SAB 
511 
Peaceful sleep out the sabbath of the tomb. 
And wake to ruptures in a life to come. Pope. 
SA'BB ATHBREAKER, s. Violator of the Sabbath.— 
The usurer is the greatest sabbathbreaker, because his 
plough goeth every Sunday. Bacon. 
SA'BBATHLESS, adj. Without intermission of labour; 
without interval of rest.—Although men should refrain 
themselves from injury and evil acts, yet this incessant and 
Sabbathless pursuit of a man’s fortune leaveth not tribute, 
which we owe to God, of our time. Bacon. 
SABBATIANS, Sabbatiani, a sect thus called from Sab- 
batius, their leader, who lived under Dioclesian. 
The Sabbatians are recorded by ecclesiastical historians, 
as having a great abhorrence of the left-hand; so as to 
make it a point of religion not to receive any thing with it. 
This custom, which is now become a piece of manners 
among us, was then esteemed so singular, that the Sabbatians 
were thence denominated agia-regoi, or left-hand men. 
SABBA'TIC, or Sabba'tical, adj. [sabbatius, Lat. 
sabbatique, Fr.] Resembling the Sabbath; enjoying or 
bringing intermission of labour.—In accounting the 
sabbatical years, this rule is to be observed, that the same 
year which endeth one jubilee, beginneth the next. Gregory. 
—'The appointment and observance of the sabbatical year, 
and after the seventh sabbatical year, a year of jubilee is a 
circumstance of great moment. Forbes .—Belonging to the 
Sabbath. 
SABBATINI (Andrea), known likewise by the name of 
Andrea da Salerno, is the first artist of the Neapolitan school 
that deserves notice. Enamoured of the style of Pietro 
Perugino, who had painted an Assumption of the Virgin 
in the dome of Naples, he set out for Perugia to become his 
pupil; but hearing, at an inn on the road, some painters 
extol the works of Raffaello in the Vatican, he altered his 
mind, went to Rome, and entered that master’s school. His 
stay there was short; for the death of his father obliged him 
to return home, against his will, in 1513. He returned, 
however, a new man. It is said that he painted with 
Raffaello at the Pace, and in the Vatican, and that he 
copied his pictures well: he certainly emulated his manner 
with success. Compared with his fellow-scholars, if he 
falls short of Giulio Romano, he soars above Raffaello del 
Colie, and the rest of that sphere. He had a correctness and 
selection of attitude and features, depth of shade, perhaps 
too much sharpness in the marking of the muscles, a broad 
style in the folding of his draperies, and a colour which even 
now maintains its freshness. Of his numerous works at 
Naples, mentioned in the catalogue of his pictures, the altar- 
pieces at S. Maria dell Grazzei deserve perhaps preference; 
for his frescoes there and elsewhere, extolled by the writers 
as miracles of art, are now, for the greater part, destroyed. 
He painted likewise at Salerno, Gaeta, and other places of 
the kingdom, for churches and private collections, where 
his Madonnas often rival those of Raffaello. He died about 
1545, aged 65. Fuseli's Pi/kington. 
SABBATINI (Lorenzo), called Lorenzin di Bologna, was 
one of the most genteel and most delicate painters of his age. 
He has often been mistaken for a scholar of Raffaello, froin 
the resemblance of his Holy Families in style of design and 
colour to those of that master, though the colour be always 
weaker. He likewise painted Madonnas and angels in 
cabinet pictures, which resemble those of Parmigiano. Nor 
are his altar-pieces different; the most celebrated is that of St. 
Michele, at St. Giacomo, engraved by Agostino Caracci, 
and recommended to his school as a model of graceful ele¬ 
gance. He excelled in fresco: correct in design, copious 
in invention, equal to every subject, and yet, what sur¬ 
prises, rapid. Such were the talents that procured him not 
only employment in many patrician families of his own pro¬ 
vince, but a call to Rome, under the pontificate of Gre¬ 
gorio XIII., whom, according to Baglioni, he pleased much 
in his naked figures, a branch he had not much cultivated 
in Bologna. The stories of St. Paolo in the Capella Paolina, 
Faith triumphant over Infidelity in the Sala Regia, and 
SAB 
various other subjects in the gallery and loggia of the 
Vatican, are the works of Sabbatini, always done in com¬ 
petition with the best masters, and always with applause: 
hence, among the great concourse of masters, who at that 
time thronged for precedence in Rome, he was selected to 
superintend the different departments of the Vatican, in 
which office he died in the vigour of life, 1577. Fuseli's 
Pilkington. 
SABBATINI, Galleazzo, an eminent Italian composer, 
born at Pesaro, who published, in 1644, “ Regole facile e 
breve per Suonare sopra il Basso continuo nelP Organo.” 
This seems to have been the second tract, after Viadana’s, 
that appeared on the subject of thorough-base. The author 
is much praised for his science by Kircher in his “ Mu- 
surgia,” and by Walther in his Musical Dictionary. But 
the book is very inadequate to the present wants of musical 
students, treating of nothing but common chords, which 
are invariably given to every sound of the scale. 
SA'BBATISM, s. [from sabbatum, Lat.] “ Observ¬ 
ance of the sabbath superstitiously rigid.” Johnson .— 
Periodical rest.—This is that sabbatism, or rest, that the 
author to the Hebrews exhorts them to strive to enter into, 
through faith and obedience. More. 
SABBEA, a town of Yemen, in Arabia, situated in the 
mountainous district of Khaulan; 8 miles north-east of Abu 
Arish. 
SABBER, a mountain of Yemen, in Arabia, nearTaas. 
SABBIA, a town of Arabia, in the mountainous district of 
Yemen. 
SABDARIFFA, the South American name of a species 
of Hibiscus (see that article), retained by Linnaeus as 
a specific appellation. 
SABEIA, a small island in the Red Sea. Lat 18. 22. N. 
SABELLA, a genus of the class vermes, order testacea. 
The generic character is as follows: the animal is a nereis, 
with a ringent mouth, and two thick tentacles behind the 
head; the shell is tubular, composed of particles of sand, 
broken shells, and vegetable substances, united to a mem¬ 
brane by a glutinous cement. There are twenty-five 
species: 
1. Sabella scruposa. The shell of this species is solitary, 
loose, simple, curved, with lentiform glossy granulations. It 
is found in divers parts of India, and in the American islands. 
The shell is subulate, obtuse at the tip, as thick as a swan’s 
quill, and composed of equal white grains of sand. 
2. Sabella scabra. The shell of this also is solitary, fixed 
by the base, simple, curved, with radiate-rough granulations. 
It is found in America. 
3. Sabella alveolata. This is composed of numerous parallel 
tubes communicating by an aperture, forming, in the mass, 
an appearance of honey-comb. It is found on the coasts of 
our own country, and of other parts of Europe, covering 
rocks for a considerable space, and easily breaking under 
the feet. The shell is composed chiefly of sand, and very 
fine fragments of shells, and is from two to three inches long. 
4. Sabella chrysodon. The shell of this species is solitary, 
subcylindrical, papyraceous, chiefly composed of fragments 
of shells. It is described by Pennant as the Sabella rudis. 
It inhabits the European and Indian seas; is from two to 
six inches long, and about as thick as a quill. The shell is 
pointed, dirty yellow, flexile while it is wet. 
5. Sabella belgica. Shell straight, conic, composed of mi¬ 
nute particles of sand. This is the sabella tubiformis of Pen¬ 
nant : it is from two to three inches long, and is found on 
many European coasts. 
6 . Sabella rectangula. The shell of this is brown, with 
alternate white and black rings, straight, with a rectangular 
gibbous extremity. It is full nine inches long, not half an 
inch in diameter. 
7. Sabella Capensis. Shell cylindrical, conic, open at both 
ends, membranaceous, rough with interrupted transverse 
striae. It inhabits the promontory of the Cape of Good 
Hope. 
8 . Sabella Nigra. The shell of this is cylindrical, black, 
smoothish on the outside, composed of very minute particles 
of 
