558- SAL 
Sal Rupellensis, now tartrate of potash; Sal Volatile, now 
carbonate of ammonia. 
Sal was also used by Pliny, to signify a defect or flaw, 
which took off very much from the value of the gem. Mar¬ 
tial having occasion to mention this sort of blemish in crys¬ 
tal, calls it nitrum instead of sal. 
“ Et turbata levi questus crystallina nitro.” 
The critics have sometimes changed this word nitro, to 
vitro, and others have made the confusion yet greater, by 
supposing that the poet did not mean rock crystal, but crys¬ 
talline glass; but these are all errors. It is plain, by what 
Pliny and others have said on the same subject, that the 
author means here the same that others do by the word Sal. 
This was a dusky and dusty foulness, seemingly composed 
of a quantity of saline particles, shooting into their forms 
within the body of. the crystal. The gems in general were 
subject to this blemish; and we find, in particular, that the 
emerald was frequently debased by it. 
It is found at this time, indeed, that the crystal is, much 
inore subject to it than any of the gems; but as the Romans 
called all the green crystals found in the copper mines of 
Cyprus by the name of emeralds, it is easy to conceive, that 
the emerald, as they understood the word, must be frequently 
subject to it. The poets using the word nitrum instead of 
sal, is not wonderful; for the Greeks called common salt 
halonitrum, so that the words seem almost synonymous. 
SAL, Or Sala, a neat but small town of Sweden, in the 
government of Westerns. It contains 2100 inhabitants, 
and has in its neighbourhood a silvermine, first wrought in 
the year 1188. It produced, during the 14th century, an 
annual value of 6000/.; at present the produce is only 4000/. 
a year, and barely defrays the expense of working; 32 miles 
west of Upsal. Lat. 59. 55. 10. N. long. 16. 32. 45. E. 
SAL, an island forming part of the group of the Cape de 
Verd Islands, about 16 miles long, and 6 or 7 broad. It is 
dry, barren, and has now been deserted by all its inhabitants. 
It contains several high mountains, particularly one resem¬ 
bling a sugar loaf, which may be seen to a considerable dis¬ 
tance at sea. The salt, from which it derives its name, is 
formed in natural ponds among the rocks, into which the sea 
water flows, and is evaporated. The north west part is in 
Lat. 16. 50. N. long. 22.55. W. 
SAL, a village of Nedsjed, in Arabia; 20 miles north¬ 
east of Jemama. 
SAL, some islands in the gulf of California, with the ad¬ 
ditional title of Si Puedes. They are various, and the largest 
are Las Animas, San Lorenzo, San Estevan, and San Augus¬ 
tin. They are situate in the interior of the gulf, and form 
a chain from the coast as far as New Spain, leaving only 
some very narrow channels, of difficult entrance for 
vessels. 
SAL, some isles or shoals of rock near the north coast of 
the island of Cuba. 
SAL, a river of Chili, which flows down the Andes, and 
running west through the desert track of Atacama, enters the 
Pacific ocean. 
SAL, a river of Peru, in the province of Castro-Virreyna, 
which enters the Tsuchaca. 
SAL, Lake, a lake of North America. Lat. 50. 25. N. 
long. 91.. 30. W. 
SAL, Point, a high steep rocky cliff on the coast of 
New Albion, projecting from a low shore. Lat. 34. 57. N. 
long. 239. 43|. E. 
SAL, Punta del, a cape on the north coast qf the island 
of Cuba. Lat. 21. 10. N. long 78. 6. W. 
SALA (Angelo), a physician of the 17th century, dis¬ 
tinguished himself as one of the first who pursued medical 
chemistry in a useful and rational manner. He was a native 
of Vicenza, and practised in his profession at various places. 
In 1609, he appears to have resided at Winterthur in Swit¬ 
zerland. He was afterwards at the Hague, and at Hamburgh, 
and finally settled at Gustrow, as physician to the Duke of 
Mecklenburgh, in which situation he was living in 1639. 
S' A L 
His works were published collectively at Frankfort, 4to.; 
1647, 1680, 1712, and at Rouen, 4to., 1650. Several of 
them relate to the analysis and preparation of medicines of 
the vegetable kingdom, in which he employed much expe¬ 
rimental skill: of these are his “ Essentiarum Vegetabilium 
anatome;” “ Saccharologia“ Tartaralogia;” and “ Opio- 
logia,” the latter of which has been translated into French' 
and English. Ilalleri Bibl. Bot. Tirabosc/ii. 
SALA, a city described by the Arabian geographers, as 
situated on the eastern part of the Niger, immediately 
opposite to Tocrur, between Ghana and the modern site of 
Tombuctoo. It is mentioned as opulent and commercial in 
the twelfth century, but no modern notices have been 
received of its existence. 
SALA, a village of Diarbekir in Asiatic Turkey. 
SALA, La, a small town of Piedmont, near the road 
leading over the lesser St. Bernard. Population 900; .11 
miles west of Aosta. 
SALA, or Salato, a small town of the continental 
Sardinian states, in Montserrat, not far from Casale. 
SALA, a domain in Lombardy, with a magnificent castle; 
8 miles from Padua. 
t SALA, a town of Italy, in the west of the kingdom of 
Naples, in the Principato Citra, not far from a river of the 
same name. It is an inland town, has a population ■>£ 
5500, and stands on the great road leading southward fro' 
Salerno; 18 miles north of Policastro. 
SALA, a river of Buenos Ayres, which runs north-north- 
east, and enters the Parana. 
SALA DI GIOL, a small town of Italy, in the west of 
the kingdom of Naples, in the Principato Citra. Population 
only 1400; 24 miles west-by-north of Policastro. 
SALABAMABY, a river of North America, which fells 
into the Tombigbee. 
SALACIA [derivation unknown: though some have de¬ 
duced it from the proximity of the anthers to the stigma which 
must facilitate impregnation; and others suppose, that Lin¬ 
naeus intended to dedicate this genus to Salacia, the spouse 
of Neptune], in Botany, a genus of the class gynandria, 
order triandria.—Generic Character. Calyx: perianth one- 
leafed, five-parted, very short, spreading: segments ovate, 
acute, permanent. Corolla: petals five, roundish, sessile. 
Stamina: filaments none. Anthers three, twin, divaricate at 
the base, placed on the apex of the germ. Pistil: germ 
roundish, larger than the calyx. Style very short, between 
the anthers. Stigma simple. Pericarp: berry one-celled, 
three-seeded. Seeds roundish, even.—By the character, 
this genus is near allied to Stilago, but it is of a dif¬ 
ferent habit. Stilago is referred to Antidesma. Jussieu 
thinks that Salacia may possibly be dioecous.— Essential 
Character. Monogynous or one-styled. Calyx five-parted) 
Corolla five-petalled. Anthers placed on the apex of the 
germ. 
1. Salacia Chinensis.—Stem shrubby. Branches angular, 
even, divaricating very much, thickish at the base. Leaves 
petioled, remote, oval, like those of the plum, sharpish, 
even. Flowers many from each germ, on one flowered 
peduncles shorter than the petiole.—Native of China. 
2. Salacia Cochin-chinensis.—Stem almost upright, six 
feet high, with many twisted branches. Leaves ovate, sub¬ 
acuminate, smooth, petioled. Flowers of a reddish yellow 
colour, small. Berry roundish, unequal, reddish, middle- 
sized, eatable. Calyx inferior, coloured. Petals concave, 
spreading, longer than the calyx. Filaments none. Anthers 
roundish, two-lobed, distant. Germ round-flatted. Style 
none. Stigma a very small point.—Native of Cochin-china, 
among bushes. 
SALACIA, a name of a genus of insects, reduced by 
Linnaeus to a species under the name Ascidia Mentula- 
which see. 
SALA'CIOUS. adj. \_salax, Lat. salacc, Fr.] Lustful; 
lecherous. 
One more salacious, rich and old, 
Out-bids, and buys her. 
Drt/den. 
SALA'CIOUSLY, 
