SALSO, a small town of Italy, in the grand duchy of 
Parma, which derives its name from its salt-works. The 
produce there is considerable; 16 miles west of Parma, and 
17 south-east of Piacenza. 
SALSO, a river in the east of Sicily, which rises in the Val 
di Demona, and empties itself into the Mediterranean by two 
mouths. 
SALSOA'CID, adj. [salsus and acidus, Lat.] Having 
a taste compounded of saltness and sourness.—The salso- 
ccids help its passing off ; as -sal prunel. Flayer. 
SALSOLA [from the saltness of the plant], in Botany, a 
genus of the class pentandria, order digynia, natural order of 
holoracese, atriplices ( Juss.) —.Generic Character. Calyx : 
perianth five-parted: segments ovate, concave, permanent. 
Corolla none, unless the calyx be called so. Stamina : fila¬ 
ments five, very short, inserted into the segments of the 
calyx. Pistil: germ globular. Style three-parted or two- 
parted, short. Stigmas recurved. Pericarp: capsule ovate, 
wrapped in the calyx, one-celled. Seed single, very large, 
spiral. Some species have three styles.— Essential Charac¬ 
ter. Calyx five-leaved. Corolla none. Capsule one-seeded. 
Seed screw-shaped. 
1. Salsola kali, or prickly saltwort.—-Herbaceous, decum¬ 
bent, leaves awl-shaped, spiny rugged, calyxes margined, 
axillary. These plants produce alkaline salt, commonly 
called barilla, soda, or kelp, and are many of them herba¬ 
ceous and annual, others have shrubby stems. Root annual, 
fibrous.—-Native of the sandy shores of Europe, Asia, Africa, 
and America. It flowers with us in July. This plant, on 
being burned, affords fossil alkali. 
2. Salsola tragus.—-Herbaceous, erect, leaves awl-shaped, 
spiny, even, calyxes ovate.—Native of the South of Europe, 
and of Africa, on the sea coast. 
3. Salsola rosacea, or rose-coloured saltwort.—Herbaceous, 
leaves awl-shaped, mucronate, calyxes spread out, The 
stalks of this seldom rise more than five or six inches high. 
The flowers are small, and of a rose-colour, soon fading.—- 
Native of Tartary. 
4. Salsola soda, or French saltwort.—Stems procumbent 
or upright, with spreading branches. Leaves long, fleshy, 
spreading, awl-shaped, widened at the base, ash-coloured, 
with two opposite longitudinal streaks, the margin of the 
base membranous and diaphanous. Flowers axillary, sessile, 
one, two, or three together.-—Native of the South of Europe. 
The true Barilla is made in Spain from this species. 
5. Salsola saliva, or Spanish saltwort.—Diffused, herba¬ 
ceous, leaves round, smooth, flowers conglomerate. This 
grows abundantly on the Spanish coast, which is washed by 
the Mediterranean sea, and affords all the best soda con¬ 
sumed in Europe. 
In September the Spaniards collect the crop into heaps, 
about six feet in height. Of these they burn fifty iu one hole, 
stirring well the broth with sticks; then, protecting it from 
rain, at the expiration of eight or ten days, the stone will 
be cold enough to be removed. 
6. Salsola spicata, or spiked saltwork.—Herbaceous, leaves 
oblong, obtuse, semi-cylindric, flowers in threes, axillary sub¬ 
spiked.—This also is a native of Spain. 
7. Salsola altissimi, or grass-leaved saltwort.—Herbaceous, 
erect, very much branched, leaves filiform, sharpish, pedun- 
culiferous at the base. Peduncles three-flowered, the lateral 
ones springing at the base of the middle one. Styles three. 
—Native of Italy, Saxony, and Astrachan. 
8. Salsola trigyna, or trifid-styled saltwort.-—Herbaceous, 
erect, leaves filiform, obtuse, fleshy, flowers axillary, sessile, 
in threes, styles trifid. In habit, this very much resembles 
the preceeding, but it is quite distinct, having axillary flowers 
not inserted into the leaf, as in that.—Native of Spain. 
9 Salsola salsa, or striped-stalk saltwort.—Herbaceous, 
nearly upright, leaves linear, somewhat fleshy, awnless, 
calyxes succulent, diaphanous. Stems a foot high, panicled, 
even, purplish, somewhat striated. Flowers axillary, sessile,. 
in threes.—Native of Astrachan. This, and all the preced¬ 
ing, are annual plants. 
10. Salsola nudiflora, or naked-flowered saltwort.—Some¬ 
what woody, ascending, leaves filiform, fleshy, flowers glo¬ 
merate, leaves the length of the glomerules.—Native of the 
East Indies, near Tranquebar, on the coast Perennial- 
11. Salsola flavescens, or yellow saltwort.—Somewhat 
woody, erect, leaves round, pubescent, flowers subglomerate. 
Distinct from the next species, in having a suffruticose stem, 
narrower leaves, shorter than the flowers.—Native of Spain. 
Perennial. 
12. Salsola hirsuta, or hairy saltwort.—-Herbaceous, dif¬ 
fused, leaves round, obtuse, tomentose.—Native of Denmark 
and the South of France, on the sea coast. Distinguished by 
its pubescent leaves. It is annual. 
13. Salsola laniflora, or woolly-flowered saltwort.—Her¬ 
baceous, leaves round, pubescent, flowers axillary, anthers, 
coloured. Stem two feet high, when young, woolly, but 
towards the time of fructification, becoming naked. Flowers 
in threes.-—Native of Siberia, about Saratschik. 
14. Salsola hyssopifolia, or hyssop-leaved saltwort.—-Her¬ 
baceous, leaves linear, flat, glomerules of flowers axillary, 
woolly. This is an annual plant.—Native of the dry salt plains 
of Siberia. 
15. Salsola polyclonos, or many-spiked saltwort.—Some¬ 
what woody, diffused, leaves oblong, calyxes margined, 
glomerate coloured. Stems very much branched. Flowers 
axillary and terminating, glomerate, sessile.—Native of the 
sea-coast of Spain and Sicily. 
16. Salsola prostrata, or prostrate saltwort.-—Frutescent, 
leaves linear, hairy, unarmed.—-Native of Spain, Austria, 
Switzerland, and Siberia. 
17. Salsola monandra, or fleshy-leaved saltwort.—Stem 
herbaceous, branched, fleshy, almost leafless, leaves round, 
fleshy, flowers one-stamened.—Native of Siberia, by the 
lake Allan, and in the steppes of Astrachan. Annual. 
18. Salsola vermiculata, or narrow-leaved saltwort.—Fru¬ 
tescent, leaves in bundles, round, filiform, floral leaves ovate, 
acute fleshy. Stems shrubby, three or four feet high, sending 
out many side branches. The flowers are produced from 
among the leaves, towards the ends of the branches, they are 
so small as scarcely to be discerned.—Native of Spain and 
Siberia. 
19. Salsola arbuscula, or bushy saltwort—Shrubby, leaves 
in bundles, round, attenuated at the base, incurved; flowers 
solitary, scattered.—Native of the Tartarian steppes. 
20. Salsola aphylla, or leaflets saltwort.—This is a shrub 
the height of a man, leafless and very irregular. Branchlets 
covered with the rudiments of flowers. Flowers sessile, with 
a spreading membranous border.—Native of the Cape of 
Good Hope. 
21. Salsola arborescens, or tree saltwort.—Frutescent, 
leaves, semi-cylindric, the lower conjugate. Stems shrubby, 
ascending white. Spike terminating. Calyxes scariose, 
rose-coloured.—Native of Siberia. 
22. Salsola fruticosa, or shrubby saltwort.-—Stem about 
two feet high, or more, woody, very much branched; the 
branches erect, and thickly clothed with alternate, semi- 
cylindrical, rather glaucous leaves. Flowers inconspicuous, 
axillary, solitary $ with three small concave, scariose bractes. 
Linnaeus remarks, that the germ is cylindrical, and the styles 
three in number.-—Native of England, France, Spain, Bar¬ 
bary, and Persia, on the sea-coast. 
23. Salsola Indica, or Indian saltwort.—Shrubby, leaves 
linear, fleshy, half round, floral leaves oblong, obtuse. 
Flowers three sessile on the axils of the leaves, on the 
branches of the former year, not towards the top. In other 
respects it has the habit of the preceding species.—-Native of 
the East Indies. 
24. Salsola sedojdes, or sedum-like saltwort.—Suffruti¬ 
cose, leaves round, filiform, ciliate, flowers glomerate, axil¬ 
lary.—Native of Siberia, in the salts by the Samara and the 
middle Jaik. 
25. Salsola muricata, or hairy saltwort.—Shrubby, patu¬ 
lous, branchlets hirsute, calyxes spiny. Leaves linear, ash- 
coloured. Seed small, within a three-toothed bag: flowers 
small, one, two, or three together, axillary, sessile.—Native 
of Egypt and Barbary, near Cassa. 
' ■ 26. Salsola 
