SEN 
26 SEN 
gentium: this distinguished them from a third hundred 
added by the elder Tarquin, and called patres minorum 
gentium, fathers of the lower rank. 
In ancient Rome, the number of senators is commonly 
supposed to have been limited tb three hundred, from the 
time of the kings to that of the Gracchi. But this must not 
betaken too strictly. The senate generally had that number, 
or thereabout, and upon any remarkable deficiency, was 
filled up again to that complement by an extraordinary crea¬ 
tion. But as the number of the public magistrates increased 
with the increase of their conquests and dominions, so the 
number of the senate, which was supplied of course by those 
magistrates, must have been liable also to some variation. 
To what number Sylla increased them is not absolutely 
certain; but in Cicero’s time they were not less than four 
hundred and fifteen, as appears by his letter to Atticus, lib. i. 
ep. 14. 
In the time of Gracchus they were six hundred; during the 
civil wars they were reduced to three hundred. Julius Caesar 
augmented that number to nine hundred: the triumvirs to 
above a thousand : and Augustus reduced them to six hun¬ 
dred, according to Dion Cassius; and to three hundred, ac¬ 
cording to Suetonius. 
To hold the senatorial dignity, a yearly revenue of eight 
hundred thousand sesterces was required, which amounts to 
between six and seven thousand pounds of our money. 
Half as much was required for the qualification of the knights. 
The senators who sunk below this revenue, were discarded, 
and expunged out of the list by the censor. This qualifi¬ 
cation was increased by Augustus to twelve hundred thou¬ 
sand, or 10 , 000 /. sterling ; but this is not taken, by some, for 
an annual income, but the whole estate of a senator, real 
and personal, as estimated by the survey and valuation of 
the censors. 
SENATORIAL, or Senato'rian, adj. [ senatorius, 
Lat.] Belonging to senators; befitting senators. 
Go on, brave youths, till, in some future age, 
Whips shall become the senatorial badge. Warton. 
SENATO'RIALLY, adv. In a solemn manner; in a 
way becoming a senator.—The mother was cheerful; the 
father senatorially grave. Drummond. 
SE'NATORSHIP, s. The office or dignity of a senator. 
—From which step his courage and wisdom raised him 
by degrees to the sovereignty of Lucca, the senator- 
ship of Rome, the special favour of the emperor, and a 
near hope, only by death prevented, of subduing Florence. 
Carc-w. 
SENATUS-CONSULTUM, a vote, or resolution, of the 
Roman senate, pronounced on some ^question, or point of 
law, proposed to it. 
SENCE, a river of England, which rises in Leicestershire, 
and passing through Warwickshire, falls into the Anker, 
opposite Atherstone. 
SENCE, a small river of the island of Guadaloupe. 
To SEND, v. a. pret. and part. pass. sent, (jenban, 
Sax. senden, Dutch.] To dispatch from one place to an¬ 
other: used both of persons and things.—He sent letters by 
posts on horseback. Esther. 
My overshadowing spirit and might with thee 
I send along. Milton. 
To transmit by another; not to bring.—They sent it to 
the elders by the hands of Barnabas. Acts. —To grant as 
from a distant place: as, if God send life.—I pray thee send 
me good speed this day, and shew kindness unto my master. 
Gen. —To inflict; as from a distance.—The Lord shall send 
upon thee cursing, vexation, and rebuke, in all that thou 
settest thine hand unto. Deut. —To emit; to immit; to 
produce.—The water sends forth plants that have no roots 
fixed in the bottom, being almost but leaves. Bacon. —The 
senses send in only the influxes of material things, and the 
imagination and memory present only their pictures or 
images, when the objects themselves are absent. Cheyne. 
=—To diffuse; to propagate. 
Cherubick songs by night from neighbouring hills 
Aereal music send. Milton. 
When the fury took her stand on high, 
A hiss from all the snaky tire went round: 
The dreadful signal all the rocks rebound. 
And through the Achaian cities send the sound. Pope. 
To let fly; to cast or shoot. 
To SEND, v. n. To dispatch a message. 
I have made bold to send into your wife: 
My suit is that she will to Desdemona 
Procure me some access. Shakspearc. 
To SEND_/i>;\ To require by message to come, or cause 
to be brought. 
He sent for me: and, while I rais’d his head, 
He threw his aged arms about my neck. 
And, seeing that I wept, he press’d me close. Dry den. 
SEND, is used by seamen, when a ship, either at an 
anchor, or under sail, falls with her head, or stern, deep 
into the trough of the sea, i. e. into a hollow made between 
two waves, or billows. They say she sends much that way, 
whether it be a-head or a-stern. 
SEND, a parish of England, in Surrey; 3 miles south¬ 
west of Ripley. Population 392. 
SE'NDAL, s. [cendalum , low Lat., cendal, Fr. and 
Span.] A sort of thin silk : a word formerly much in use.— 
Lined with taffata and with sendallc. Chaucer.—Sendale 
—was a thinne stuffe like sarcenett, and of a rawe kynde of 
sylke or sarcenett. Thynne's Animadv. Chaucer. 
SENDEBAS, a village of Lower Egypt, on the eastern 
branch of the Nile ; 13 miles south of Semennud. 
SENDEN AND SENDENIIOllST, two small towns of 
Prussian Westphalia, in the government of Munster. The 
first, 7 miles south-south-west of Munster, has 2000 
inhabitants; the second, 11 miles south-south-east of 
Paderborn, has 1300. 
SENDER, s. He that sends. 
This was a merry message. 
—We hope to make the sender blush at it. Shakspearc. 
Love that comes too late. 
Like a remorseful pardon slowly carried. 
To the great sender turns a sour offence. Shakspearc. 
Best with the best, the sender, not the sent. Milton. 
SENDESE, a village of Lower Egypt, on the Kalitz il 
Menhi; 3 miles north of Behnese. 
SENDLING, a large village of Germany, in Bavaria, 
near Munich. In 1705, an armed assemblage of peasants, 
about 4000 in number, were cut in pieces here by the 
A licfriqno 
SENDOMIR. See Sandomir. 
SENEBIERA, in Botany, a genus of Decandolle’s, 
dedicated to Mr. John Senebier, a Genevan naturalist, who 
published a work upon Vegetable Physiology, in 1791. 
Decand. Mem. de la Soc. d’Histoire Naturelle, 142. De 
Theis, 427. 
SENECA (Lucius Anneeus), a celebrated philosopher, 
was born at Corduba, near the commencement of the Chris¬ 
tian era. His father was a man of equestrian rank, and 
an eminent orator, of whom some declamations and con¬ 
troversies are extant. His mother was Helvia, a Spanish 
lady of distinction. Being educated at Rome, he was early 
initiated in the study of eloquence by his father, and other 
masters; but his own propensity led him to devote his 
talents to the study of philosophy. He first joined the Py¬ 
thagoreans, whom he soon left for the Stoics: he, however, 
confined himself to no sect, but extended his inquiries to 
all the systems of Grecian philosophy. In conformity to 
the wishes of his fathpr, he pleaded some time in the courts 
of justice, and acquired by the practice a considerable re¬ 
putation ; but it is thought that he relinquished the "bar, 
through fear of the jealousy of Caligula, who was ambitious 
of oratorical fame. Entering into public life, he obtained 
the office of questor, and had risen to some consequence in 
the 
