SAN 
G56 
SAN 
which their intercourse is maintained, not only with Europe, 
but with America, and other parts of the world. Here 
reside all the consuls and commissaries of foreign powers, 
settled for commercial purposes. This port may be consider¬ 
ed, moreover, as a great caravansary on the road between 
America and the Indies, most of the European vessels 
destined for these distant settlements touching there for water 
and refreshments. Santa Cruz is situated on a plain, 
suiTOunded by bleak and barren mountains. Its only 
advantage is in its road, which affords safe anchorage in deep 
water, and where ten or twelve ships of war may find 
convenient accommodation. Amole stretches out into the 
sea, which is rounded at the extremity, to afford a landing 
place 5 but the surf breaks so heavily against it, as to render 
this neither convenient nor even perfectly safe. The mole is 
ascended by a stair, at the top of which is placed the custom¬ 
house, which it is thus impossible to avoid. The streets of 
Santa Cruz are tolerably broad and straight, and many of the 
houses are well built. They have all a wide court in the 
interior, and the apartments are large to an uncomfortable 
degree, though coolness is thus promoted. The society 
consists chiefly of merchants, as the gentry of the island 
prefer residing at Laguna. Travellers remark the vast number 
of ecclesiastics to be seen in the streets; they complain also 
of the crowd and importunity of beggars. Debauchery, 
and the maladies consequent upon it, are said to be very 
prevalent, in consequence of the great concourse of seamen 
and soldiers, which renders it prudent for the captain of a 
vessel to limit as much as possible the intercourse of his 
crew with the natives. The population is stated at about 
8400. 
SANTA CRUZ, a river of Morocco, which falls into the 
Atlantic near Cape Aguer. 
SANTA CRUZ DE LA SIERRA, a province of the 
viceroyalty of Buenos Ayres, already described under the 
title of Cruz. It is also the name of the capital of the 
province, which was founded in 1558, and afterwards 
removed ]50 miles more to the south, to the place where it 
now stands, in Lat. 14. 20. S. at the foot of a chain of 
mountains, which bounds the country of the Chiquitos 
Indians to the north, and thence runs in a north-east direction 
to Lake Xarayes. It was at first called San Lorenzo, and 
it still retains that name in some public instruments. The 
reason of the removal has not been ascertained, nor did it 
please many of the Spanish inhabitants of the old town, 
some of whom remained amongst the Chiquitos, and formed 
a little town at the foot of a mountain, which they called St. 
Francis; others retired amongst the Moxos, and some having 
embarked on the Mamore, fell down that river to the Ama¬ 
zons, and thence passed into Spain. The city stands on the 
banks of the Guapay, which forms a semicircle round it. It 
is pretty large and populous, but ill built. It was erected 
into a bishopric in 1605, but the bishop resides at the town 
of Misque. The houses are of stone, and are thatched with 
palm-leaves.—N. B. Such towns beginning with Santa, as 
are not inserted under S, will be found under the title which 
follows, as Santa Cruz. See Cruz, Santa. 
SANTA CRUZ, an island of the Pacific Ocean, discovered 
and so named by Mendana in 1595. It was afterwards 
called Egrhont island by Captain Carteret, which see. 
SANTA CRUZ, a small island among the Philippines 
near the south coast of Lucon. Lat. 13. 42. N. long. 121. 
52. E. 
SANTA CRUZ, a town on the west coast of the island of 
Mindoro. Lat. 13.5. N. long. 120. 51. E. 
SANTA CRUZ, a small island among the Philippines, 
near the south-west coast of Mindanao. Lat. 6 . 40. N. long. 
122. 12. E. 
SANTA ELENA, Punta de, a settlement in South 
America, in the province and government of Guayaquil, 
and kingdom of Quito. It is situated on the coast, and has ' 
a good port, which is much frequented by vessels carrying on 
an illicit trade. 
SANTA FE, a town of Mexico, in the intendancy of 
Guanaxuato, situated in a narrow defile, hemmed in by 
mountains on either side. It is regularly and well built, and. 
has several handsome buildings, among which is the parish 
church. It contains about 5000 families of mestizoes and 
mulattoes; 60 leagues west-north-west of Mexico. Lat. 22. 
4. N. 
SANTA MARIA. See St. Mary. 
SANTA PEDRO, Bay of, an extensive bay on the coast 
of New California or New Albion. Its two extreme points, 
to the north and south, namely, point Dume and Point 
Vincente, lie about 26 miles asunder. 
SANTA ROSA, a town of Mexico, in the province of 
Cohahuila, about 38 miles to the north-west of Montelovez, 
It is represented to be the most healthy situation in the 
province, and to have the best water and fruit. It is situated 
near the source of the river Millada, and its population is 
estimated at 4000. 
SANTA ROSA, a small island in the North Pacific Ocean, 
about 80 miles from the coast of New Albion. Lat. 33 58 
N. long. 240. 22. E. 
SANTA TIAGO, a town on the west coast of the island 
of Lucon. Lat. 16. 32. N. long. 120. 47. E. 
SANTA YSABEL, a settlement of the island of Cuba ; 
70 miles south-west of Havannah. 
SANTA YS ABELL A, a settlement of the island of Cuba, 
on the north coast; 135 miles west-south-west of Havannah. 
SANTABUCA, a settlement of the island of Cuba; 10- 
miles north-north-west of Spirit'd Santo. 
SANTALACEiE, in Botany, a natural order of plants, 
selected by Mr. Brown, Prodr. Nov. Holl. v. i. 350, from 
the Eleeagni and Qnagrse of Jussieu, and named from San- 
talum, which is one of this tribe. The order in question 
belongs to the Dicotyledones apetalae, and has the following 
characters:—Perianth superior, in four or five segments, half 
coloured ; the segments before expansion parallel. Stamens 
four or five, opposite to the segments of the perianth, and 
inserted into the base of each. Germen of one cell, with 
from two to four seeds, which are inserted near the top of 
the central receptacle, and pendulous. Style one. Stigma 
often lobed. Pericarp dry and pulpy, with one perfect seed. 
Albumen fleshy, the shape of the seed. Embryo dicotyle¬ 
donous, central, inverted, round. Stem arboreous or shrubby. 
Leaves alternate, or imperfectly opposite, undivided, with¬ 
out stipulas; occasionally minute, and like stipulas in ap¬ 
pearance. Flowers small, somewhat spiked: rarely um¬ 
bellate, or solitary. 
SANTALUM, in Botany, a genus of the class tetrandria, 
order monogynia, natural order of Onagraa (Juss.j _Ge¬ 
neric Character. Calyx: perianth margin superior, four¬ 
toothed. Corolla: petals four, placed on the segments of the 
calyx, straight. Glands four, smaller than the petals* 
alternate with them. Stamina: filaments four, growing on 
the tube of the calyx. Anthers simple. Pistil ; germ inferior. 
Style length of the stamens. Stigma simple. Pericarp berry. 
Seed one .—Essential Character. Calyx four-toothed. 
Corolla four-petalled, with the petals growing on the calyx* 
besides four glands. Berry inferior, one-seeded. 
1. Santalum album, or white and yellow sandal-wood.__ 
This tree has the appearance of a myrtle, with stiff brachiate 
branches, every where jointed. In habit, leaves, and inflo¬ 
rescence, resembling the privet.—Leaves opposite, on short 
petioles, spreading, lanceolate, entire. Stipules none. Flowers 
small, red, erect. Calyx superior, bell-shaped, four-cleft. 
Nectary four-leaved, inserted into the mouth of the calyx. 
Stigma four-lobed. Berry globular, size of a large pea* 
juicy, black when ripe. 
This valuable tree is a native of many parts of India. In 
the Circar mountains, where it is wild, it is but of a small 
size, and the wood of little value. On the Malabar coast, it 
is much larger, and the wood of the best sort. 
Birds eat the berries, by which means it is propagated 
extensively. 
2 . Santalum ovaturo, or ovate-leaved santalum.—^Leaves, 
elliptic- 
