S C A 
S C A 
almost veinless, quite entire below, above and at the tip 
toothed: axils -woolly. Peduncles axillary, an inch 
long, bifid. Flower in the first forking pedicelled, as the 
rest of the flowers, but not sessile as in Plunder's plant; 
none in the second division. Pedicels short, sub-opposite. 
Bracte lanceolate, shorter than the pedicel, at the base of 
each pedicel, woolly within at the bottom. Calyx with five 
awl-shaped teeth. Corolla smooth, divided on one side 
almost to the base: tube hirsute within at bottom : segments 
of the border smooth, lanceolate. Filaments shorter by half 
than the tube of the corolla. Anthers distinct. Style villose 
at the base. Stigma shaped like a drinking-glass, the inside 
hirsute with a great abundance of white villose hairs. Fruit 
(which is here called a capsule,) five-cornered, with five 
raised lines, obovate, crowned with the calyx, smooth.—■ 
Native of the East Indies. 
8. Scaevola sericea.—Leaves obovate, villose, very soft, 
toothed at top. Branches brown, villose, muricated with 
the ranains of fallen leaves. Leaves scattered, three inches 
long, veinless, softly villose, yet green. Petiole inserted ob¬ 
liquely. Axils bearded. Panicle few-flowered, dichotomous, 
axillary. Bractes opposite at the base of the pedicels, lan¬ 
ceolate, a little recurved. Calyx five-parted, superior, with 
lanceolate segments. Corolla villose on the outside; tube 
very short, coriaceous; segments of the border lanceolate, 
obtuse, having a thin membrane at the side. Filaments in¬ 
serted into the base of the side, filiform, the length of the 
style. Anthers oblong, cohering a little under the stigma, 
rounded at the base, transverse at the tip. Style short, 
linear, three times as thick as the filaments. Stigma shaped 
like a drinking-glass, three times as wide as the style, green, 
pellucid, very finely toothletted at the edge. Pericarp glo¬ 
bular, villose, the size of a pea, crowned with the calyx. 
Propagation and Culture. —It is propagated by seeds, 
which must be procured frqm the countries of its natural 
growth, for the plants will not produce them in Europe; 
these seeds should be sown in pots filled with light sandy 
earth, and plunged into a hot-bed of tanner’s bark, where 
the plants will come up in about a month or five weeks, 
provided the bed is warm, and the earth often watered. 
When the plants are up, they should be kept in a temperate 
hot-bed, and frequently refreshed with water; but it must 
not be given them in large quantities, for they are very 
succulent, and subject to perish with much moisture, espe¬ 
cially while they are young. 
SCAFATI, a small town in the west of the kingdom of 
Naples, in the Principato Citra, on the Sarno. Population 
2300; 12 miles north-west of Salerno. 
SCAFELL, a mountain of England, in Cumberland, 
with two peaks, the highest of which is 3166, and the lowest 
3092 feet above the level of the sea. 
SCAFFA, or Barca di Garigliano, a small town in 
the north-west of the kingdom of Naples, in the Terra di 
Lavoro, on the river Garigliano; 9 miles east-by-north of 
Gaeta. 
SCAFFAJOLA, or Scalfagiuolo, a petty lake of Italy, 
in the duchy of Modena, south of Fanano, remarkable for 
its situation near one of the highest summits of the Appen- 
nines, called les Alpes de la Croix. Its length does not ex¬ 
ceed 200 yards, its breadth 100; and there is no truth in the 
popular notion, that a stone thrown so as to ruffle its surface, 
produces any mist or cloudiness in the surrounding atmo¬ 
sphere. 
SCAFFOLD, [eschafoul, French; schavol Dutch, from 
schawcn, to show.] A gallery or stage erected for the 
spectators of a show. 
Pardon 
The flat unraised spirit that hath dared. 
On this unworthy scaffold, to bring forth 
So great an object ‘ Shalcspeare. 
The gallery raised for the execution of criminals.—For¬ 
tune smiling at her fortune therein that a scaffold of execution 
should grow to a scaffold of coronation. Sidney.—A frame 
Vol. XXII. No. 1536. 
729 
of timber work for the workmen to stand on who are engaged 
in building high walls or houses. 
To SCAFFOLD, v. a. To furnish with a scaffold. 
SCAFFOLDAGE, or Scaffolding, s. The materials 
of scaffolds. But these words are generally used as synony¬ 
mous with scaffold. 
A strutting player doth think it rich. 
To hear the wooden dialogue and sound 
Twixt his stretch’d footing and the scaffoldage. Shalcspeare . 
SCAFTWORTH, a hamlet of England, in the county of 
Nottingham ; 1 mile south-east of Bawtry. 
SCAGGERAC. See Skagen, Cape of. 
SCAGGLETHORPE, a hamlet of England, East Riding 
of Yorkshire; 3| miles east-by-north of New Mai ton. 
SCAGLIOLA is an imitation of marble of any sort, with 
respect to which the artist succeeds in an astonishing degree 
with the most beautiful marbles, such as Sienna, jasper, 
brocatello, and porphyry: it is hard, and, when finished, 
bears a very fine polish. It is laid on brick in the manner of 
stucco, and worked off with iron tools. 
SCALA, a small town in the west of the kingdom of Naples, 
in the Principato Citra, formerly the see of a bishop, now 
united to that of Ravello. Population 1800. In the neigh¬ 
bourhood are some lead mines; 11 miles west-south-west of 
Amalfi, and 12 west of Salerno. 
SCALA, in Anatomy, the cochlea, or inner cavity of the 
ear, which is divided by a septum into two canals, called 
scala: : of which the one, looking towards the tympanum, 
is called the scala tympanic the other, having a communi¬ 
cation with the vestibulum, is called the scala vestihuli. 
See Anatomy. 
SCALA, in Ancient Architecture, denotes what in the 
modern we call a stair-case. 
SCALA (Bartolomeo), an Italian man of letters, was the 
son of a miller at Colle, in the Florentine territory; he was 
born about the year 1430, and coming to Florence in a state 
of indigence, he applied himself to learning with so much 
success, that he attracted the notice of Cosmo de Medici, 
who took him into his service, and brought him afterwards 
into public life. In the course of time, he attained the 
important offices of chancellor and gonfalonier of the repub¬ 
lic, and was enrolled in the senatorian and equestrian orders. 
In 1484, he was sent ambassador to pope Innocent VIII., 
who gave him the title of knighthood, and made him apos¬ 
tolic secretary. U pon his return, for some cause that is not 
known, he was excommunicated, which rendered it neces¬ 
sary for him to go again to Rome for absolution. His offices 
in the state were a source of great wealth, which he expended 
in a most ostentatious manner, having a superb palace in 
Florence, besides a magnificent villa near it, and appearing 
in public with a numerous retinue. Though he was never 
ashamed to acknowledge his mean parentage and original 
poverty, he spoke of himself in a high style of consequence, 
which was probably one cause of a quarrel with the cele¬ 
brated scholar Angelo Politiano; though the chief cause of 
this was his jealousy of the superior talents of Politiano, who 
was frequently applied to by Lorenzo de Medici to correct 
the dispatches drawn up by Scala. A literary contest was 
excited between them, which produced much mutual abuse. 
The reputation of Scala does not appear to have been in¬ 
jured by it, for he continued to live in prosperity, and held 
all his offices of profit, trust, and honour till his death, in 
1497. As a literary character, we have his “ Apologues,” 
which obtained the highest commendations from Landino 
and Ficino; “ Poems,” both in Latin and Italian ; t( Ora¬ 
tions and “ A General History of Florence," intended to 
consist of twenty books, but of which he only finished four, 
with part of a fifth, brought down to the time of Charles I. 
king of Naples. These were first printed at Rome in 1677. 
He had a daughter, Alessandra, equally celebrated for her 
learning and her beauty. She studied Greek under Lascaris 
and Chalcondiles. Some of her epigrams in that language 
are extant, with a Latin letter of her own composition. 
8 Z SCALA 
