SAX 
713 
SAX 
38. Saxifraga petrasa, or stone saxifrage.-—Leaves wedge- 
shaped, root-leaves entire and three-toothed, stem-leaves five¬ 
toothed, upper ones trifid, peduncles subtriflorous. Annual; 
very nearly allied to the preceding.—Native of the mountains 
of Lapland, Norway, Switzerland, Savoy, Carinthia, and 
DauphinA It flowers in April and May. 
39. Saxifraga adscendens, or wedge-leaved saxifrage.— 
Leaves palmate-three-parted, segments subtrifid, stem, 
branched ascending. A viscid plant, leafy all over, with 
the flowering stems only from the top, and not as in petraea, 
to which it is very nearly allied, branched very much every 
way into a bundle.—Native of the Alps and Pyrenees, Monte 
Baldo, the Hartz forest, &c. 
40. Saxifraga moschata, or musky Alpine saxifrage.—This 
. has the habit of csespitosa, but the leaves are much more 
slender, almost all of them undivided, triple-nerved beyond 
the middle. Petals yellowish, triple-nerved. Germ inferior. 
The herb is sweet-smelling and viscid.—Native of Switzer¬ 
land, the Pyrenees, Carniola, &c: 
41. Saxifraga csespitosa, or tulted Alpine saxifrage.—Root 
in tufts. Stem two inches high, erect, not very leafy, hairy. 
Root-leaves clustered, numerous, ciliate, blunt; stem-leaves 
alternate, commonly undivided, but sometimes three-parted. 
Flowers terminating, peduncled, erect, yellowish. Calyx 
hemispherical, hairy-viscid, with the segments blunt and 
denudated. Petals obovate, quite entire, triple-nerved. 
Capsule almost inferior. There are three varieties.—Native 
of Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Austria, Carniola, Silesia, 
Dauphine, Piedmont, and Wales. 
42. Saxifraga palmata, or palmata saxifrage.—Leaves hairy, 
palmate, quinquefid or trifid ; stem leafy, panicled ; petals 
roundish. Root-leaves numerous, in tufts, from the centre 
of which arises a simple erect flowering-stem, a hand high, 
round, hairy, surrounded at the base with several nearly up¬ 
right, shortish, leafy shoots or branches. Panicle erect, ter¬ 
minating, viscid, not very spreading, composed of five to 
seven or eight greenish-white flowers.—Native of Denmark 
and Wales. 
43. Saxifraga tricuspidata.—Root-leaves aggregate, wedge- 
shaped, ciliate, acutely three-toothed, stem ascending, race¬ 
mose ; petals lanceolate, three times as long as the calyx. This 
approaches a little in the form of the leaves to csespitosa, but it 
bears a flower like that of Hircules.—Native of Greenland. 
IV.—Leaves lobed; stems procumbent. 
44. Saxifraga cymbalaria, or yellow prostrate saxifrage.— 
Stem-leaves cordate, three-lobed and entire, stems procum- 
l>ent. Root-leaves greatly resembling those of Antirrhinum 
Cymbalaria, whence its trivial name.—Native of the Levant 
on Mount Ararat. 
45. Saxifraga-hederacea, or ivy-leaved saxifrage.—Stem- 
leaves ovate lobed, stem filiform flaccid. This is a small an¬ 
nual plant.—Native of the Levant. 
46. Saxifraga orientals, or eastern saxifrage. — Leaves 
roundish, five-lobed, stem very much branched, procumbent. 
This bears some similitude to Saxifraga Cymbalaria, but differs 
from it in the shining smoothness of all the parts, in the 
colour, smallness and expansion of the flowers, in the greater 
length of the stamens, and in having the flowering branches 
more elongated.—Native of the Levant. 
47. Saxifraga cuneata, or wedge-leaved white saxifrage.— 
Lower leaves petioled, wedge-shaped, five-lobed, stem-leaves 
sessile, lanceolate, stem ascending panicled. Corolla white. 
Germ inferior.—Native of Spain, near the mountains near 
Castell-fort. 
48. Saxifraga hypnoides, mossy saxifrage, or ladies’ 
cushion.—Leaves linear, entire or trifid, runners procumbent, 
stem almost naked, petals elliptic-oblong. Roots fibrous, 
long and slender, throwing out many procumbent leafy 
shoots, which grow matted together, forming thick tufts; 
from the common origin of these arises a solitary erect round 
stem, bearing two or three straggling linear undivided leaves, 
and terminating in an upright panicle of a few large white 
Vol. XXII. No. 1534. 
flowers.—Native of Britain, Denmark, Switzerland, Austria, 
and France. Tufts of it often clothe rocks, where the ine¬ 
qualities are filled with black turfy earth, on the mountains of 
Wales, Scotland, and the north of England, as on Snow¬ 
don, Ben Lomond, and Arthur’s Seat near Edinburgh, West¬ 
moreland, Yorkshire, Malham, Settle, &c.; Derbyshire in 
Dovedale and Middleton-dale. Also on Chedder-rocks in 
Somersetshire: flowering in May, and often again sparingly 
in July and August. 
49. Saxifraga globulifera.—-Stem bulbiferous; leaves 
nerved, the lower ones spatulate, quite entire, the upper ones 
palmate three or five-cleft, in the flowering-branch remote, 
linear.—This has the appearance of the preceding, and is 
scarcely distinct from it.—Found on the top of Mount 
Atlas. 
50. Saxifraga spathulata, or spatulate saxifrage.—Leaves 
spatulate, obtuse, ciliate, undivided, pedicels axillary, one- 
flowered. Stems in tufts, branched, slender, prostrate. Pedi¬ 
cels filiform, short. Corolla white, twice as long as the calyx. 
Petals obovate.—On the summit of Mount Atlas, near Belide. 
They both flower very early in the spring. 
Propagation and Culture. —All the saxifrages are easily 
propagated by offsets, or parting the roots in spring or 
autumn, observing always to give them the same kind of soil 
that they grow naturally in ; this does not, of course, apply 
to the annuals, which are propagated by seed. 
SAXIFRAGJE, in Botany, the eighty-fourth natural 
order in Jussieu’s system, the second of his fourteenth class; 
The characters of the order are these :—Calyx superior, or 
more frequently inferior, in four or five divisions. Petals 
four or five, rarely wanting, inserted into the upper part 
of the calyx, and alternate with its segments. Stamens as 
many, or mostly twice that number, inserted into the same 
place. Germen simple, superior, or rarely inferior. Styles 
and stigmas two. Fruit often capsular, of one or two 
cells, With many seeds; its summit with two valves; the par¬ 
tition formed by their inflexion. Corculum incurved, sur¬ 
rounding a farinaceous or somewhat fleshy mass. Stem gene¬ 
rally herbaceous. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite ; some¬ 
times thickish, or fleshy. 
Sect. 1. Fruit superior, capsular, terminating in two 
beaks. 
Heuchera, Saxifraga, Tiarella, and Mitella. To these the 
late Mr. Dryander properly added Galax. 
Sect. 2. Fruit inferior, capsular or pulpy. 
Chrysosplenium and Adoxa. 
Sect. 3. Genera allied to the Saxifragae. 
Weinmannia, Cunonia, and Hydrangea. 
Mr. Salisbury, in Sims and Konig’s Ann. of Bot. v. 1. 513, 
has suggested the propriety of establishing another seclion of 
this order, with an indefinite number of stamens, which is ex¬ 
emplified in Bauera, a genus named by Sir J. E. Smith, 
after one Bauer. 
SAXIFRAGE, Burnet. See Pimpinella and Anise. 
SAXIFRAGE, Golden. See Chrysosplenium. 
SAXIFRAGE. Red, Saxifraga lutea, a name given by 
some botanic authors to the silipendula, or dropwort. 
SAXIFRAGE, Yellow, Saxifraga lutea, a name 
given by Fuchsius, and some other authors, to the common 
melilot. 
SAXIFRAGE,,?. A plant. See Saxifraga. 
SAXIFRAGOUS, adj. Dissolvent of the stones in the 
bladder. The old physicians speak of saxifragous herbs; 
but the existence of such agents is not at present credited. 
SAXKIOBING, a petty sea-port of Denmark, in the 
island of Laaland, with 600 inhabitants; 10 miles west-by¬ 
north of Nyekiobing. 
SAXLINGIIAM NETHERGATE, a parish of England, 
in Norfolk; 3 miles north-east of St. Mary Stratton. Po¬ 
pulation 596. 
SAXLINGHAM THORPE, a parish in the same county; 
half a mile distant from the foregoing. 
SAXMUNDUM, a market town and parish of England, 
in the county of Suffolk, situated between Woodbridge and 
8 T Yoxford, 
