SAL 
redness. His first character is that of a designer; and indeed 
he was a complete example of the Roman school, of which 
colouring by no means forms an agreeable feature, whilst it 
has sufficient to separate and support theforms. His un¬ 
happy disposition, and his inclination to debase and villify 
the works of others, caused him many enemies, and fre¬ 
quently led to the employment of less able artists, whose 
talents were conducted with a more engaging manner, and 
less captious temper. 
SALVINI (Anton-Maria), a learned Italian, was born 
of a noble family at Florence, in 1654. He became pro¬ 
fessor of Greek in his native city, and was a distinguished 
member of the Della Crusca, to the perfection of whose 
dictionary no one contributed so much. He passed his 
life in literary pursuits, and died in 1729, at the age of 
76. During his life he was not much known as an author, 
but after his decease a great number of works from his pen 
appeared, either in a separate form, or inserted among the 
writings of other learned men. He displayed great in¬ 
dustry in translations, and gave metrical versions, compris¬ 
ing the Iliad and Odyssey of Homer; Hesiod; Theocritus; 
Anacreon; and many of the minor poets and epigramma¬ 
tists: the Clouds and Plutus of Aristophanes; parts of 
Horace and Ovid; Perseus; part of the Book of Job and 
the Lamentations; Boileau’s “Art Poetique;” Addison’s 
‘'Cato” and “Letters from Italy,” and other pieces. He 
obtained the character of a very faithful translator; and it is 
said he has not omitted a single epithet of Homer; hence he 
was obliged to introduce into the Tuscan language a mul¬ 
titude of compound terms never before hazarded. There 
have been published of this author, “ Sonnets and other 
original Poems;” “A hundred Academical Discourses;” 
** A funeral Oration for Antonio Magliabecchi,” and other 
works.—He had a younger brother, a canon of Florence, 
who died at an advanced age in 1751,- and who was also a 
distinguished man of letters, and published a work, entitled 
“ Fasti consolari delle’ Academia Fiorentina,” also the 
Lives of Maglotti and Migliorucci. 
SALVINIA, a plant so named by Micheli, in compliment 
to a Florentine nobleman. This is the Marsilea natans of 
Linnaeus, which see. 
SALVO, s. [from salvo jure, Latin; a form used ih grant¬ 
ing any thing: as salvo jure putei .] An exception ; a reser¬ 
vation ; an excuse.'—If others of a more serious turn join with 
us deliberately in their religious professions of loyalty, with 
any private salvoes or evasions, they would do well to con¬ 
sider those maxims in which all casuists are agreed. Ad¬ 
dison. 
■ SALUM, or Bursalum, an African kingdom, situated on 
the northern bank of the Gambia. It is 120 miles long, 50 
broad, and contains 300,000 inhabitants. The king main¬ 
tains considerable state ; but he never does any thing of im¬ 
portance without the advice of his grandees and people. 
The country is very fertile and populous, and the inhabitants 
intelligent and courageous. It is traversed by a river, called 
the River of Salum, which runs about thirty leagues up the 
country, and, on approaching the Atlantic, divides into 
several branches, one of which forms a broad bay ; but the 
stream is muddy, and its banks unwholesome. It is not fre¬ 
quented by the English, on account of a quarrel with the 
king, of which advantage was taken by the French, to esta¬ 
blish an alliance with that monarch. The river falls into 
the sea, in Lat. 13. 44. N. 
SALVORE, a promontory of Austrian Illyria, in Istria, 
to the south of Pirano, and 3 miles north of Umago. 
SALURN, a small town of the Austrian states, in Tyrol, 
on the Adige; 10 miles north of Trent. Population 1100. 
• SALUT, Port, lies on the south-west side of the south 
peninsula of the island of St. Domingo, about 14 leagues 
from Les Caves, as the road runs, and only 7 in a straight 
line south-west of that town. Lat. 18. 6. N. long. 76. 
20. W. 
SA'LUTARINESS, s. ■ Wholesomeness; quality of con¬ 
tributing to health or safety. 
SA'LUTARY, adj. [salutaris, Lat.] Wholesome; 
Vol. XXII. No. 1526. 
SAL 618 
healthful; safe; advantageous; contributing to health or 
safety.—-It was want of faith in our Saviour’s countrymen, 
which hindered him from shedding among them the salutary 
emanations of his divine virtue ; and he did not make many 
mighty works there, because of their unbelief. Bentley. 
SALUTA'TION, s. [salutatio, Lat.] The act or style of 
saluting; greeting. 
Thy kingdom’s peers 
Speak my salutation in their minds; 
Whose voices I desire aloud with mine, 
Hail, king of Scotland! Sha/cspeare. 
The Salutatio, among the Romans, was daily homage 
paid by clients and inferiors to their superiors. 
Among the great, atrium was the place appointed for this 
purpose; but among people of middling condition, the ves- 
tibulum only. 
This practice of salutation was not confined to the city, 
but took place in the army likewise; it being usual for the 
private soldiers to go very early in the morning to salute their 
centurion, who at their head proceeded to salute the tribune, 
and then the tribune with the rest went a id saluted the im- 
perator, or commander-in-chief. 
The women, too, had their crowds of saluters attending 
them every morning. 
The manner of receiving those who came to pay their 
respects, was to receive those of the better sort with a kiss, 
and the poorer sort had a small entertainment given them, 
and were even feasted by such' as wanted to be thought more 
liberal than ordinary. 
There is a great variety in the forms of salutation : we sa¬ 
lute God by adorations, prayers, &c.; kings by genuflexion, 
&c. In England, we salute one another by uncovering the 
head, inclining the body, &c. The orientals salute by un¬ 
covering their feet, laying their hands on their breast, &c. 
The pope makes no reverence to any mortal but the emperor 
of Germany, to whom he stoops a-very little, when he ad¬ 
mits him to kiss his mouth. 
It was believed by the ancients, that the statue of Mem- 
non, in a temple of Egypt, saluted the sun every morning 
at his rising: the cheat consisted in this, that the statue 
being hollow, when the warmth of the morning began to 
rarify the including air, it was driven out through a narrow 
duct in the mouththis made a gentle murmur, which the 
priests interpreted a salutation. 
In the Army, the salute is performed by a discharge of 
artillery, or small arms, or both ; the men presenting their 
arms. The colours likewise salute royal personages, and 
generals commanding in chief, which is done by lowering 
the point to an inch above the ground. In the field, when 
a regiment is to be reviewed by the king, or his general, 
the drums beat a march as he passes along the line, and the 
officers salute one after another, bowing their half pikes or 
swords to the ground, then recover, and take off their hats. 
The ensigns salute altogether by lowering their colours. 
When his majesty, or any of the royal family are present, 
when the word of command, “to shoulder,” is given, the offi¬ 
cers recover their swords, and the ensigns raise their colours. 
At Sea, this ceremony is variously performed, according 
to the circumstances, rank, or situation of the parties. It 
consists in firing a certain number of cannon, or volleys of 
small arms, in striking the colours or top-sails, and in one 
or more general shouts of the whole ship’s crew, mounted 
in the masts or rigging for that purpose. For a tedious 
rigmarole on this subject, see Regulations and Instructions 
for the Sea Service. 
SALUTATION, Angelical, is an address, which the Ro¬ 
manists make to the Virgin, containing the formula in 
which the angel saluted her, when he acquainted her with 
the mystery of the incarnation. 
SALUTATO, (Lino CoLuccio Piero), one of the re¬ 
storers of literature in Italy, was born in 1330, at the 
castle of Stignano, in Tuscany. His father, a soldier 
and hero, having been exiled by the prevalent faction in 
his country, retired to Bologna on the invitation of its 
7 R lord, 
