SHIP-BUILDING. 
133 
called a trysail , used instead of a mizen-course, which it 
resembles: it is extended towards the stern, and is fastened 
by hoops round a small mast, called a trysail-urns/, fixed 
near the aft-side of the main-mast. 
The sails of a brig with two masts, are also similar to those 
on the main and fore-masts of a ship, excepting the main- 
sail, which is set in the plane of her keel, and is extended 
by a gaff at the head, and a boom on the foot; the fore-leech 
being fastened by hoops round the main-mast. 
Vessels with one mast, as sloops, cutters, smacks, hoys, &c., 
have a main-sail abaft the mast, as the brigs; before the 
mast they have a square-sail , or cross-jack, and above the 
cross-jack, a small sail called a saoe-a//-topsail; above that 
a topsail, which, on account of the hollow at the foot to 
clear the stay, is called a swallow-tailed-topsaW, and above 
it is the topgallaut-sail. Some large sloops have a royal 
above the topgallant-sail, and studding-sails set beyond the 
leeches of the square-sail. Before the mast is a fore-sail, a 
iib, and a flying-jib. Abaft the after-leech of the main¬ 
sail, in calm weather, is hoisted a ring-tail- sail; over the 
head of the main-sail, a ow^-topsail; and over the stern, 
under the boom, a water-sa\\. L „ 
There is an additional part added occasionally to the toot 
of some sails, called a bonnet : it is laced to the foot of the 
fore-sail, trysail, and storm main-sails, of some vessels with 
one mast, in moderate winds. It is made to correspond with 
the foot of the sail it is intended for, and has latchings in 
the upper part, by which it fastens through holes, made for 
that purpose along the foot of the above sails. 
Of boats, some have a main-sail, fore-sail, and jib, as 
sloops; others have /ag-sails. Some have sprit-sails, others 
latteen or settee- sails, according to their various uses, the 
fancy of their Owners, or the country to which they belong. 
The rigging consists of the tackle or ropes by which the 
sails are hoisted and furled, the masts steadied, means of 
ascension furnished to the sailors, and the ship fixed to or 
loosened from, her anchors. The shrouds are a series of 
powerful ropes attached on the one hand to the sides of the 
ship and on the other to the mast. They steady the mast 
laterally and being somewhat behind the mast prevent any 
strain forwards. The hindermost parts of the shrouds are 
called swiften. The shrouds are connected together and 
the horizontal ropes which connect them are called ratlines. 
See 20, 23, 24, 25, (fig. I. PI. HI.) Thefuttock shrouds 
26, 27, 28. And the upper shrouds 41, 42, 43. Stays are 
the ropes which prevent strains of the masts backwards, and 
serve Tor the attachment of stav-sails. They are fixed 
inferiorly to parts anterior to their respective masts: at fig. 1. 
PI. III. is seen th e fore-slay (7), the fore-preventer stay 
(8), the main stay (9), the main-preventer stay (10), the 
mizen- stay (11.) Then we have the fore-topmast stay 52 and 
fore-topmast preventer stay (53), main-topmast stay (54), 
and the main-topmast preventer (55), the mizen topmast 
stay 56. The fore-top gallant stay 64, the main-topgallant 
stay 65, the mizen-topgallant stay 66. The bowsprit has 
attached to it Horses 15, Gammoning 16, 17. Bobstays 
Dryden- 
S/iakspeari 
e. 
attacnea io u iiur»co iu, — a- iu-irc< 
18,19, shrouds 20; the uses of the bobstays and shrouds ^zek 
the yards; d, d,d, d, are yard tackle pendants ; e, e, e, e, 
reef tackle pendants; f, f, guy pendants; g, g, tracing 
lines to draw up the yard tackles out Of the way; h, n, 
jeers, to support the yards; i, the heel or top rope ; k, the 
troul/er; 4 /, quarter-blocks; m, m, tye-blocks. The 
description of the interior of the ship belongs properly to 
SHiP-BuifcDiNG, which see; 
SHIP, [pcip, jfe^p. Sax.; schap, Dutch.] A termina¬ 
tion noting quality or adjunct, as lordship; or office, as 
stewardship. 
To SHIP, v. a. [Sax. pcipian.] To put into a ship. 
My father at the road 
Expects my coming, there to see me shipp'd. Shakspeare. 
A breeze from shore began to blow, 
The sailors ship their oars, and cease to row; 
Then hoist their yards a-trip, and ail their sails 
Let fall. 
To transport in a ship. 
The sun no sooner shall the mountains touch. 
But we will ship him hence. 
Andronicus, would thou wert shipt to hell,. 
Rather than rob me of the people’s hearts. Titus Andronicus. 
It is sometimes enforced by off. 
A single leaf can waft an army o'er. 
Or ship off senates to some distant shore. Pope. 
In naval language, to receive into the ship: as to ship a 
heavy sea. 
SHIP COVE, a cove in Queen Charlotte’s sound, in the 
southern island of New Zealand. “ This harbour,” says 
Captain Cook, “ is not inferior to any in the sound, either 
for convenience or safety. It lies on the west side of the 
sound, and is the southernmost of three coves that are situ¬ 
ated within the island of Motuara, which bears east of it. 
Ship Cove may be entered either between Motuara and a 
long island called by the natives Hamate, or between Motu 
ara and the western shore. In the last of these channels are 
two ledges of rocks, three fathoms under water, which may 
easily be known by the sea-weed that grows upon them.” 
Lat. 41. 10. S, long. 175. 6. E. 
SHIP ISLAND, a small island of North America, which 
lies between Horn and Cat island, on the coast of West Flo¬ 
rida, and is about 10 miles south of the bay of Biloxi. It is 
9 miles long and 2 broad, produces pine trees and grass, and 
has a tolerable well of water in it. 
SHI'PBOARD, s. See Board. —-This word is seldom 
used but in adverbial phrases: a shipboard, on shipboard , 
in a ship. 
Friend, 
What do’st thou make a shipboard ?■ To what end ? 
Drydeti. 
Ovid, writing from on shipboard to his friends, excused 
the faults of his poetry by his misfortunes. Dry den. —The 
plank of a ship.—They have made all thy shipboards of 
fir-trees, and brought cedars from Lebanon to make masts. 
are to draw down and secure laterally the bowsprit, as well 
as to counteract the raising tendency of the foremast stay. 
The yards are hoisted to their masts by ropes called./cers, 
the fall of which passes to the capstan ; so far the main parts 
of the rigging and sails may fairly be understood from the 
engraving, but the tackle for hoisting, spreading, furling and 
altering the direction of the sails is necessarily so complex 
that we fear we shall not be able to give our readers very 
clear notions of the subject. The inspection of a ship or 
model, however, immediately render the uses of all these 
lines sufficiently clear. 
Fig. 2. of PI. III. contains the rigging in question ; a, a, a, 
a, <i,°point otit the horses ; these are for the sailors to stand 
upon when furling or loosing the sails. The short lines 
that attach these ropes to the yards are called stirrups— 
short horses at the end of the yards, are called Flemish 
horses ; b, b, b, b, b, are lifts to raise or depress the yards ; 
C, C, c, c, c, c, are traces ; they serve to alter the direction of 
Vol. XXIII. No. 1559. 
SHIPBORNE, a parish of England, in Kent ; 3| miles 
north-north-east of Tunbridge. 
SHIPBOY, s. Boy that serves in a ship. 
Few or none know me: if they did. 
This shipboy's semblance hath disguis’d me quite; 
Shakspeare. 
SHIPBROOK, a hamlet of England, in Chester; 2 miles 
south-east of Norwich. 
SHIP-BUILDING, s. The art of building navigable 
vessels. The beginning of this noble art was, of course, a 
most perfect contrast with its present state. The first navi 
gable vessels were neither strong nor durable; but consisted 
only of a few planks laid together, without beauty or orna¬ 
ment, and just so compacted as to keep out the water. In 
some places, they were only the hulks or stocks of frees hol¬ 
lowed, and then consisted only of one piece of timber. Nor 
was wood alone applied to this use; but any other buoyant 
2 M materials 
