774 
S C H 
' SCHILLINGSTADT, a large village of the west of Ger¬ 
many, in Baden; 44 miles east of Heidelberg. 
SCHILPADS, two small islands in the Eastern Seas. Lat. 
4. 45. S. long. 129. 8. E. 
SCHILTACH, a petty town in the west of Germany, in 
Baden, on the small river Schiltach, in the valley of the 
Kinzag, with 1300 inhabitants ; 21 miles south-east of Offen- 
bnrg. 
SCHILTER (John), a learned jurist, was bom in 1632 at 
Pegan, in Misnia. He studied at Leipsic, and likewise at 
Jena: and he first settled as an advocate at Naumburg. He 
was appointed keeper of the archives to prince Maurice of 
Saxony, and in a few years afterwards he was nominated 
privy-counsellor to duke Bernard of Saxe-Weimar. After 
the death of that duke he removed to Strasburg, on being 
appointed counsellor and advocate of that city, and honorary 
professor in the university. He died there in 1705. As an 
author, the principal works of Schilter are; u Codex Juris 
Alemannici feudalis,” 3 vols. 4to. “ Thesaurus Antiquitatum 
Teutonicarum,” 3 vols. fol. “ Institutions du Droit 
Canonique,” 8vo. “ Institutiones Juris Publici,’’ 2 vols. 
8vo. “ De Pace Religiosa.” He likewise published a 
number of separate dissertations on subjects connected with 
what are denominated legal antiquities. 
SCHILTIGHE1M, a small town in the north-east of 
France, in the department of the Lower Rhine, with 1700 
inhabitants. 
SCHINELiEON, a word used by the ancients to ex¬ 
press an oil of mastick, or oil in which mastick was dis¬ 
solved. 
SCHINUS [2)jiyo$ of Athenseus. From <r%« findo, to 
cleave], in Botany, a genus of the class dioecia, order de- 
candria, natural order of dumosae, terebintaceae (Juss .)— 
Generic Character. Male—Calyx: perianth one-leafed, 
five-parted, spreading, acute. Corolla: petals five, oval, 
spreading, petioled. Stamina: filaments ten, filiform, length 
of the corolla, spreading. Anthers roundish. Pistil: rudi¬ 
ment without a stigma. Female—Calyx : perianth one- 
leafed, five-parted, acute, permanent. Corolla: petals five, 
oblong, spreading, petioled. Pistil: germ roundish. Style 
none. Stigmas three, ovate. Pericarp: berry globular, 
three-celled. Seeds solitary, globular.-r-Essenffa/ Charac¬ 
ter. Calyx five-parted. Female, berry three-celled. 
1. Schinus molle, or Peruvian mastic-tree.—Leaves pin¬ 
nate, leaflets serrate, with the end one very long, petioles 
equal. This rises with a woody stem, eight or ten feet high, 
dividing into many branches, covered with a brown rough 
bark.—Native of Peru. 
2. Schinus areira, or Brasilian mastic-tree.—This differs 
from the preceding only in having the leaflets entire, and all 
$qual in size.—Native of Brasil and Peru. 
Propagation and Culture. —These plants are propagated 
best by seeds, which must be procured from the countries 
where they naturally grow; and should be sown in pots 
filled with fresh earth, and plunged into a moderate hot-bed. 
If the seeds are good, the plants will appear in about five or 
six weeks: and, if they are properly managed, by admitting 
fresh air daily to them, according to the warmth of the sea¬ 
son, and are duly refreshed with water, they will be fit to 
transplant in about five or six weeks after, when they should 
be carefully turned out of the pots and their roots separated : 
then they must be each planted in a small pot, filled with 
soft loamy earth, and plunged again into a moderate hot¬ 
bed, shading them from the sun till they have taken fresh 
root; then they must be gradually inured to the open air, 
into which they should be removed soon after, placing them 
in a sheltered situation, where they may remain till autumn; 
but they must be removed into shelter before the first frosts, 
otherwise their tops will be killed, and thereby the plants are 
frequently destroyed. 
These plants being tender when young, require a little 
warmth in winter; but after two or three years growth, they 
will live in a good green-house, where, as they retain their 
leaves all the year, they will make a good variety. 
S C H 
SCHINZNACH, or Schintznach, a village in the north 
of Switzerland, in the canton of Aargau, noted for its mineral 
baths, near the right bank of the Aar; 6 miles north-east of 
Arau. 
SCHIO, a town of Austrian Italy, in the Venetian pro¬ 
vince of Vicenza, on the Timanjo. It contains 5000 inha¬ 
bitants, and has some manufacturing establishments, particu¬ 
larly of woollens; 24 miles north-east of Verona. 
SCHIPPENBEIL, a small town of East Prussia, on the 
Alle. Population 2000; 36 miles south-east of Konigsberg. 
SCHIPUNOVA, a town of Kolivan, in Asiatic Russia; 
88 miles south of Kolivan. 
SCH1PUNSKOI, a cape on the south-eastern coast of 
Kamtschatka. Lat. 53. 6. N. long. 159. 44. E. 
SCHIRAS. See Shiras. 
SCHIRGISVALDE, a small town of Saxony, in Upper 
Lusatia; 6 miles south of Budissin. 
SCHI'RRHUS. See Scirrhus. 
SCH1RVAN. See Shirvan. 
SCHIRWIND, a small town of Prussian Lithuania, at 
the confluence of the Scheschupe and the Schirwind, a small 
stream which forms for some miles the boundary between 
East Prussia and Poland. Population 1400; 28 miles east- 
north-east of Gumbinnen. 
SCH1SANDRA [so named by Michaux, from <rxi<ri$, a 
fissure, and avyo, a male; because the anthers are merely 
separated by fissures in the receptacle of the flower], in 
Botany, a genus of the class monoecia, order pentan- 
dria, natural order sarmentacese, menisperma (Juss.) — 
Generic Character. Male—Calyx: perianth of nine con¬ 
cave, coloured, deciduous leaves; the inner ones gradually 
smallest. Corolla none. Stamina : filaments none; anthers 
five, sessile on the receptacle of the flower, oblong; con¬ 
tiguous at the base; connected at the summit, above their 
cells; separated in the middle by chinks. Female—Calyx 
as in the male. Corolla none. Pistil: germens numerous, 
ovate, sessile on a receptacle which is finally elongated j 
style none; stigma pointed. Pericarp: berries obovate, sin¬ 
gle-seeded, forming a spike on the elongated thread-shaped 
receptacle. Seed ovate-oblong, somewhat cylindrical, nearly 
smooth.— Essential Character. Male—Calyx of nine 
leaves in three rows. Corolla none. Anthers nearly sessile, 
connected at the top. Female—Calyx as in the male. 
Corolla none. Pistils numerous, capitate. Berries single- 
seeded, attached to an elongated thread-shaped receptacle. 
Schisandra coccinea, or scarlet-flowered schisandra.— 
Found in the shady woods of Carolina and Georgia; flower¬ 
ing in June. Brought to England by Mr. John Lyon, in 
1806. Hort. Kew. —A climbing shrub, hardy, except in 
our very severe winters. The stem is smooth, slender, 
twining. Leaves stalked, alternate, ovate, pointed, wavy, 
smooth, three or four inches long; glaucous beneath. 
Flowers axillary, solitary, stalked, drooping; the internal 
leaves of their calyx of a fine scarlet; each flower about half 
an inch in diameter; the spike of ripe berries measuring in 
length rather more than an inch. The flower-stalks are 
about the length of the foot-stalks. They are neither 
stipulas nor bracteas. The genus is somewhat allied to 
menispermum. 
SCHISDRA, a river of the interior of European Russia, 
in the government of Riasan, which falls into the Wolga. 
SCHISM, s. [s chism e, Fr. o-%ier[s.a s, Gr. from a-yfi^a, to 
divide, to cut asunder. The word is pronounced sism, 
“ contrary to etymology; the occasion of this was, that our 
old authors wrote it sysmatihe, as Skelton, p. 108.”] A se¬ 
paration or division in the church.—When a schism is once 
spread, there grows at length a dispute which are the 
schismaticks: in the sense of the law the schism lies on that 
side which opposes itself to the religion of the state. Swift. 
SCHISM-BILL, the name of an act passed in the reign of 
Queen Anne, which restrained Protestant dissenters from 
educating their own children, and forbad all tutors or chool- 
masters being present at any conventicle, or dissenting place 
of worship. The queen died on the day when this act was 
to 
