S C H 
S C H 
and to paint, in competition with him, a picture for the 
church of the Santa Croce, representing the visitation of 
the Virgin to Elizabeth; and though his performance was 
not received as equal to that of his antagonist, yet he was 
not dismissed without a considerable share of applause. 
Tintoretto himself respected him highly as an artist, and as 
one of the greatest of the Venetian school; he is even said 
to have kept a picture of Schiavoni’s painting in his own 
room as a model for colour, though he condemned the in¬ 
correctness of the drawing. 
The necessity of providing for his subsistence, superadded 
to his natural taste, caused Schiavoni to work with rapidity; 
and his productions are characterized by that irregularity 
which necessarily attends such a mode of proceeding. They 
are always, however, fraught with grace and taste. His 
compositions are numerous and extended, managed with 
great dexterity, and executed with astonishing freedom. 
His attitudes and draperies are gracefully arranged, and the 
countenances of his figures, especially of his women, very 
agreeable, though he was by no means attentive to pro¬ 
priety of expression; or rather, like others of the Venetian 
school, it seems never to have been an object of attention 
with him. Colour, both in arrangement and execution, 
was the god of his idolatry; and to that he sacrificed every 
other requisite of the art. Two of the most admired works 
of this master are in the church of the Padri Teatini at 
Rimini, representing the Nativity and the Assumption of the 
Virgin. He died at Venice in 1582, at the age of 60. 
SCHICKARD (William), a learned astronomer and 
orientalist, was professor of the Hebrew language at 
Tubingen, in the early part of the seventeenth century. To 
his knowledge of the Hebrew language he added that of 
the Oriental tongues, which then began to be studied in the 
different European schools. He published several works in 
this department of literature, of which the most considerable 
were “ Beschinat Happeruschim; or, An Examination of 
the Hebrew, Chaldean, Cabbalistical, and Rabinnical 
Interpretations of the Book of Genesis“ Tarich,” or the 
series of Persian kings for nearly 400 years; “ De Jure 
Regio Hebrseorum“ Horologium Hebraeum,” or a method 
of teaching the Hebrew language in twenty-four hours, 
Schickard was also professor of mathematics, and was author 
of various inventions for giving summary views of the 
Copernican system, and of the lunar motions and appear¬ 
ances. He died of the plague in 1635. 
SCHIDLITZ, a small town of West Prussia, immediately 
adjoining to Dantzic, to which it is now united. Population 
1900. 
SCHIDLOW, a village of the Prussian states, on an island 
in the Oder; 18 miles south-by-east of Frankfort. 
SCHIDONI, or Schedone (Bartolomeo), was bom at 
Modena in 1560, He acquired the principles of the art of 
painting in the school of the Caracci; but when he left it he 
appears to have attached himself to the study of the works 
of Corregio; and no one has imitated the style of that 
incomparable master more happily than Schidoni. He had 
already acquired considerable reputation by some early 
performances in his native city, when Ranuccio, duke of 
Panna, took him into his service, and gave him a residence 
in his villa at Felegara, where he was at liberty to pursue his 
studies commodiously and in tranquillity. Here he painted 
several pictures for his patron; compositions of sacred 
subjects, and from the Roman history, in the adopted taste 
of Corregio ; which afterwards found their way to the royal 
Neapolitan collection. On his return to Modena, he 
painted his admirable frescoes in the Palazzo Publico, of the 
history of Coriolanus, and of seven emblematical figures 
also, in which he emulated the grandeur of style found in the 
Duomo of Panna. In the cathedral there is an admirable 
picture of his, of S. Geminiano restoring a dead child to 
life; which has often been honoured by being mistaken for a 
work of Corregio. He also painted portraits of the princes 
of the house of Modena, with an equal degree of merit. 
Large works by Schidoni are extremely rare, and even his 
771 
easel pictures of religious subjects. Madonnas, &c. are not 
frequently to be met with. He is said to have consumed 
much of his time in that powerful and unfortunate, pro¬ 
pensity to gaming, which wasted his substance, and dis¬ 
turbed his mind ; and at last to have fallen a sacrifice to it, 
not being able to overcome the mortification of having one 
night lost more than he was able to pay. He died at the age 
of 56, in 1616. 
The imitation of which we have spoken, runs through 
every part of Schidoni’s works. The actions of his figures, 
and particularly the delicate graceful airs of the head, and 
elegant turns of the limbs and fingers; the arrangement and 
management of the chiaro-scuro, in its breadth and tone, 
and the hues and impasto of the colouring of his pictures; all 
exhibit the characteristic qualities of his great prototype, 
and render it difficult sometimes to distinguish between them ; 
and, no doubt, many a work of the pupil has past, and been 
sold, for a production of the master. Their inherent merit, 
however, justly entitles them to very high estimation, and 
their rarity gives them an additional value. 
SCHIECH, orScHEioH, the title of an officer in Arabia, 
of high birth, which can come only by descent, and is pe¬ 
culiar to sovereigns, princes, and independent lords. Among 
the Bedouins this title belongs to every noble, whether of the 
highest or lowest order. Their nobles are very numerous, 
and compose almost the whole nation ; the plebeians are in¬ 
variably actuated and guided by the schiechs, who super¬ 
intend and direct in every transaction. 
SCHIEDAM, a considerable town of the Netherlands, in 
the province of South Holland, situated on the small river 
Schie, a short way from its influx into the Maese. It is built 
like other Dutch towns, contains a population of 9000, and 
is noted for its very numerous distilleries of gin (Hollands), 
of which there are no less than 200 in the town. This 
article forms its chief export; but the inhabitants take part 
also in the herring fishery. Schiedam has a small harbour, 
and is 4 miles west of Rotterdam, and 6 south-by-east of 
Delft. Eat. 51. 55. 9. N. long. 4. 24. 0. E. 
SCHIEDAM, a small island on the coast of Java, in Bata¬ 
via bay. 
SCHIEDLOWICE, a small town of Poland; 65 miles 
south of Warsaw, and 17 south-west of Radom. Population 
1500. 
SCHIERLING, a village of Germany, in Bavaria. This 
village was the scene of an obstinate conflict, on 20th April, 
1809, between the Archduke Charles and Buonaparte, gene¬ 
rally called the battle of Abensberg. The former was 
defeated, and, after an ineffectual attempt to check the 
advance of the French at Ratisbon, was obliged to retire, 
leaving open the road to Vienna. Population 500; 11 miles 
south of Ratisbon, and 10 east of Abensberg. 
SCH1ERMOND, or Schiermonikoog, a small island 
in the north of the Netherlands, on the coast of Friesland, 
to the north-east of the island of Ameland. Population only 
1100. 
SCHIERS, a district of the Swiss canton of the Grisons, 
containing 2900 inhabitants. 
SCHIERSTEIN, a large village of Germany, in the duchy 
of Nassau, near Wisbaden. 
SCHIEVELBEIN, or Sohiffelbein, a small town of 
Prussia, in Pomerania, on the river Rega. Population 1700; 
17 miles north of Dramburg, and 53 east-north-east of 
Stettin. 
SCHIFFBAU, a large village of the Prussian province on 
the Rhine, in the government of Dusseldorf, near Neersen. 
Population 1900. 
SCHIFFBECK, a small town of Denmark, in Holstein; 4 
miles east of Hamburgh. 
SCHIFFERSTADT, a large village of the Bavarian pro¬ 
vince of the Rhine. Population 1300; 8 miles north-north¬ 
west of Spire. 
SCIJILDA, a village of Prussian Saxony. Population 
800; 44 miles north-west of Dresden, and 8 south-south¬ 
west of Torgau. 
SCHILDBERG, 
