S C A 
at Ferrara about the year 1560. He obtained the first 
rudiments of his art from his father, Sigismondo Scarsella, 
and afterwards went to Venice and studied Paolo Veronese 
principally, though he did not neglect Bassano. From 
thence he visited Bologna and Parma, to view the great 
works of the Lombard school. The improvement he de¬ 
rived from these careful researches, led him to great skilful¬ 
ness. and esteem; and he was employed, on his return to 
Ferrara, in painting numerous pictures for the churches and 
convents there. In the church of Sta. Maria Novella, there 
are three fine pictures, representing the Annunciation, the 
Visitation to St. Elizabeth, and the Assumption. One of his 
largest works is in the Benedictine convent in Ferrara, viz., 
the Miracle at Cana. 
The pictures of this ingenious painter are distinguished 
by. their fulness, freedom, and clearness: they were duly 
appreciated, and, as he was rapid, are numerous throughout 
Lombardy. He painted a few admirable portraits of emi¬ 
nent persons; though it was but rarely he could be prevailed 
upon to practise that branch of the art. He died in 1621, 
aged about 61. 
SCARCEMENT, a term signifying the small pedestal, 
or off-set, left in constructing earth fences, at the basis of 
them. They should constantly have a good projection, so 
that the fence may not slip, 
SCA'RCENESS, or Sca'rcity, 5. Smallness of quan¬ 
tity ; not plenty; penury. 
In this grave age, when comedies are few, 
We crave your patronage for one that’s new, 
And let the scarceness recommend the fare. Addison. 
Rareness; infrequency; not commonness.—-Since the va¬ 
lue of an advantage is enhanced by its scarceness, it is hard 
not to give a man leave to love that most which is most ser¬ 
viceable. Collier. 
SCARCL1FF, a parish of England, in Derbyshire; 9 
miles east-by-south of Chesterfield. Population 454. 
SCARCROFT, a township of England, West Riding of 
Yorkshire ; 6 miles south-west of Wetherby. 
SCARD, s. [pceapb, fragmen, from pcipan. Sax. to se¬ 
parate.] For shard ; a fragment of any brittle substance. 
( Provincial.) 
SCARDONA, a small town of Austrian Dalmatia, on 
the river Kerka; 8 miles north of Sebenico. It was once 
the most thriving town of Dalmatia, and is still surrounded 
by a wall and two forts. It is also a bishop’s see. Several 
Bosnian and Servian merchants are settled here. Popula¬ 
tion 1500. 
To SCARE, v. a. [scorare, Ital. or the Icel. skiar, vita- 
bundus, or sky, vitare.] To fright; to frighten; to affright; 
to terrify; to strike with sudden fear. 
My grained ash an hundred times hath broke, 
And scar'd the moon with splinters. Shakspeare. 
The noise of thy cross-bow 
Will scare the herd, and so my shoot is lost. Shakspeare. 
One great reason why men’s good purposes so often fail, 
is, that when they are devout, or scared, they then in the 
general resolve to live religiously. Calamy. 
SCARE, Great and Little, two rocks near the coast 
of Scotland, at the entrance into Luce bay; 6 miles east- 
north-east from the Mull of Galloway. Lat. 54. 44. N. 
SCARE, The, a bay on the south coast of Ireland, and 
county of Wexford; 5 miles east from Waterford harbour. 
SC A'RECROW, s. An image or clapper set up to fright 
birds: thence any vain terror. 
We must not make a scarecrow of the law, 
Setting it up to fear the birds of prey. 
And let it keep one shape, till custom make it 
Their pearch, and not their terrour. Shakspeare. 
A bird of the sea-gull kind; the black gull; common about 
the sea-coasts, and in the fens of Lincolnshire. Pennant. 
SCARE-CROW, in Ornithology, the name of a bird of 
the larus, or sea-gull kind, and the Sterna fissipcs of Lin¬ 
naeus. . . 
s C A 755 
SCA'REFIRE, s. A fright by fire; a fire breaking out 
so as to raise terror.—The drum and trumpet, by their se¬ 
veral sounds, serve for many kind of advertisements; and 
bells serve to proclaim a scarejire, and in some places water- 
breaches. Holder. 
SCARENA, a small town of the north-west of Italy, in 
Piedmont. Population 1200; 6 miles north-east of Nice. 
SCARF, [ escharfe, Fr. or from the Sax. paeapp, ves- 
timentum, slcarfwu.~\ Any thing that hangs loose upon the 
shoulders or dress. 
The matrons flung their gloves. 
Ladies and maids their scarfs and handkerchiefs, 
Upon him as he pass’d. Shakspeare. 
To SCARF, v. a. To throw loosely on. 
My sea-gown scarft about me, in the dark 
Grop’d I to find them out. Shakspeare. 
To dress in any loose vesture. 
How like a younker, or a prodigal. 
The scarfed bark puts from her native bay, 
Hugg’d and embraced by the strumpet wind! Shakspeare. 
[Slcarfwa, Swed. to join together.] To piece; to unite 
two pieces of timber together, in a particular way, by the 
extremities. A term of ship-carpenters. 
SCARFED, in the Sea Carpenter’s Language, is the same 
as pieced, or fastened, or joined in, and denotes a particular 
method of uniting two pieces of timber together by the ex¬ 
tremities. 
SCA'RFSKIN, s. The cuticle; the epidermis. 
SCARGILL, a hamlet of England, North Riding of 
Yorkshire; 3J miles south-west of Greta Bridge. 
SCARIFF, a small island on the south-west coast of 
Ireland; 5 miles west from Lamb’s Head. 
SCARIFICATION, s. [ scarificatio , Lat.] Incision of 
the skin with a lancet, or such like instrument. It is most 
practised in cupping. Quincy. —Hippocrates tells you, that, 
in applying of cups, the scarification ought to be made 
with crooked instruments. • Arhuthnot. 
SCARIFICATOR, s. [Fr. scarificateur .] One who 
scarifies. An instrument with which scarifications are made. 
The scarificator is made in form of a box, in which are 
fitted ten, twelve, or sixteen lancets, all perfectly in the same 
plane; which being, as it were, cocked, by means of a 
spring, are all discharged at the same time, by pulling a 
kind of trigger, and driven equally within the skin. Tilfof 
late they used little sharp cutting wheels, instead of lancets. 
The use of the scarificator is to evacuate the blood 
spread under the skin, by making a great number of aper¬ 
tures, or outlets, in it; which, being all struck at once, 
give much less pain than when struck successively. 
SCA'RIFIER, s. One who scarifies. The instrument 
with which scarifications are made. 
SCARIFIER, or Scarificator, an implement some¬ 
what of the hoe kind, made use of both on lands in the state 
of tillage and those under grass, when intended for the latter, 
being somewhat differently constaicted, and having frequently 
the names of sward-cutter or dresser applied to it. 
To SCA'RIFY, v. a. [scarifico, Lat.] To let blood by 
incisions of the skin, commonly after the application of 
cupping-glasses.—You quarter foul language upon me, with¬ 
out knowing whether I deserve to be cupped and scarified 
at this rate. Spectator. 
SCARIFYING MACHINE, an implement made use of 
for the purpose of scarifying land. See Scarifier. 
SCARISBRICK, a township of England, in Lancashire; 
5 miles north-west of Ormskirk. Population 1386. 
SCARLATINA FEBRIS, or Scarlet Fever. See 
Pathology. 
SCARLATTI (Alessandro II Cavaliere), born at Naples, 
in 1650, but studied at Rome under Carissimi. He was, 
however, the founder and support of the Neapolitan school 
of counterpoint. The first dramatic composition of this 
elegant, profound, and original composer, was “L’Onesta 
negl 
