751 
S C A R A 
b marked with a double transverse line; the hind-shanks are 
four-toothed.—It is found at Milan, and very common in the 
corn-fields, and in the summer-time on trees. The body 
above is bay, beneath it is rough, with long red down. 
209. Scarabaeus sepicola.—Scutellate; head and thorax 
with green down; shells hairy, ciliate.—This is an Indian 
insect, as is the next. 
210. Scarabaeus syriacus.—Scutellate; head and thorax 
with green down; the shells are hairy. 
III.—Mandible straight. 
211. Scarabaeus goliathus.—The goliath beetle is very re¬ 
markable both in point of size and colour; it is larger than 
the Hercules, and has a rose-coloured thorax, marked with 
longitudinal black stripes or variegations, and purple-brown 
wing-sheaths; the head is divided in front into two forked 
processes; the limbs are black and very strong.—It is a 
native of some parts of Africa. There is a supposed variety 
that sometimes occurs, in which both the thorax and wing- 
sheaths are of a pale yellowish-brown instead of rose-colour, 
and they are marked with black variegations. 
212. Scarabaeus bifrons.—This is of a dull brassy colour ; 
the shells are brown, speckled with white; the shield is pro¬ 
jecting and bifid, the crown is hastate.—It inhabits South 
America. 
213. Scarabaeus polythemus.—Green, with white lines; 
the head is three-horned; the middle horn is projecting and 
bifid. 
214. Scarabaeus micans.—Green, polished ; shield project¬ 
ing, recurved, bifid; the fore-shanks are serrate.—It is found 
in divers parts of Africa. The head is carinate, with a small 
spine on each side between the eyes; the shield has two 
denticles in the middle, and two at the tip ; the shells are 
abbreviated, pointed, and polished; the sternum is project¬ 
ing, broad, and obtuse, with a fine longitudinal ferruginous 
line; the abdomen with an impressed point on each side the 
last segment. 
215. Scarabaeus auratus.—This species is of great beauty: 
it is about the size of the common garden-beetle, but of a 
flatter shape, and of the most brilliant, varnished, golden- 
green-colour, with the wing-shells varied towards the lower 
part, by a few slight, transverse, white streaks.—This very 
beautiful species is not uncommon during the hottest part of 
summer, frequenting plants and flowers; its larva, or cater¬ 
pillar, is commonly found in the hollows of old trees, or 
among the loose dry soil at their roots, and sometimes in 
the earth of ant-hills. It remains three years before it changes 
to a pupa, or chrysalis, out of which the insect emerges in a 
short time afterwards. When touched, it emits a moisture 
from the tail. 
216. Scarabaeus aeruginosus.—Gilt; above green.—This is 
an inhabitant of Calabria. 
217. Scarabaeus metallinus.—Brassy, opaque, immaculate ; 
beneath coppery..—It inhabits Italy, and is the Cetonia 
raetallica of Fabricius. The shell is thickened at the edge. 
218- Scarabaeus pubescens.—Dull, brassy ; edge of the 
thorax and segments, and two spots on the tail, white.—It 
inhabits the Cape. The front is cinereous, downy; thighs 
above with a large white spot. 
219. Scarabaeus erythropus.—Black; shield projecting, 
sinuate at the base on each side; border of the thorax and 
edge of the shells cinereous.—It inhabits the Cape. Between 
the antennae are frequently two cinereous dots; antennae of 
three long leaves; the last segment of the abdomen pro¬ 
minent, with two cinereous dots. 
220. Scarabaeus cordatus.—Black, polished; shield heart- 
shaped.—This also is an inhabitant of the Cape. The an¬ 
tennae are made up of three short leaves ; thorax immaculate ; 
shells hardly striate, black ; fore-shanks very much toothed. 
221. Scarabaeus albopunctans.—Black; thorax with white 
spots.—Found in divers parts of Italy. 
222. Scarabaeus Surinamus.—Thorax lobate behind; body 
black, silky; shells with yellow marginal spots.—It is found, 
as its specific name denotes, at Surinam. 
B M U S. 
223. Scarabaeus nitidus.—Thorax lobate behind; head 
with an incumbent spire; sternum horned.—It is found in 
Carolina. 
224. Scarabaeus lobatus.—Black, polished ; thorax lobed 
behind; shield emarginate; sternum horned.—It inhabits 
America. The thorax punctured, projecting behind ; shells 
with two raised lines meeting before the tip. 
225. Scarabaeus capuuchinus.—Pitchy ; thorax yellowish 
at the edge; sternum projecting.—It inhabits India. The 
hind-thigs are much compressed. 
226. Scarabaeus graculus.—This is excutellate, dull, livid ; 
thorax and shells spotted with black.—A specimen of this 
is in the museum of Sir Joseph Banks. In this the shells are 
gibbous behind ; sternum projecting and hardly horned. 
227. Scarabaeus cornutus.—Black, opaque, immaculate; 
fore-edge of the thorax slightly horned.—It is found at the 
Cape. 
228. Scarabaeus smaragdulus.—Yellowish, ferruginous; 
shells greenish ; sternum horned.—It inhabits America. The 
body is yellowish; the hind-shanks are punctured. 
229. Scarabaeus fascicularis.—Thorax with four white 
lines: the shells are of a greenish hue; the abdomen 
bearded.—It is found in Africa. 
230. Scarabaeus aulicus.—Green, polished; edge of the 
thorax and shells with white spots.—This species is found at 
the Cape of Good Hope. The head is marked with two 
small white spots before the eyes; the shield is emarginate; 
shells obtuse, green, with a white spot at the base, five spots 
on the edges, two on the back, and one at the tip; the 
abdomen has four lines of white dots, the last segment 
prominent, with two white spots; the hind-thighs are marked 
with a white spot. 
231. Scarabaeus signatus.—Thorax black, edged with 
white; the shells are testaceous; the suture and edge black. 
—This is found at the Cape. 
232. Scarabaeus marginatus.—Smooth, black; thorax and 
shells edged with rufous.—It is a native of Guinea, as is the 
next. The shield is emarginate; the thorax on the fore and 
lateral edge rufous. 
233. Scarabaeus ornatus.—Smooth, dull purplish; thorax 
and shells with a sinuate testaceous edge. 
234. Scarabaeus striatus.—Smooth, black, polished ; edge 
of the thorax testaceous, with a black spot; shield emarginate. 
—Inhabits Guadaloupe. 
235. Scarabaeus fasciatus.—This species is black; the edge 
of the thorax is testaceous; the shells are testaceous, with a 
black suture and indented band.—It inhabits Alexandria; 
as does the 
236. Scarabaeus thoracicus.—This is black; thorax 
ferruginous; the shells are black, with a purplish shade. 
237. Scarabaeus pictus.—Black ; thorax with five white 
lines; the shells are pointed and spotted with white.—This 
inhabits the East. It is characterized by its black head; two 
lines, and an occular spot on each side, are white; the scutel 
is triangular, black with a white line; the last segment of 
the abdomen is prominent, and white with a black line; 
the body beneath is white, with a black line down the 
middle. 
238. Scarabaeus elatus.—Black; the thorax is marked 
with three white lines; shells olive, the edge is black, dotted 
with white.—It inhabits Guinea. 
239. Scarabaeus atromaculatus.—Dark brown, polished; 
shells with black silky spots, and a white one behind.—It 
inhabits Tranquebar. The shield of this insect is reflected, 
slightly emarginate; the shells are striate; and the abdomen 
is marked with lateral white dots. 
240. Scarabaeus elegans.—Green, highly polished; the 
suture of the shells and dot at the tip white.—It is a native 
of Coromandel. The shield is slightly reflected, with a small 
recumbent spine; the first segment of the abdomen is 
marked with a testaceous edge ; the sternum is prominent, 
slightly recurved and obtuse. 
241. Scarabaeus venereus.—Coppery, polished ; thorax, 
scutel, and shells green. It inhabits Surinam and Jamaica. 
242. Scarabaius 
