S A I 
S A I 
SAILING COVE, is on the south side of the island of 
Newfoundland, in the great hay wherein is situated the bay 
of Trepassi. It is 6 miles north of Cape Pine. 
SAILLANS, a small town in the south-west of France, 
in Dauphiny, department of the Drome, on the Riouset. 
Population 1500. It has manufactures of silk and cotton ; 
9 miles south-west of Die, and 7 east of Crest. 
SAI'LOR, s. A seaman; one who practices or understands 
navigation. 
Batter’d by his lee they lay; 
The passing winds through their torn canvass play, 
And flagging sails on heartless sailors fall. Dryden. 
SAI'LY, adj. Like a sail. 
The Muse her former course doth seriously pursue, 
From Penmen’s craggy height to try her saily wings. 
Drayton. 
SAI'LYARD, s. The pole on which the sail is extended. 
With glance so swift the subtle lightning past 
As split the saily ards. Dry den. 
SAIM, s. Lard. It still denotes this in the northern 
counties, and in Scotland : as, swine’s saint. Dr. Johnson. 
—It is nothing more than the broad pronunciation of the 
common word seam, [feme, Sax. saim, Welsh.] See Seam. 
SAIMA, a very large lake, or rather a succession of lakes, 
in European Russia, in the government of Finland, to the 
north of Wilmanstrand, said to be 250 miles in length. It 
is of very irregular form, and its breadth very various. It 
contains a great number of islands, but they consist chiefly 
of granite, and are in general uninhabited. The lake of 
Lapwesi is only a part of that of Saima. 
SAIN. Used for they say. Obsolete .—Itself mov’d, as 
wizards saine. Spenser .■—Said. Obsolete .—Some obscure 
precedence, that hath tofore been sain. Shakspeare. 
SAIN, a small island on the west coast of France, at the 
south point of the bay of Brest; 3 miles west of Quimper. 
SAINCTES (Claude de), a learned French prelate, was 
bom in the province of Perche, in the year 1525. At the 
age of 15, he was admitted a canon-regular, in the Abbey of 
St. Cheron, near Chartres, where his love of study recom¬ 
mended him to the patronage of the Cardinal de Lorrain, 
who placed him in the college of Navarre, at Paris. In this 
seminary he went through several courses of study with con¬ 
siderable applause, and very much distinguished himself as 
a disputant. Having entered into priest’s orders, and taken 
his degree of doctor of divinity, he was presented to the 
benefice of Belville-de-Comte, in the diocese of Chartres, and 
in 1561, he was made principal of the college of Boissy, at 
Paris. He was now, by the recommendation of his patron, 
employed by Queen Catharine de Medicis, as a champion 
for the Catholic cause, in the famous conference of Poissy. 
He acquitted himself so well on this occasion, that he was 
selected by King Charles IX. to be one of the twelve doctors 
who were sent to attend the council of Trent. The services 
which he rendered the Catholic cause against the Protestants, 
were considered as so very meritorious, that in 1575, King 
Henry III. made him bishop of Evreux. His zeal against 
the heretics was equalled by the fury with which he supported 
the interests of the league, whose forces he introduced into 
his episcopal city. Being afterwards taken prisoner by the 
troops of Henry IV., his papers were examined, and among 
them was found an argument to justify the assassination of 
Henry III., for which he was tried and capitally condemned; 
but the sentence of death was commuted to perpetual im¬ 
prisonment. He died in the castle of Crevecceur, in 1591, 
at about the age of 66 years. He was author of many works, 
but the most considerable was a treatise, written in the Latin 
language, “ On the Eucharistand an edition of a curious 
collection, entitled, “ Liturgiae sive Missse Sanctorum Patrum; 
Jacobi Apostoli, et fratis Domini, Basilii magni, Johannis 
Chrysostomi.” A list of all the works of this author may be 
found in Dupin. 
SAINFOIN, or SaPntfoin, s. [sainfoin, Fr. Bysome 
Voe. XXII. No. 1521. 
549 
explained holy or wholesome hay, saint foin; by others 
from the Lat. sanumfcenutn, sound hay.] A kind of herb. 
See Hedysarum onobrychis. 
SAINS, a large village in the north-east of France, de¬ 
partment of the Aisne, with 2100 inhabitants, and consider¬ 
able iron works; 7 miles west of Vervins. 
SAINT, a small river of Wales, in Caernarvonshire, 
which runs into the Menai strait, near Caernarvon. 
SAINT, s. [ sanctus, Lat.] A person eminent for piety 
and virtue. 
Then thus I cloath my naked villainy 
With old odd ends, stol’n forth of holy writ, 
And seem a saint, when I most play the devil. Shakspeare. 
One of the points in which the Roman Catholics and Pro¬ 
testants differ is, that the former address, invoke, and sup¬ 
plicate saints, &c. to intercede for them ; whereas the latter 
hold rt sufficient to propose their good examples for our imi¬ 
tation. 
Cardinal Bellarmine, and other popish writers, have 
pleaded, that by praying to the saints, they only intend to 
express a desire of their intercession, and that their invoca¬ 
tion of the saints terminates ultimately in God. Accord¬ 
ingly they have distinguished two sorts of worship, one 
called latria, appropriate to God, and another dulia, which 
being of an inferior nature, is paid to angels and saints. 
However, many of their own writers have exploded this dis¬ 
tinction, and others have owned that it is unscriptural. 
There is another sort of worship, which is of a higher 
degree than that paid to saints in common, and which is pe¬ 
culiar to the Virgin Mary : this they call liyperdulia. 
After all, those who read their books of devotion, their 
hours, their offices, their rosaries, their breviaries, and 
their missals, find many direct addresses to the saints, 
which are very different'from those prayers whose object is 
merely to supplicate their intercession. Beside, the council 
of Trent, sess. 25. directs to apply to the saints for their 
help and assistance, as well as their prayers; and condemns 
all who think that it is not good and profitable to offer 
prayers to saints, as chargeable with impious sentiments. 
And the creed of pope Pius IV. expressly insists upon it as 
an article of faith, that the saints, reigning together with 
Christ, are to be invocated. As to the antiquity of this 
practice, the council of Trent, sess. 25. speaks of it as the 
usage of the Apostolic and Catholic church from the begin¬ 
ning of Christianity. As to the doctrine of the interces¬ 
sion of saints and angels, there is not the least intimation of 
it in the writings of the two first centuries; though it must 
be allowed to have been introduced in the next century, and 
that Origen and Cyprian expressly favour this superstition. 
The worship of saints and angels is of a much later date; 
especially as a standing generally received doctrine of the 
church. For though Athanasius was for worshipping the 
saints, yet Cyril, who lived in the next century, says, we 
neither call the holy martyrs gods, nor are we used to wor¬ 
ship them. St. Austin affirms, that neither saints nor angels 
will be worshipped. Archbishop Usher says, that as to the 
first four hundred years after Christ, for nine parts of that 
time, not one true testimony can be produced out of any 
father in favour of this doctine; and cardinal Perron, Riche¬ 
lieu, and other learned writers among the Romanists, own 
that the invocation of saints was not practised for the three 
first centuries. The first symptoms of this worship did not 
appear till towards the end of the fourth century, and it 
seems to have sprung out of the regard which the Christians 
at that time manifested to the memory of the martyrs. 
They frequented their tombs, and erected altars there, 
praying to God, and engaging themselves to a strict imi¬ 
tation of the virtues and piety of the departed martyrs; 
by degress this veneration degenerated into praises and eulo- 
giums of the saints themselves, in which they used some apos¬ 
trophes and rhetorical addresses; whence proceeded a super¬ 
stitious regard to them, and at length, a direct invocation and 
worship of them. Nor does it appear, that any public prayers 
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