S A R 
in the canton of St. Gall, consisting of a single street. In 
its vicinity is a productive iron mine ; 45 miles east-south 
east of Zurich, and 42 south of Constance. 
SARGARAUSENA, in Ancient Geography, a country 
of Cappadocia, which had the title of prefecture, and com¬ 
prehended six towns. 
SARGATII, a people of Sarmatia in Europe; who in¬ 
habited the territory between the Alauni and the Amanobii. 
Ptolemy. 
SARGAZO, or Sargaso, in Botany, a name for the 
plant commonly called sea lentils ; a small sea-plant found 
among the rocks, and sometimes at open sea, and supposed 
to be a good diuretic. 
SARGE, a small town in the central part of France, 
department of the Loir and Cher, situated at the junction 
of the rivers Greisne and Bray. Population 1600. 
SARGEL, a small sea-port of Algiers, near which Andrew 
Doria was beaten by Barbarossa. Lat. 36. 30. N. long. 2. 
15. W. 
SARGETIA, in Ancient Geography, a river of Dacia, 
which watered the town of Zernizagathusas, since called 
Ulpia-Trajana, and ran into the Rhadon. Dion Cassius. 
SARGO, in Ichthyology, a name used for the Cyprinus 
Teses. 
SARGUEMINES, or Sarreguemines, a small town 
in the north-east of France, in Lorraine, department of 
the Moselle, at the junction of the Sarre and the Blase. It 
has considerable manufactures of hemp stuffs. Population 
3200; 9 miles south of Saarbruck. Lat. 49. 8. N. long. 
7. 11. E. 
SARGUS, the name of a fish well known, and much 
esteemed, among the ancients, and not uncommon at this 
time in the markets of Rome, Venice, &c. being caught 
in the Mediterranean and Adriatic in considerable quan¬ 
tities. 
It something resembles the sparus in figure, but its nose 
is longer and more pointed, and turns up a little, and its 
fore-teeth are shaped like two human teeth, which stand in 
the same part of the mouth. It has no tubercles in the 
hinder part of the jaws, as the sparus has; and its whole 
body is variegated with brown transverse rings, resembling 
the variegations of the pearch, and has only one fin on the 
back, the anterior rays of which are prickly, the hinder ones 
not at all so. See Sparus Sargus. 
Sargus is also the name of a river fish, called by others 
gardon, sardus, and cephalus. See Cyprinus Jeses. 
SARHAUT, a town of Bengal, district of Birbhoom. 
Lat. 24. 14. N. long. 86. 51. E. 
. SARHOU HOTUN, a town of Chinese Tartary; 392 
miles east-north-east of Peking.—There is another town of 
the same name in the government of Kirin. Lat. 44. 44. N. 
long. 129. 21. E. 
SARI, a town of Mazanderan, in Persia, on the southern 
coast of the Caspian. It is a very ancient city, frequently 
alluded to by the poet Ferdusi; and when visited by Han- 
way, contained four or five temples of the ancient Persians, 
built of solid materials, and in the shape of rotundas, about 
30 feet in diameter, and raised to a point near 120 feet in 
height. Sari is now the residence of one of the princes of 
Persia, who has a small but neat and commodious palace. 
It is well fortified, being surrounded with a good w'all and 
deep ditch. Though not large, it is crowded with inha¬ 
bitants; and a society of Armenians is established in its 
vicinity. Here are many considerable merchants, who 
carry on a brisk trade with Astracan and the interior of 
Persia. The country in the vicinity of the town is flat, 
woody interspersed with streams, and bounded on the north¬ 
west and south-west by a range of hills, Lat. 35. 35. N. 
long. 52. 58. E. 
SARI, a village of Irak, in Persia; 160 miles north-west 
of Ispahan. 
SARIATIM, a village of Anatolia, in Asiatic Turkey; 
21 miles south-west of Kiangari. 
SARIBUS, in Botany, a name given by Rumphius to a 
species of Corphya, See that article. 
S A R 675 
SARIGOL, a small town of European Turkey, in 
Macedon, situated on the river Inichori. It is a modern 
place, built since the conquest of the . country by the Turks, 
and is the capital of a very fertile and rich district. 
SARIGOY, in Zoology, a name by which some call the 
creature we know by the name of the opossum. 
SARIN ENA, a small town in the noith-east of Spain, 
in Arragon, where the Christians were defeated in a general 
engagement with the Moors in 1133; 23 miles south-west of 
Balbastro. 
SARINHAYM, a river of Brazil, on the south-east coast, 
and opposite to the island of Alero, which runs into the 
Atlantic. Lat. 8. 50. S. 
SARIO, in Ichthyology, a term used by some authors for 
the salmon when in the middle state of its growth, when it 
is past its younger state, in which'it is properly called salar, 
and is not yet arrived at what is properly called a salmon. 
See Salmo. 
SARISSA, in Antiquity, a very long spear used by the 
Macedonians. iElian says, that by the ancient usage they 
ought to be sixteen cubits in length; but that in fact they 
were but fourteen, ftvo cubits being allowed for the handle, 
and the other twelve to cover their bodies. 
SARISSUS, in Botany. See Hydrophylax. 
SARIZKO, a village of Tobolsk, in Asiatic Russia; 
400 miles north of Turuchansk, 
SARJEW RIVER. See Gocgrah. 
SARK, s. [jyjiic, pypc, Sax.] A common word, in our 
northern counties, for a shirt or shift.—Flaunting beaus gang 
with their breasts open, and their over their waistcoats. 
Arbuthnot. 
SARK, or Serk, a small island in the English channel, 
dependent on Guernsey. It is situated near the coast of 
France, extends about two miles in length, and as much in 
breadth, and contains about 300 inhabitants. The air here 
is serene, and remarkably healthy; and the soil, though 
generally hot and sandy, affords every necessary for the 
inhabitants, particularly apples, which make excellent cyder; 
also turnips, carrots, and other roots, with most kinds of 
grain. The pasture on the island, though short, is very 
sweet, and the mutton is fine. Milk and butter are produced 
to serve the island; but cheese is imported from England 
Ducks, mallards, wood-cocks, teal, and other wild fowl, 
abound here; and at some seasons the cliff pigeons almost 
cover the island. Here is great plenty of rabbits, and also a 
variety of sea fish. The knitting of stockings, gloves, and 
waistcoats, or Guernsey jackets, is much practised by the 
inhabitants, and forms the only manufacture of the island 
With these a trade is carried on to Bristol and some of the 
western ports, a supply of necessaries being brought back in 
return. Several small vessels are employed in this traffic. 
This island was seized, and in possession of the French, till 
the reign of queen Mary. Lat. 49. 30. N. long. 2. 52. W. 
SARK, a small river of Scotland, in Dumfries-shire, 
which has its rise in the western boundary of the parish of 
Canoby, and discharges itself into the Solway frith, about a 
mile from the place where the Esk runs into that arm of the 
sea. The Sark forms the boundary between the two king¬ 
doms for some miles. 
SARKAD, a small town of the east of Hungary; 8 miles 
north-north-east of Gyula, and 117 east-south-east of Peru 
Lat. 46. 44.30. N. long. 21. 22. 23. E. 
SARKFOOT, a small village of Scotland, in Dumfries¬ 
shire, at the mouth of the river Sark. It has a good harbour, 
which admits vessels of 120 tons burden. 
SARKHOLM, a petty island of the Baltic, in the gulf of 
Riga. It consists of a calcareous rock, covered with earth. 
SARLAT, a town in the south-west of France, the capital 
of an arrondissement in the department of the Dordqgne, 
situated on the river Sarlat. Except a few remains of Roman 
antiquities, it has nothing interesting; the houses being ill 
built, the streets narrow, and the adjacent country unpro¬ 
ductive. Before the revolution, it was the seat of a bishop. 
Population 6000; 30 miles south-east of Perigueux, and 98 
east-by-north of Bourdeaux. 
SARLEINSBACH, 
