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father of that science. Many errors, which escaped him 
at first, he corrected in a posterior publication, entitled 
** Thesaurus Temporum, complectens Eusebii Pamphili 
Chronicon, cum Isagogicis Chronologiee Canonibus.” This 
work was printed in 1658, in 2 vols. folio. His other 
principal works are, “ Notes upon Seneca’s Tragedies, Varro, 
Ausonius, Festus,” &c.; “ De tribus Sectis Judseorum 
“ Disserfatidn'es “ Poemata “ Epistolae,” which last are 
learned and valuable. Two collections of “ Scaligeriana” 
were published after his death, which did not add to his 
reputation. He is thought to have had less genius, but more 
learning, than his father; and he has been more serviceable 
to literature. 
SCAL1N, or Escalin, in Commerce, a base silver coin in 
the Netherlands. It weighs 3 dwt. 4j grs., contains in pure 
silver 44 grains, and in sterling value is 6d. 
SCAL1NATA, the name given to the elevated road for¬ 
ming a communication between the upper and lower part of 
the island of Capri, in the gulf of Naples. The ascent is by 
a stair cut out of the solid rock, and consisting of no less 
than 552 steps. The summit is 1500 feet above the level 
of the sea. 
SCA'LINESS, s. The state of being scaly. 
SCA'LL, s. [skalladan , bald, Icelandic] See Scald- 
head. —Leprosy; morbid baldness.—It is a dry scall, a 
leprosy upon the head. Lev. xiii. 30. 
SCALL'ION, s. [ascaIonia, Lat.] A kind of onion. 
See Allium. 
SCALL'OP, s. £ escallop , Fr.] A fish with a hollow 
pectinated shell. 
So th’ emperour Caligula 
That triumph’d o’er the British sea, 
Engag’d his legions in fierce bustles. 
With perewincles, prawns, and muscles; 
And led his troops with furious gallop, 
To charge whole regiments of scallops. Hudibras. 
The scallop is composed of two shells, which, as in many 
others, are one concave, and the other plane or flat. The 
cardo, or hinge, is lightly bent from the concave shell, and 
thence carried over a part of the plane shell, in the middle, 
and all the way between, it is firmly connected to a cartilage. 
In the middle of the length of the cardo there is placed ano¬ 
ther short, black, and very strong cardo. 
It is easy to see, from hence, to what is owing that remark¬ 
able strong power, which this creature has of shutting and 
opening its shell; and it is very possible, that by means of 
so strong an apparatus of tendons or ligaments as it has in 
this part, it may be able to move the plane shell in so swift 
and regular, as well as forcible and easy a manner, that it may 
use it in moving from place to place; and possibly it may 
make a sort of wing of it, to beat against the water, as the 
pinion of a bird does against the air; and what the ancients 
have so frequently said of its moving about in a very swift 
manner, from place to place, may be true, though we have 
been wanting in later observations to see it. 
For a more particular examination into the structure of this 
fish, see Philosophical Transactions, No. 299, p. 567. 
To SCALL'OP, v. a. To mark on the edge with seg¬ 
ments of circles. 
SCALLOWAY, an ancient town on the mainland of 
Shetland, lying on the south coast, at the bottom of a gulf 
of the same name, with an excellent harbour, both deep and 
safe. It is a small place, consisting of some scattered houses 
in the vicinity of the castle, which was built by one of the 
earlsof Orkney. Lat. 60. 9. N. long. 0.31. W. 
SCALMUS, among the Romans, a block or round piece 
of wood in a boat, to which the oars were tied with a thong 
of leather, called strappus. 
Scalmus was also used to denote the boat; a part being 
taken for the whole. 
SCALP, s. [schalpe, Dutch, a shell; scalpo, Ital.] The 
scull; the cranium; the bone that encloses the brain. 
White beards have arm’d their thin and hairless scalps 
Against thy majesty. ShaXspearc, 
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The integuments of the head. 
To SCALP, v. a. To deprive the scull of its integuments. 
—We seldom inquire for a fracture of the scull by scalping, 
but that the scalp itself is contused. Sharpe. 
SCALPA, a small island of the Hebrides, lying in the 
sound between the Isle of Skye and the Mainland, about five 
miles long, and from two to three broad. The surface is 
rocky and barren. In the highest part of the island is a 
petrified rock of moss, in which is a variety of shells; and 
in many of the high grounds are found great quantities of 
shells, several feet under ground. 
SCALPA, a small island of the Orkneys, near the main¬ 
land of Orkney. 
SCALPAY, one of the Harris isles. It is a low heath 
covered island, much intersected by arms of the sea jutting 
through it in various directions. Its extreme points may be 
about three miles distant. On the eastern extremity, a light¬ 
house was erected in 1788 ; and near its western extremity 
are two of the best harbours in the Herbrides. 
SCALP'EL, s [Fr.; scalpellam, Lat.] An instrument 
used to scrape a bone by surgeons. 
SCALPING, a barbarous custom in practice among the 
Indian warriors, of taking off the tops of the scalps of the 
enemies’ skulls, with their hair ou: these are-preserved as 
trophies of victory, and those who bring them are rewarded 
by their chiefs, in proportion to their number. 
SCALPRA DENTALIA, instruments used by dentists to 
take off those black, livid, or yellow crusts, which infest 
the teeth, and not only loosen and destroy them, but taint 
the breath. 
According to the varieties of the occasion, the dentist has 
these instruments of various shapes and sizes; some are 
pointed and narrow at the end ; others are broader pointed, 
and have edges; others are hooked, or falciform. 
The manner of using them is to begin near the gums, sup¬ 
porting the blade with the left hand, and scraping all along 
the tooth, till the crust is taken off, taking care not to wound 
the gums, or displace the teeth. Heister. 
SCALPRUM, [from scalpro, to rasp,] an instrument 
termed a raspatory, or rugine, used for scraping diseased por¬ 
tions of bone, removing the periosteum, &c. 
SCALTIiWAITERIGG, a village of England, in West¬ 
moreland ; 2 miles north-east of Kendal. 
SCA'LY, adj. Covered with scales.—The river horse 
and scalp crocodile. Milton. 
SCAMACHIE. See Schamachi. 
SCAMBAY, or Scambayo, a river of Peru, in the pro¬ 
vince of Cicasica, which runs north, and enters the Chu- 
quiabo or La Paz. 
To SCA'MBLE, v. n. This word, which is scarcely in 
use, has much exercised the etymological sagacity of Marie 
Casaubon; but, as is usual, to no purpose.—To be turbu¬ 
lent and rapacious; to scramble; to get by scrambling with 
others. 
Scambling, out-facing fashion, mong’ring boys, 
That lie and coy, and flout, deprave, and slander. 
Shakspearc. 
To shift awkwardly.—Some scambling shifts may be 
made without them. More. 
To SCA'MBLE, v. a. To mangle ; to maul.—My wood 
was cut in patches, and other parts of it scambled and cut 
before it was at its growth. Mortimer. 
SCA'MBLER, s. [Scottish.] A bold intruder upon one’s 
generosity or table. 
SCAMBLESBY, a parish of England, in Lincolnshire; 
6 miles north of Horncastle. 
SCAM'BLINGLY, adv. With turbulence and .noise; 
with intrusive audaciousness. 
SCAMFS, a beautiful village of the Swiss canton of the 
Grisons, in the Upper Engadine, on the Inn, situated in a 
district remarkable for a number of picturesque views among 
the Alps; 26 miles south-east of Coire. 
SCAMILLA IMPARES, in Ancient Architecture, a term 
much contended about among the critics, though, in effect, 
it 
