S A S 
S A S 
684 
having been situated in the city portion of the works, though 
none can now be discovered. 
The article Architecture in this work contains (p. 94), 
a view and description of the castle of Old Sarum. 
The borough of Old Sarum has long been a subject of 
popular notoriety. Ever since the thirty-fourth year of 
Edward III. this place has continued to send two members 
to Parliament; and it was represented in the twenty-third 
year of Edward I. Whether this privilege, as now exer¬ 
cised, is derived from charter, or is a prescriptive right, 
does not appear from any published work: but at present 
the property of the borough is wholly vested in the Earl of 
Caledon, who purchased it of the late Lord Camelford. The 
burgage pieces or plots of ground are traditionally said to be 
the scites of the last houses which remained within the limits 
of the borough, and amounted to ten or twelve about one 
hundred years back. The houses appear to have constituted 
part of a street, which abutted on the Roman road, imme¬ 
diately on the south-west side of the circumvallated city. In 
the general election in the year 1802, there were five electors 
assembled here, besides the bailiff, who is the returning 
officer. 
John of Salisbury, one of the most eminent scholars of his 
age, was born at Old Sarum, in the early part of the twelfth 
century; but the exact date is not recorded. 
Stratford, called Stratford-under-the-Castle, is a parish 
extending along the valley on the eastern banks of the Avon, 
and derives its name from its position on the stream where 
the old Roman road crossed it: and thus was originally 
called Street-ford. Great part of the church of Stratford was 
built by an ancestor of the late Lord Camelford. Under an 
old tree near this church, is the spot where the members for 
Old Sarum are elected. 
SARUMILLA, a settlement of Peru, in the province of 
Caxamarquilla, where there are silver mines. 
SARUN, an extensive and valuable district of Hindostan, 
province of Bahar, situated about the 26th degree of northern 
latitude, and on the north-east side of the river Ganges. This 
district is one of the most prosperous for its size in the Bri¬ 
tish territories: the soil is fertde, and is watered by the 
Ganges, Gunduek, and several other streams. It is conse¬ 
quently very rich in pasture, and produces excellent cattle, 
and some horses. A great quantity of the saltpetre exported 
from Calcutfa, is manufactured in this district. The inha¬ 
bitants are said to be one-fourth Mahometans. Its chief town 
is Chuprach. 
SARWERDEN, or Altsarwerden, a small town in 
the north-east of France, in the department of the Moselle. 
Population 500. 
SARZANA, or Sarsana, a small but aucient town of 
the continental Sardinian states, in the Genoese territory, si¬ 
tuated on the Magra, 5 miles from its mouth. It is the see 
of a bishop, and contains 3500 inhabitants. It belonged 
originally to the grand duchy of Tuscany, but was given to 
Genoa in the 15th century, in exchange for Leghorn, which 
was then an inconsiderable place. The fortress of Sarzanello 
is situated on a mountain in the neighbourhood; 45 miles 
east-south-east of Genoa. Lat. 44.9. N. long. 9. 58. E. 
SARZEAU, a small town in the north-west of France, 
department of the Morbihan, containing, with its parish, 
5400 inhabitants. It has good fisheries; 7 miles south of 
Vahnes, and 18 west of Roche-bernard. 
SARZEDAS, an inland town of the north of Portugal; 
8 miles west of Castel Branco, and 117 east-north-east of 
Lisbon. It contains 3000 inhabitants, and some antiquities, 
being supposed to be the Oppidum Sarsidense of the Ro¬ 
mans. Particles of gold are found in a river at a little dis¬ 
tance, called the Liqa. 
SAS, a small river of Quito, in the province of Quixos 
and Macas. 
SAS DE GAND. See S.as van Ghent. 
SASANQUA, in Botany, altered from the Japanese name 
Sasankwa, a shrub nearly resembling tea, found in Japan, 
about Nagasaki; see Camellia and Thea. The leaves of 
camellia sasanqua, having, when dried, a fragrant smell, are 
used in the form of a decoction, by the Japanese women, 
for washing their hair. Thunberg informs us likewise, that 
these leaves are mixed with those of the tea shrub, to im¬ 
prove the odour of the tea. 
SAS AW A, a river of the Austrian states, which rises in 
Bohemia, flows through Moravia, and falls into the March 
near Hohenstadt, in the circle of Olmutz. 
SASCACHAWAN, or Saskatchiwine, a large river of 
North America, which rises in the Rocky Mountains, from 
whence also flow many of its branches, the two principal of 
which are denominated North and South branches, which, 
pursuing very winding courses to the east, for about 440 
miles in a direct line, join about 60 miles east of Hudson’s 
House, and their united streams then running north-east 
through Pine Island lake aud Cedar lake, fall into Lake 
Winnipic, in Lat. 51. 45. N. As far as Cedar lake, the na¬ 
vigation of this river is continually interrupted by falls and 
rapids; but above this lake it may be considered as navi¬ 
gable for canoes to near its sources in the Rocky Mountains, 
without a single portage. On this river, five principal fac¬ 
tories have been established by the North-west Company ; 
and its banks and the adjacent grounds are inhabited by 
various tribes of Indians, who live by hunting, and whose 
numbers are in proportion to their precarious mode of sub¬ 
sistence. 
SASCORBARA, a small town of the Popedom, in the 
duchy of Urbino. 
SASERAM, a town of Hindostan, province of Bahar, 
and district of Rhotas. This place was the favourite resi¬ 
dence of Shere Khan, the Afghan, who after having de¬ 
feated the Moguls in A. D. 1540, mounted the throne of 
Hindostan, and reigned with great vigour for five years. He 
was killed at the siege of Callinger, in 1545. His body was 
conveyed to this place, and buried on an island in the mid¬ 
dle of a small lake. A magnificent mausoleum was erected 
by his successor, which is still in good preservation, and 
likely to endure for ages. Lat. 25. N. long. 84. 5. E. 
SASH, s. [Etymology unknown or unsatisfactory.— 
From the old French word chassis, which, Cotgrave says, is 
“a frame of wood for a window'.”] A window so formed 
as to be let up and down by pullies. 
She ventures now to lift the sash; 
The window is her proper sphere. Swift. 
A belt worn by way of distinction; a silken band worn 
by officers in the army, and by the clergy over their cas¬ 
socks; a riband worn round the waist by ladies.—The 
ephod—did gird the tunick like a sash. Stackhouse 
She sees him now in sash and solitaire 
March in review with Milo’s strut and stare. Nevile. 
To SASH, v. a. To dress with a sash.—They are—so 
sashed and plumed, that they are grown infinitely more 
insolent in their fine clothes, even than they were in their 
rags. Burke. —To furnish with sash windows. 
SA'SHOON, s. A kind of leather stuffing put into a 
boot for the wearer’s ease. Ainsworth. 
SASI, or Sasin, in Mythology, a name of the Hindoo 
deity Chandra, or Soma, regent of the moon. The name is 
said by some Sanscrit scholars to be derived from the ante¬ 
lope; some species of this animal being spotted, or marked, 
something like the face of the moon. Sir W. Jones gives 
this interpretation in his hymn to Surya, or the sun, in w’hich 
he thus invokes the lunar orb : 
“ Thou nectar-beaming moon, 
Regent of dewy night-- 
From yon bright roe that in thy bosom sleeps. 
Fawn-spotted, Sasin hight.” 
SASIGNES, a general name, which, in Mr. Muller’s 
arrangement of the islands between Kamtschatka and Ame¬ 
rica, comprehends the following six; viz. Behring’s and 
Copper islands, and the nearest Aleutians, of Which Otma, 
Sarnia, and Anatto, are most eminent. 
SASINA, 
