600 
S A L 
SALMULUS, in Ichthology, the name of a small fish 
of the truttaceous kind, called in English a samlet. See 
Salmo. 
• SALQ, a town in the north of Austrian Italy, in the 
Brescia, situated in a delightful country, on a bay of the 
lake of Garda. It stands near the base of a mountain -(Pen¬ 
nine), is well built, and has about 4600 inhabitants, who 
manufacture linen, yarn, and thread. The environs are 
productive in vines and silk. This town was the scene of 
several military operations in 1796. The French took it in 
May ; they were driven out by the Austrians, in the end of 
July, but recovered possession of it a few days after; 22 
miles north-east of Brescia, and 28 north-west of Verona. 
Lat. 45. 37. N. long. 10.32. E. 
SALO BAY, a bay on the north coast of the island of Java. 
Lat. 6. 58. S. long. 112. 36. E. 
SALOBRENNA, a small town of the south-east of Spain, 
hi Granada, on the Mediterranean, with a castle on a rock, in 
which the Moorish kings formerly kept their treasure. The 
climate is warm, and sugar is raised in the vicinity ; 4 miles 
west of Motril. 
SALOMBO, a cluster of small islands in the Eastern seas. 
Lat. 5. 30. S. long. 113. 13. E. 
SALOMON ISLANDS. See Solomon Islands. 
SALOMONIA [named by I.oureiro, after king Solomon, 
whose botanical fame rests on the authority of the Holy 
Scriptures], in Botany, a genus of the class monandria, 
order mdnogynia, natural order uncertain, but it has been 
suggested by Sir J. E. Smith, simply from the description of 
Loureiro, that it should be referred to the Acanthi of Jussieu, 
near Justicia.—Generic Character. Calyx: perianth in¬ 
ferior, compressed, cloven into five awl-shaped, short, 
nearly equal, rather spreading segments. Corolla of one 
petal, its tube cylindrical, split longitudinally on one side; 
limb short, divided into three rounded, erect segments, the 
middle one longer, hooded, Stamina: filament one, thread¬ 
shaped, short, placed on the middle segment of the limb, 
and about the same length; anther ovate, incumbent, co¬ 
vered by the hood of the segment. Pistil: germen superior, 
roundish, compressed ; style indexed, swelling in the mid¬ 
dle, shorter than the stamen; stigma thickish. Pericarp: 
pouch compressed, two-lobed, rough, of two cells. Seeds 
solitary, nearly ovate, compressed.— Essential Character. 
Calyx five-cleft, inferior. Limb of the corolla three-cleft. 
Capsule of two cells. Seeds solitary. 
Salomonia Cantonensis. Loureiro.—Found on waste 
ground in the neighbourhood of Canton.—“ Stem herbace¬ 
ous, annual, six inches high, erect, furrowed, much branched. 
Leaves heart-shaped, pointed, entire, smooth, scattered on 
short stalks. Flowers violet-coloured, in simple, erect, ter¬ 
minal spikes.” 
SALON, a town in the south-east of France, in Provence, 
department of the Mouths of the Rhone. It is situated on a 
height, on the canal of Craponne, is tolerably well built, and 
Contains 6300 inhabitants. Its trade consists in the produce 
of the neighbouring country, viz. corn, cattle, wool; also 
olives and silk ; 18 miles west-north-west of Aix, and 19 east 
of Arles. Lat. 43. 38. 14. N. long. 5. 6. 0. E. 
SALON A, a town of Austrian Dalmatia, on a bay of the 
Adriatic. Though now an insignificant place, it was a town 
of importance in ancient times, having been taken and 
destroyed in.the reign of Augustus, but rebuilt by Tiberius, 
who sent thither a Roman colony, and made it the capital of 
Illyricum. This rank it long held; but seems to have 
declined after the reign of Dioclesian ; 2 miles north-east of 
Spalatro. 
SALONA, a considerable town of European Turkey, in 
Livadia, near a bay called the gulf of Salona, which is an 
inlet from the gulf of Corinth. Salona is' situated in a fertile 
and highly cultivated plain, at the foot of Mount Parnassus, 
and is supposed to occupy the site of the ancient Amphissa, 
of which, however, the vestiges are inconsiderable. The 
modern town has no fortifications; but it contains several 
well built mosques and churches, as well as spacious and 
commodious baths. Its population is estimated at 8000; its 
S A L 
trade is considerable, owing in-some measure to its situation 
between the trading town of Zeitoun, on the east, and the 
Morea on the west. Its chief manufactures are of tobacco 
and cotton, both raised in the neighbourhood. Salona is the 
see of a bishop, subject to the archbishop of Athens; 48 
miles north-east of Lepanto. Lat. 38. 51. N. long. 22. 
30. E. 
SALONICA (anciently called Thessalonica, Hallia, 
and Therma), a large and handsome city of European 
Turkey, in Macedon, standing at the northern extremity of 
a great bay or gulf. It is pleasantly situated, and'the 
approach to it from the sea is very imposing. It is built on 
the acclivity of a steep hill, which rises from the bay at its 
north-east extremity, is surrounded by a lofty stone wall, which 
ascends in a triangular form from the sea, and issurmounted by 
a fortress with seven towers. The circumference of the walls 
is about five miles. The domes and minarets of mosques are 
seen rising from among the other buildings, environed, as 
Usual in Turkey by cypresses, and giving a general air of 
splendour to the place. The interior of Salon ica, although 
it presents the irregularity common in Turkish towns, forms 
in some measure a contrast with most places in that country, 
of large size and population, in as far as respects cleanliness 
and internal comfort. In ancient times,-it was comparative¬ 
ly small, and is indebted for its increase to the advantage of 
its commercial position, the extent of water communication 
afforded by the gulf rendering it a receptacle for the produce 
of a great track of country to the east and west. With the 
country to the north, one of the most fertile districts in 
Macedon, it communicates by land, or by the river Vardari, 
the ancient Axius. The articles collected in Salonica, viz. 
cotton, tobacco, corn, and wool, are exported thence to 
different parts of Europe. The Turks carry on little business: 
it is in the hands of Greek, Jewish, and Frank merchants, 
understanding by the last, French, Italian, and English or 
Dutch, all of whom have consuls here. The population is 
computed at 70,000, and in regard to trade, this place ranks 
second only to Constantinople. 
Salonica has few antiquities, except the propylsea of the 
ancient Hippodrome, the alto-relievos on which are represent¬ 
ed in a series of beautiful and accurate engravings, in Stuart’s 
Antiquities of Athens. The remains of this building are a 
magnificent Corinthian colonnade, consisting of five pillars 
supporting an entablature, and having void spaces between 
the columns, which must have served for the entrance into 
the former Hippodrome. The whole of the sculpture is in 
marble, and is considered among the finest pieces of the art 
that have escaped the ravages of time. The figures are as 
large as life; but the soil has risen so materially, that the 
lower part of the columns is buried. Here is also the ro¬ 
tunda, an edifice built after the model of the Pantheon at 
Rome. The Hippodrome seems to have been situated 
between this rotunda and the sea. The church of St. Sophia, 
at Salonica, is now a mosque, similar, but on a smaller scale, 
to the well known St. Sophia at Constantinople. Two 
triumphal arches of Augustus and Constantine, complete the 
list of the antiquities of this city, with the exception of some 
marble soroi (cut blocks), in different parts of the town, 
now used as cisterns. This city is the residence of a Turkish 
pacha; likewise of a Catholic and Greek archbishop. In 
the year 1313, it was ceded by the Greek emperor to the 
Venetians, who were dispossessed of it about eight years 
afterwards, by the Turks under Amurath I.; 272 miles west 
of Constantinople, and 252 east-south-east of Ragusa. Lat. 
40. 38. 7. N. long. 22. 56. E. 
SALOOMEA, a town o the Birman empire, situated on 
the left bank of the Irrawuddy river; 25 miles north of 
Raynangong, 
SALOON", a town of Ilindostan, province of Oude. Lat. 
26. 2. N. long. 81. 24. E. 
SALOON, a town of Hindostan, province of the Circars. 
Lat. 18. 26. N. long. 83. 19. E. 
SA'LOON, s. [salon, sa/le, Fr. from the Germ, sal.'] 
A spacious hall or room.—The principal apartment of these 
buildings consists of one or more large saloons. Chambers, 
SALOOP, 
