 
trances, being of stone. The whole is admirably adapted 
for its intended purpose : about sixty boys are accommodated 
within the building; and the rest lodge with the assistant 
master, or at boarding houses in the town. There is also 
in the town a charity school, founded and endowed for the 
education of thirty boys, by Richard Elborough, Esq. The 
church of Rugby contains nothing worthy of particular no-’ 
tice. The church-yard contains various eccentric inscrip¬ 
tions. Rugby has no manufacture of any importance, but 
it has acquired some business in the supply of the adjacent 
country since the formation of the Oxford canal, which 
passes about a mile north of the town, and connects it with 
the principal inland navigation in the kingdom. Adjacent 
to Rugby, on the north-eastern side, is an eminence called 
Castle Mount, from its having been formerly the site of a 
castle, supposed by Dugdale to have been erected in the reign 
of king Stephen. Parts of the moat, and some embankments, 
are still visible. Market on Saturday. Population of the 
parish, 1805 inhabitants, of whom nearly 1000 reside in the 
town ; and 335 houses ; 19 miles east-north-east of War¬ 
wick, and 85 north-west of London. Lat. 52. 23. N. long. 
1.15. W. 
RUGEN, an island in the Baltic, opposite to Stralsund, 
on the coast of Pomerania, from which it is separated by a 
narrow channel, about a mile in breadth. It is about 30 
miles in length, and from 15 to 35 in breadth; its area is 
about 360 square miles; its population 28,000. The sea 
indents it in every direction, so that it has the appearance of 
a number of peninsulas joined together by a comparatively 
narrow space in the middle. Of these divisions, the largest- 
are two tracks, one called Jasmund, joined to the continent 
by a small and steep ridge of rocks, and Wittow, which is 
joined to the north of Jasmund by low sand hills. The 
coast of Rugen is everywhere much more steep and elevated 
than on the opposite shore of Pomerania: it consists in many 
parts of chalk cliffs, which contain a number of petrified 
shells, and other marine substances. The island abounds in 
beautiful scenery, and contains many plantations and gardens. 
A considerable part is under tillage, and com, as well as 
cattle, are exported. There is unfortunately no wellsheltered 
harbour, and the sand-banks on the coast cause frequent 
shipwrecks. The language of the inhabitants is German, 
with 
