SAD 
• The use of saddles, says Mr, Chambers, in his “ Cyclo¬ 
paedia,” was first established in England, by a law of 
Henry VII., by which the nobility were obliged to ride 
on saddles. But this assertion, as Mr. Berenger (Hist, and 
Art of Horsemanship, vol. i. p. 174.) observes, is not coun¬ 
tenanced by any act of parliament, or proclamation. It is 
much later that the Irish have taken to it. 
When king Richard II. went to Ireland in the year 
1399, to chastise Mac-Morough for assuming the title of 
king of Ireland, and other crimes, Mac-Morough is said to 
have descended, between two woods, from a mountain, 
mounted upon a horse without a saddle, which, it is re¬ 
ported, cost him 400 cows; the method of bartering one 
commodity for another being then practised in that country. 
This horse is said to have ran as swift as any stag. Per¬ 
haps, says Berenger, the custom once in this kingdom of 
making horses draw by their tails may be ascribed to the 
same cause as that of riding without saddles-—the ignorance 
of the age in the art of making saddles and harness. 
According to Mr. John Lawrence, the English saddle 
has been highly improved within the last twenty or thirty 
years; not only in respect to symmetry, fitness, and beauty, 
but of ease both to the rider and the horse. But nothing has 
contributed so much in the modern saddle to the ease and 
convenience of the rider, as the forward projection of the 
pads, where the knees rest, and the situation of the skirts, 
or flaps, above and below the knee. It is true, the knees 
are apt to be galled in a long journey by the stirrup leathers, 
which are now placed without the long flap; but they may 
occasionally be drawn beneath it. The saddle is secured by 
two girths only, and those placed exactly one over the other, 
appearing as if single. All sorts of saddles have lately under¬ 
gone much improvement, but particularly those of the mili¬ 
tary kind. 
To SA'DDLE, v. a. [Sax. pablian.] To cover with a 
saddle.—I will saddle me an ass, that I may ride thereon. 
2 Sam. 
Rebels, by yielding, do like him, or worse, 
Who saddled his own back to shame his horse. 
Cleaveland. 
■ To load ; to burthen. 
Resolv’d for sea, the slaves thy baggage pack, 
Each saddled with his burden on his back ; 
Nothing retards thy voyage. Dryden. 
SADDLE BACK, a mountain of England, in Cumberland 
on the east side ofthe vale of Lerton, 2787 feet above the level 
of the sea 
SADDLEBACK, a mountain of the United States in 
Williamstown and Adams, Massachusetts. The peaks of this 
mountain are in Adams; the northern one being about 
24,000 feet above the valley, and the southern, or summit of 
the Saddle, about 3000 feet, above the valley, and nearly 
4000 above the sea. It is the highest land in Massachusetts. 
SADDLEBACK, an island of Hudson’s straits. Lat. 62. 
N. Long. 68. 5. W. 
SA'DDLEBACKED, adj. Horses, saddle!)ached, have 
their backs low, and a raised head and neck. Farrier's 
Did. 
• SA'DDLEBQW, s. [pabel-bota, Sax ] The bows of a 
saddle are two pieces of wood laid arch-wise, to receive the 
upper part of a horse’s back. 
Alight thy steed. 
And rein his proud head to the saddle-bow. Shalcspeare. 
SADDLEHEAD, the north-west point of the island of 
Achil near the west coast of Ireland, in the county of Mayo. 
Lat. 54. N. long. 10. 1. W. 
SADDLEHILL, a promontory on the west coast of North 
America. Lat. 46.25. N. long. 124. W. 
SADDLE ISLAND, a small island in the Eastern seas, 
near the island of Paraguay. Lat. 11. 15. N. long. 119. 
28. E. 
SADDLE ISLAND, a small island in the Eastern seas, 
SAD 531 
near the west coast of Sumatra. Lat. 5. N. long. 97. 
27. E. 
SADDLE RIVER, a township of the United States, in 
Bergen county. New Jersey. Population 2174. 
SADDLE-fOR, a hill of England, in Devonshire, near 
the hills between Chegford and Ashburton. 
SA'DDLEMAKER, or Sa'ddler, s. One whose trade 
is to make saddles. 
Sixpence that I had 
To pay the saddler for my mistress’ crupper,' 
The saddler had it. Shalcspeare. 
SADDLEWORTH, a district of England, West Riding 
of Yorkshire, on the borders of Lancashire and Cheshire. 
SADDLEWORTH, a village of England, in the West 
Riding of Yorkshire, which gives name to a valley at the 
south-western extremity of the county, about seven miles 
long, and five across the broadest part. Its chapel having 
formerly belonged to Whalley abbey, was annexed to Roch¬ 
dale. Though naturally wild, bleak, and uncultivated, a 
vast number of inhabitants are supported here by manufac¬ 
turing industry. Very fine broad cloths are made here, and 
the cotton trade is also carried on to a considerable extent. 
Great advantage is derived from the Huddersfield canal, 
which passes through Saddleworth, and penetrates by a 
tunnel upwards of three miles in length, through the moun¬ 
tains of Pule, Moss, and Brunn Top. 
SA'DDUCEE, s. [from the Hebrew word sede.c, which 
signifies justice: or from a certain teacher among the Jews, 
called Sadoc. Bp. Percy.] One of the most ancient sects 
among the Jews : which sect, at the time of our Saviour, is 
reputed to have held doctrines that were thoroughly im¬ 
pious. For they are said to have denied the resurrection of 
the dead, the being of angels, and all existence of the spirits 
or souls of men departed. It was their opinion, that there is 
no spiritual being but God only; and that as to man, this 
world is his all. Bp. Percy .—The true, zealous, and hearty 
persecutors of Christianity at that time were the Sadducees , 
whom we may truly call the free-thinkers among the Jews. 
They believed neither resurrection, nor angel, nor spirit, i. e. 
in plain English, they were deists at least, if not atheists. 
Guardian. 
Some authors ascribe the origin of this sect to one Sadoc, 
or Sadduc, a disciple of Antigonus Sochaeus, a native of 
Socko, on the borders of Judea, president of the Sanhedrim, 
about 300 years before Christ, who frequently inculcated to 
his scholars, that God is to be served for his own sake, 
and not out of view to any reward from him in the next 
world, as slaves serve their masters merely for recompence. 
Sadoc, add they, putting a false interpretation on these words 
of his master, published, that there was no reward allotted 
to good actions doue in this world. 
The sect of the Sadducees long continued to flourish in 
Judea, and to possess great authority. Although they dif¬ 
fered in fundamental points of faith from the rest of the 
nation, they were admitted, as we have hinted already, to 
sacred privileges and offices, and even to the highest dignity 
of the priesthood. Notwithstanding the enmity which sub¬ 
sisted between them and the Pharisees, on account of the 
contempt with which they treated the traditionary law, these 
sects frequently united in public councils, and in defence of 
the common cause of religion, and in their malignant oppo¬ 
sition to our Saviour. Under the reign of Hyrcanus, who, 
about 130 years B. C., possessed the supreme, civil, and 
sacerdotal power in Judea, the Sadducees were the leading 
sect; for that prince, being opposed by the Pharisees in the 
execution of the office of high priest, treated them with great 
severity, and espoused the Sadducean party, requiring the 
whole nation, on pain of death, to profess the doctrine of 
this sect. After the death of Hyrcanus, the persecution of 
the Pharisees was for some time continued by his son, Alex¬ 
ander Jannseus; but Alexandra, the wife of Jannseus, who 
succeeded him in the government, finding that the Pharisaic 
sect was more popular than the Sadducean, espoused the 
interest 
