S E R 
53 
S E R 
coast. The shell is whitish, singularly twisted, sub-umbili- 
cate, within glabrous. 
28. Serpula infundibulum.—The shell is round, white, 
transversely striate, and thrice twisted ; the first bend ap¬ 
pearing as if composed of five funnels placed on each other. 
29. Serpula pyramidalis.—Shell cinereous, above convex, 
beneath flat, pyramidal, hence its specific name, and it is 
many times twisted, the bends decreasing inwardly.—It is 
found in the Indian sea, adhering to testaceous substances 
about an inch long, open at the narrower end; sometimes 
it is straightish, or a little bent. 
30. Serpula denticulata.—The shell of this is white, 
round, subulate, straight, toothed at the sides, with a 
longitudinal glabrous rib in the middle ; the tip is a little 
incurved and glabrous.—It is found adhering to the Lepas 
tintinnabulum, and is about three-quarters of an inch long. 
31. Serpula melitensis.—Shell roundish, twisted, um- 
bilicate, with decussate striae, and longitudinal nodulous 
ribs, within smooth, with numerous divisions.—It is found 
fossile in Malta. The two first bends are placed on each 
other. 
32. Serpula Norwegica.—The shell of this is round, 
smooth, incurved, with a nearly obsolete undulate base: 
the mouth is obliquely truncate,—It is found, as its specific 
name denotes, in Norway. 
33. Serpula porrecta.—Shell round, smooth, polished, as¬ 
cending in a flexuous manner from the spiral base.—It in¬ 
habits the North seas. The shell resembles the serpula spi¬ 
rillum, but is whiter, pellucid, and not rugged; the inha¬ 
bitant is short, with a red back and paler sides. 
34. Serpula vitrea.—The shell is round, regular, spiral, 
orbicular, pellucid, shining, wrinkled, with a thickened 
aperture.—This species is found in the Greenland seas, on 
sertulariae, fuci, stones, and divers marine substances. It 
resembles the serpula glomerata; the shell is thick, umbili- 
cate, not a line in diameter, and sometimes it is of a reddish 
colour. 
35. Serpula cancellata.—Shell spiral, glomerate, with 
three grooves, the lower groove interrupted by transverse 
lines.—It inhabits the Greenland seas, and resembles the 
serpula granulata. Shell white, grey or geeenish, the aper¬ 
ture is two-toothed. 
36. Serpula stellaris.—Shell sub-orbicular, umbilicate, 
convex, radiate with wrinkles.—This also is found in the 
Greenland seas, on sertularise and stones. The shell is 
scarcely larger than a needle, violet, reddish-brown, or yel¬ 
lowish radiate with white; beneath it is flat, with a single 
whorl or bend; the aperture is very minute. 
37. Serpula gigantea.—The shell of this is somewhat tri¬ 
angular, with a little bend, gradually tapering, violet, within 
smooth, pale yellow, the aperture is white, with undulate 
strise, and armed with a conic tooth.—It inhabits Africa 
and America, attached to rocks and corals. The shell is six 
inches high, and as thick as the little finger. The inhabitant 
is whitish. 
38. Serpula cinerea.—The shell is filiform, glabrous, con¬ 
glomerate, perforated.—It inhabits the shores of Massilia; it 
is glabrous, of a greyish-white, and flexuous. 
39. Serpula sulcata.—Shell with two whorls, deeply and 
spirally grooved.—It inhabits the coasts of Pembrokeshire, 
on the roots of the fucus digitatus. It is a minute shell, of a 
greenish colour. 
40. Serpula ovalis.-—Shell sub-oval, imperforated.—It is 
found at Tenby. The shell has two bends, which form an 
oval; it is never perforated, and is minute. 
41. Serpula reflexa.—The shell is regular, rounded, with 
a reflected margin at the aperture.—This is found on the 
Pembrokeshire sands. It is minute; shell glossy, white, 
perforated; the aperture is above the plane of the spire. 
42. Serpula cornea.—The shell is regular, rounded, and 
pellucid, with three whorls.—This also is an inhabitant on 
the Pembrokeshire coast. It is brown and horny. 
43. Serpula bicornis.-—Shell semilunar, ventricose, white, 
opaque, glossy.—It is found at Sandwich and Reculver, and 
is minute. 
Von. XXIII. No. 1553. 
44. Serpula perforata.—Shell semilunar, perforated, white, 
opaque, glossy.—It inhabits Sandwich, as do all those that 
will be hereafter described. This is, however, as well as 
the next, very rare and minute. 
45. Serpula lactea.—The shell is ovate, thin, smooth, pel¬ 
lucid, with milky veins. 
46. Serpula lagena.—Shell rounded, striate, grooved, 
with a narrow neck.' This is described, as are all those which 
are found in this country, in Adatns’s work on the Microscope. 
The shell of this is exactly shaped like an oil-flask, and is 
whitish. 
47. Serpula retorta.—Shell rounded, margined, with a 
slender recurved neck. The shell is white, opaque, shaped 
something like the retort used by chemists. 
48. Serpula incurvata.—The shell is straight, with three 
close whorls at the smaller end. The shell is white ancl 
transparent, and resembles, in some respects, the nautilus se- 
milituus. 
SERPYLLUM, in Botany, sometimes written Serpillum, 
[so called from its humble creeping mode of growth], a 
name for Thymus. 
To SERR, v. a. [serrer , French.] To drive hard to¬ 
gether; to crowd into a little space. Unused. —The frown¬ 
ing and knitting of the brows is a gathering or serring of 
the spirits, to resist in some measure; and also this knitting 
will follow upon earnest studying, though it be without dis¬ 
like. Bacon. —Heat attenuates and sends forth the spirit of 
a body, and upon that the more gross parts contract and 
scrr themselves together. Bacon. 
SERRA PISCIS, in Ichthyology, a name given by many 
authors to the pristis or saw-Jish. 
SERRA is also a name given by Pliny to the trumpet-fish. 
SERRA, the general name of assemblages of mountains 
in Portugal, more particularly of a chain ; serra meaning, 
as in Latin, a saw. The principal of these are the Serra de 
Azenhao, St. Miguel, and St. Salvador in Alentejo; Cul- 
deirao and Monchique between Alentejo and Algarva ; 
Alcoba in Beira; Estrica in Entre Douro e Minho; Falperra, 
Marram, and Rebardaos, in Tras os Montes. 
SERRA SAN CHIRICO and Serra Petrona, two 
small towns in the east of Italy, in the marquisate of Ancona. 
SERRA CAPRIOLA, a small town of Italy, in the east 
part of the kingdom of Naples, province of Capitanata. 
SERRAIN, a small town of Hedsjas, in Arabia; 40 
miles south-west of Mecca. 
SERRAINA, a cape of the Mediterranean, on the south 
coast of the island of Sardinia. Lat. 39. 23. N. long. 9. 
31. E. 
SERRANA, or Pearl Island, a small island in the 
Carribean sea, so called from Serrana, commander of a 
Spanish vessel in the time of Charles V., who was shipwreck¬ 
ed on the coast, and who had lived on the island lor four 
years. Lat. 14. 50. N. loner. 78. 50. W. 
SERRANILLA ISLANDS, a cluster of small islands in 
the bay of Honduras. Lat. 16.10. N. long. 80. 10. W. 
SERRATA, a name given by some of the Roman au¬ 
thors to the Serratula, or saw-wort. 
SE'RRATE, or Serrated, adj. [serratus, Lat.] Formed 
with jags or indentures like the edge of a saw.—All that 
have serrate teeth are carnivorous. Bay. —The common 
heron hath long legs for wading, a long neck answerable 
thereto to reach prey, a wide throat to pouch it, and long 
toes with strong hooked talons, one of which is remarkably 
serrate on the edge. Derham. 
SERRATE FLIES, a name given by authors to certain 
flies, distinguished from all the other kinds by their having 
a weapon resembling a double saw, placed at the hinder 
part of the body; this serves several species of them to 
make holes in the branches of trees, in which they deposit 
their eggs. 
SERRATI, a name anciently given to Syrian, Roman 
consular, and some few other coins, which were ornamented 
by cutting out regular notches on the edges. Tacitus says, 
that the Germans preferred these to other Roman coins. 
But the old forgers imitated this kind of incision, which was 
P intended 
