S A R 
S A R 
only three of them are inhabited, viz., Calauvna, iEgina, 
and Salamis. 
SARONIDES, in Ancient History, ministers of religion 
among the Gauls, whose province it was' to instruct the 
youth, and to instil into their minds virtuous sentiments. 
SARONILLA, or Serranella, shoals off the island of 
Jamaica; 25 leagues west of Pedro shoals, and 37 west of 
Portland point. The middle of them lie in Lat. 16. 10. N. 
long. 80. 45. W. 
SAROS [2apo?], a period of two hundred and twenty- 
three lunar months. Suidas in voc. 2apo<. Mem. Acad. 
Inscrip, tom viii. p. 283. 
The etymology of the word is said to be Chaldean, signi¬ 
fying restitution, or return of eclipses; that is, conjunc¬ 
tions of the sun and moon in nearly the same place of the 
ecliptic. 
SAROS, or Scharos, a county in the north of Hungary, 
bordering on Austrian Galicia, from -which it is separated 
by the Carpathians. Its area is about 1400 square miles, and 
its population 142,000, a mixed race of Sclavonian, German, 
and Rusniac descent. It contains several lofty mountains, 
the chief of which are called Simonka and Oblik. The 
mineral springs are numerous; but there are as yet few 
metallic mines. On the other hand, there are some salt 
mines; also a mine of opals at Czervenitz. The cold is 
rather intense, on account of the vicinity of the mountains; 
but corn succeeds very well, and vines are cultivated in 
particular situations. The chief town is Eperies. 
SAROS, Nagy or Great, a small town of Hungary, in 
the county of Saros, to which it gives name. It was formerly 
a place of strength, but is now decayed, and has only 2000 
inhabitants. Large yearly fairs are, however, held here; 6 
miles north-west of Eperies. 
SAROSD, a small town in the west of Hungary; 14 miles 
south-south-east of Stuhlweissenburg. 
SAROSEL, in the Glass Trade, the name of the room 
into which the mouth of the leer opens, and in which the 
glass vessels are placed, when taken out of the leer. 
The men who attend to do this are called the sarole men. 
SAROS-PATAK, a considerable town of the north-east of 
Hungary, on the Bodrog. It is well built, contains 8000 
inhabitants, and has a Catholic, a Calvinist, and a Greek 
church. Here is also a Calvinist college, on a large scale, 
containing a valuable library, a set of philosophical instru¬ 
ments, and a large collection of minerals; 14 miles north- 
by-east of Tokay, and 125 east-north-east of Pest. Lat. 48. 
18.50. N. long. 21. 34. 28. E. 
SAROTHRA ['Ea.pcoOoov, Gr. a broom], in Botany, a 
genus of the class pentandria, order trigynia, natural order of 
rotacese, caryophylleae (Juss .)—Generic Character. Calyx: 
perianth one-leafed, five-parted, erect, permanent: segments 
linear, acute. Corolla ■. petals five (commonly), lanceolate- 
linear, obtuse, patulous, a little longer than the calyx, deci¬ 
duous. Stamina: filaments five, filiform, length of the 
corolla. Anthers roundish. Pistil: germ ovate. Styles 
three, filiform, length of the germ. Stigmas simple. Peri¬ 
carp : capsule oblong, acute, cne-celled, three-valved, co¬ 
loured. Seeds numerous, kidney-form, very small, fastened 
to the sutures of the capsule .—Essential Character. Calyx 
five-parted. Corolla five-petalled. Capsule one-celled, 
three-valved, coloured. 
Sarothra gentianoides.—This is an annual plant, and looks 
extremely like the whortle-berry bushes of America when 
they first begin to look green, and whilst the points of the 
leaves are yet red. Stem and branches very much branched, 
leaves very small, narrow and awl-shaped. Flowers axil¬ 
lary, solitary, sessile. Capsule small, membranaceous, fer¬ 
ruginous-red, sub-cylindrical, but very much attenuated and 
acuminate at the top, tubercled all over with the impressions 
of the seeds. Seeds sub-cylindrical, very finely striated 
both lengthwise and across, pale sulphur-coloured, hanging 
from the inner margins of the valves, by setaceous umbilical 
cords.—Native of Virginia, Pennsylvania and Philadelphia, 
growing abundantly in the fields and under the bushes, in 
a dry sandy ground, near the capital of the latter province. 
679 
SAROWY, an extensive district of Hindostan, province 
of Ajmeer, situated principally between the 25th and 26th 
degrees of northern latitude. It is possessed by several 
Rajpoot chiefs, who are all tributary to the rajah of 
Joudpore The country is hilly and unproductive, although 
watered by the Bah and Banass rivers. 
SAROWY, the capital of the above-mentioned district. 
It is the residence of the chief, who is one of the many 
tributaries of the rajah of Joudpore. Lat. 25. 32. N. long. 
73. 20. E. 
SARP, or Sarpen, a small town in the south of Norway, 
province of Christiansand. Near this is a cataract, of such a 
depth of fall that the noise of it is heard at the distance of 
several miles. In former ages criminals under sentence of 
death were precipitated into it; 10 miles west-south-west of 
Frederickstadt. 
SARPA, in Ichthyology, the name by which the salpa, 
a very beautiful fish of the Mediterranean, is known in the 
Italian Markets. 
SARPA, a river of Russia, which runs into the Wolga, near 
Tzaritzin. 
SARPA, a river in the east of European Russia, which 
joins the Wolga at Sarepta. 
SARPICULA, among the Romans, a term used by the 
old Roman writers to signify a pruning-hook. 
SARPLAR of Wool, a quantity of wool, otherwise called 
a pocket, or half sack ; a sack containing eighty tod, a tod 
two stone, and a stone fourteen pounds. 
In Scotland it is termed sarpliath, and contains eighty 
stone. 
SA'RPLIER, s. [sarpilliere , French.] A piece of 
canvas for wrapping up wares; a packing-cloth. Bailey. 
Unused. 
SARPOLE, in Ichthyology, a name given to the fish 
called by most authors salpa. 
SARRACENIA [so named by Tournefort, in honour of 
Dr. Sarrazin, regius professor of anatomy and botany, who 
sent this plant to him from Canada], in Botany, a genus of 
the class polyandria, order monogynia, natural order of suc- 
culentae. —Generic Character. Calyx : perianth double : 
lower three-leaved; leaflets ovate, very small, deciduous: 
upper five-leaved; leaflets sub-ovate, very large, coloured, 
deciduous. Corolla: petals five, ovate, bent in, covering 
the stamens: claws ovate-oblong straight. Stamina: fila¬ 
ments numerous, small. Anthers simple. Pistil: germ • 
roundish. Style cylindrical, very short. Stigma clypeate, 
peltate, five-cornered, covering the stamens, permanent. 
Pericarp: capsule roundish, five-celled. Seeds numerous, 
roundish acuminate, small.— Essential Character. Calyx 
double, three-leaved and five-leaved. Corolla five-petalled. 
Capsule five-celled, with the style having a clypeate stigma. 
1. Sarracenia flava, or yellow side-saddle flower.—Leaves 
near three feet high, small at the bottom, but widening gra¬ 
dually to the top : they are hollow, and arched over at the 
mouth like a friar’s cowl. The flowers grow on naked pedi¬ 
cels, rising from the root to the height of three feet, and are 
of a green colour.—Native of Carolina, Virginia, &c., upon 
bogs, and in shallow standing waters. 
2. Sarracenia minor, or small side-saddle flower.—Leaves 
smaller, tubular, erect; valve concave, nodding: 
3. Sarracenia rubra, or red side-saddle flower.—Leaves 
erect, tubular, valve flat; erect.—Both natives of Carolina, in 
bogs and wet places. 
4. Sarracenia purpurea,or purple side-saddle flower.—Leaves 
cowled, bellying, patulous, bowed.—This grows naturally 
upon bogs in most parts of North America; it has a strong 
fibrous root, which strikes deep into the soft earth, from 
which arise six or seven leaves, about five or six inches long, 
hollow like a pitcher, narrow at their base, but swelling out 
large at the top; outer sides rounded, inner side a little com¬ 
pressed, having a broad leafy border running longitudinally 
the whole length of the tube; to the rounded part of the leaf 
there is on the top a large appendage or ear standing erect, 
of a brownish colour. From the centre of the root, between 
the leaves, arises a strong naked foot-stalk, about a foot high, 
sustaining 
