SAL 
608 
laments four, the length of the calyx, reflex. Anthers round. 
Pistil: germ roundish. Style single, short, (or none.) Stig¬ 
ma simple, blunt, umbilicate. Pericarp: berry globular, 
one-celled. Seed single, spherical,' covered with a callous 
aril.— Essential Character. Calyx four-cleft. Corolla four- 
cleft. Berry one-seeded. Seed covered with an aril. 
1. Salvadora Persica.—Trunk generally crooked, eight or 
ten feet high to the branches, and one foot in diameter: 
bark very scabrous and deeply cracked. Branches numerous, 
spreading, with their extremities perfectly pendulous, like 
the weeping willow. Leaves opposite, petioled, oval, entire, 
smooth and shining on both sides, from one to two inches 
long, and about an inch broad. Stipules none. Panicle 
terminating, and from the exterior axils, compound. Flow¬ 
ers minute, very numerous, greenish-yellow.—Native also of 
the Persian gulph. 
2. Salvadora capitulata.—-A middle-sized tree, very much 
branched. Leaves alternate, very rough, unequally serrate, 
sub-petioled. Flowers from the axils in heads containing 
eight of them or thereabouts. 
3. Salvadora biflora.—‘Ten feet high, with many twisted, 
spreading branches. Leaves sub-serrate, rough, alternate. 
Flowers axillary, on long peduncles. Calyx four-parted. 
Corolla none. Style bifid, with simple stigmas. Berry yel¬ 
low, two-lobed, one-seeded, esculent.—Both species are na¬ 
tives of Cochin-china, in woods and hedges ; and are not 
easily distinguished unless when they are in flower. 
SALVADORE, St. a small town in the north-west of the 
kingdom of Naples, in the Terra di Lavoro, with 1200 inha¬ 
bitants. 
SALV ADORE, St. a small town in the north-west of 
Italy, in Montferrat, province of Casale, situated on an emi¬ 
nence. Population 1600. 
SALVADORE, St. an inland town of the continental 
Sardinian states, duchy of Montferrat. It contains four 
churches, and 5200 inhabitants, and is situated on a hill; 5 
miles south-south-west of Valenza. 
SA'LVAGE, s. [salvaige, old Fr. “Ce qui revient de 
droit a ceux qui ont aide a sauver des marchandises du 
naufrage d’un vaisseau echoue, ou des flammes.” Roq.] 
Recompence allowed by the law for saving goods from a 
w'reck.—If any ship be lost on the shore, and the goods 
come to land, they shall presently be delivered to the mer¬ 
chants, they paying only a reasonable reward to those that 
saved and preserved them, which i/intitled salvage. Black- 
stone. 
The regulations which the law of England has established 
in relation to this subject, are principally found in our sta¬ 
tutes, some of which are of very ancient date. (See 3 Edw. I. 
c. 4. 4 Edw. I. c. 2. 27 Edw. III. c. 13.) But those that 
are now principally in force, are found in the statute 12 Ann. 
stat. 2. c. 18. and subsequent acts, made for the protection 
of ships and goods stranded on the coasts of this kingdom. 
The statute of Ann. sect. 2. enacts, among other provisions, 
that persons employed in the salvage of ships or cargoes, &c. 
shall, within thirty days after the service performed, be paid 
a reasonable reward for the same by the commander or other 
superior officer, mariners, or owners of the ship or goods so 
saved; and in default thereof, the ship, vessel, or goods so 
saved, shall remain in custody of the collector of the cus¬ 
toms, or his deputy, until all charges shall be paid. 
This statute also prescribes the punishment to be inflicted 
on persons guilty of plundering or destroying ships in dis¬ 
tress. But this being found insufficient to repress the bar¬ 
barous practices, the stat. 26 Geo. II. c. 19. has enacted a 
variety of further regulations for the more effectual punish¬ 
ment of offenders, and the better protection of ships in 
distress. 
Salvage in the case of recapture has been fixed by several 
statutes (viz. 13 Geo. II. c. 4. and 29 Geo. II. c. 34.) at 
certain rates, according to the interval of time the recap¬ 
tured ship was in the hands of the enemy. But the regula¬ 
tions now in force were established- by the last prize act. 
Accordingly, by stat. 33 Geo. III. c. 66. § 42, “ If any 
SAL 
ship or vessel, taken as prize, or any goods therein, shall 
appear, in the court of admiralty, to have belonged to any 
of his majesty’s subjects, which were before taken by any of 
his majesty’s enemies, and at any time afterwards retaken by 
any ships, such ships, vessels, and goods shall be restored to 
such former owner, he paying for salvage, if retaken by any 
of his majesty’s ships, one-eighth part of the value thereof: 
and if retaken by any privateer,-or other ship or vessel, one- 
sixth; or if retaken by the joint operation of his majesty’s 
ships, and private ships of war, the judge of the court of 
admiralty shall order such salvage, and in such proportions, 
to be paid to the recaptors by the owners, as he shall deem 
fit and reasonable.” 
SA'LVAGE, adj. [saulvage, old French; selvaggio, 
Ital. from silva, Lat.] Wild; rude; cruel. It is now 
spoken and written savage: which see. 
SALVAGES, a group of uninhabited islands, or rather 
rocks, off the coast of Africa, immediately north of the Ca¬ 
naries. The largest is about a league in circumference, high 
and rocky ; and a few leagues to the north west is another, 
resembling the largest needle rock at the west end of the Isle 
of Wight. Between these there are many rocks and sands, 
some above, and others under water; so that it is dangerous 
for those who are not well acquainted with this sea, to ap¬ 
proach them, unless on the east side of the great island. 
There are a great number of cormorants and sea fowl: these, 
with wrecks, form inducements to some of the inhabitants of 
the Canary islands to resort thither in summer. They catch 
the young in their nests, kill and salt them, and carry them 
to Teneriffe for sale. The largest island produces nothing 
but orchilla, a dyeing weed, 40 tons of which have been col¬ 
lected in the course of the summer. Although the Salvages 
he much nearer to the Canaries than to Madeira, yet the 
Portuguese claim the property of them, and will not allow 
the former people even to collect the orchilla. 
According to Lieut. Mudge, who surveyed the great Sal¬ 
vage island in 1820, along with Lieut. Vidal, it is of volcanic 
origin, and consists principally of dark coloured black rock, 
which has a fixed magnetic polarity. Even the dust of the 
roads and of the floors of the cottages may be gathered up 
like steel filings by a bar magnet. A plan of the island 
communicated to Dr. Brewster by Lieut. Mudge, is published 
in the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal, vol. v. p. 381. 
Position of Lieut. Mudge’s station 15° 56' 18" west long, and 
30° 27' 39" north lat. Edinburgh Ency. 
SALVAIGNAG, a small town in the south of France, 
in the department of the Tarn, with 1200 inhabitants; 
9 miles west of Gaillac, and 21 north-north-east of Tou¬ 
louse. 
SALVATELLA VENA, in Anatomy, an old name given 
to a vein of the hand, beginning at the back of the little 
finger, and running into the commencement of the vena 
t)clSll ICS 
SALVATEON DE IGUEY, a settlement of St. Domingo, 
one of the first towns founded there by the Spaniards, 28 
leagues from the capital. 
SALVATERRA, a small town in the east of Portugal. 
Population 2000; 144 miles east-north-east of Lisbon, and 
10 north of Alcantara in Spain. 
SALVATERRA, a small town ofPortuguese Estremadura, 
near the Tagus, with a royal palace; 31 miles north-east of 
Lisbon. 
SALVATIERRA, the name of four small towns of Spain; 
one in Galacia, on the Minho; 30 miles north of Braga, and 
54 south of St. Jago de Compostella ; one in the Narvarre, 
on theEzca; 24 miles east of Pampeluna ; a third in Estre¬ 
madura ; 28 miles south-south-east of Badajos, and a fourth 
in the province of Alava; 14 miles east-north-east of Vit- 
toria. 
SALVATIERRA, a city of Mexico, in the intendancy of 
Valladolid. It is surrounded by woods, or small settlements; 
30 miles north-west of Mexico. 
SALVA'TION, s. [salvatione, old Fr. pardon. Kelham. 
from salvo, Latin.] Preservation from eternal death. 
Him 
