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course of time to some other action, or other incident, ima¬ 
ginary or otherwise; and thus marks the event, or action, 
either as precarious, or as accidental, or in a comparative 
view, or as Certain; and carries in it frequently an intimation 
of natural or civil right and title to a thing, and gives the 
highest assurance.— White. 
There is another signification now little in use, in 
which should has scarcely any distinct or explicable mean¬ 
ing. It should he differs in this sense very little from it is. 
There is a fabulous narration, that in the northern countries 
there should be an herb that groweth in the likeness of a 
lamb, and feedeth upon the grass.— Bacon, Nat. Hist. 
SHO'ULDER. s. [pculbpe, Saxon; scholder, Teut. 
—The joint which connects the arm to the body. The 
head of the shoulder- bone being round, is inserted into 
so shallow a cavity in the scapula, that, were there no other 
guards for it, it would be thrust out upon every occasion.— 
Wiseman. The upper joint of the foreleg of edible animals. 
—He took occasion from a shoulder of mutton, to cry up 
the plenty of England.— Addison. The upper part of the 
hack. 
Emily dress’d herself in rich array; 
Fresh as the month, and as the morning fair, 
Adown her shoulders fell her length of hair. Dryden. 
The shoulders are used as emblems of strength, or the act 
of supporting. 
Ev’n as thou wilt, sweet Warwick, let it be; 
For on thy shoulders do I build my seat. Sha/cspeare. 
A rising part, a prominence. A term among artificers. 
■—When you rivet a pin into a hole, your pin must have a 
shoulder to it thicker than the hole is wide, that the shoulder 
slip not through the hole as well as the shank.— Moron. 
SHOULDER, in Block-Making, a projection made upon 
the surface of blocks, pins, &c. by reducing one part to a 
less substance. 
To SHO'ULDER, v. a. To push with insolence and 
violence. 
You debase yourself, 
To think of mixing with th’ ignoble herd: 
What, shall the people know their god-like prince 
Headed a rabble, and profan’d his person, 
Shoulder'd with filth ? Dryden. 
So vast the navy now at anchor rides, 
That underneath it, the press’d waters fail, 
And with its weight it shoulders oft’ the tides. Dryden. 
To put upon the shoulder.—Archimedes’s lifting up Mar- 
cellus’s ships finds little more credit than that of the giants 
shouldering mountains.— Glanville. 
SHO'ULDERBELT, s. A belt that comes across the 
shoulder. 
Thou hast an ulcer, which no leech can heal. 
Though thy broad shoulderbelt the wound conceal. 
Dryden. 
SHO'ULDERBLADE, s. The scapula; the blade bone 
to which the arm is connected.—If I have lifted up my hand 
against the fatherless, when I saw my help in the gate, then 
let my arm fall from my shoulderblade, and mine arm be 
broken from the bone.— Job. 
SHOULDER-BLOCK, a large single block, left nearly 
square at the lower end, of the block, and cut sloping 
in the direction of the sheave. Shoulder-blocks are used 
on the lower yard-arms, to lead in the topsail-sheets, and 
on the topsail-yards, to lead in the top-gallant-sheets; and 
by means of the shoulder they are kept upright, and prevent 
the sheets jambing between the block and the yard : they 
are also used at the lower outer end of the boomkins, to lead 
in the fore-tacks. 
SHO'ULDERCLAPPER, s. Abailiff. Stevens. Unused. 
A back friend, a shoulder clapper, one that commands 
The passages of alleys, Sha/cspeare. 
Fear none but these same shouldcrclappers. Decker. 
SHOTJLDERKNOT, s. An epaulette; a knot of lace or 
S H 0 
riband worn on the shoulder.—Before they were a month 
in town, great shoulderknots came up : strait, all the world 
was shoulderknots.' — Swift. 
SHOULDER-OF-MUTTON SAIL, a triangular sail, 
similar to the lateen sail; but attached to a mast instead of a 
yard. 
SHO'ULDERSHOTTEN, adj. Strained in the shoulder. 
SHO'ULDERSLIP, s. Dislocation of the shoulder.— 
The horse will take so much care of himself as to come off 
with only a strain or shoulderslip. — Swift. 
SHOULDHAM, a parish of England, in Norfolk; 6 
miles north-east of Market Downham. Population 507. 
SHOULDHAMTHORPE, a parish in the above county; 
within a mile of the foregoing. 
SHOUMSHU, or Choumachoo, one of the Kurile 
islands, the nearest to Asia; 36 miles long, and 20 broad. 
The eastern coast is very steep ; there are large lakes abound¬ 
ing with fish, and an herb from which the natives extract 
brandy. There are mines, from which a small quantity of 
silver has recently been extracted. There are counted only 
44 male inhabitants paying tribute to Russia; 10 miles 
south from the northern point of Kamtschatka. 
SHOUT, s. A shout is no other than the Saxon par¬ 
ticiple pece, (of pcican, to cast forth,; differently spelled, 
and applied to sound thrown forth from the mouth.— 
Horne Tooke. —A loud and vehement cry of triumph or 
exhortation. 
Thanks, gentle citizens r 
This general applause and cheerful shout, 
Argues your wisdom and your love to Richard. Shakspeare. 
To SHOUT, v. To cry in triumph or exhortation. They 
shouted thrice: what was the last cry for ? Shakspeare. 
To SHOUT, v. a. To treat with noise and shouts: with 
at. —As common, so old, fashions are in disgrace: that man 
would be shouted at that should come forth in his great- 
grand-sire’s suit, though not rent, not discoloured! Bp. 
Hall. 
SHO'UTER, s. He who shouts. 
A peal of loud applause rang out. 
And thinn’d the air, till even the birds fell down 
Upon the shouters' heads. Dryden. 
SHO'UTING, s. Act of shouting ; loud cry.—He shall 
bring forth the head-stone thereof with shoutings, crying, 
Grace, grace unto it. Zed/. —There are noises, huntings, 
shoutings. B. Jonson. —Nothing but howlings and shout - 
ings of poor naked men. More. —Shrieks and shoutings 
rend the suffering air. Dryden. 
To SHOW, v. a. pret, showed and shown ; part. pass. 
shown, [pceapan, Sax.; schowen, Dutch. This word is 
frequently written shew.] To exhibit to view, as an agent. 
If I do feign, 
O let me in my present wildness die, 
And never live to shew the incredulous world 
The noble change that I have purposed. Shakspeare 
I through the ample air, in triumph high, 
Shall lead hell captive, maugre hell, and show 
The powers of darkness bound. Milton. 
To afford to the eye or notice; as a thing containing or 
exhibiting. 
Nor want we skid or art, from whence to raise 
Magnificence; and what can Heav’n show more? Milton. 
To make to see. 
Not higher that hill, nor wider, looking round, 
Whereon for different cause the tempter set 
Our second Adam in the wilderness, 
To show him all earth’s kingdoms and their glory. Milton . 
To make to perceive. 
The inclement seasons, rain, ice, hail, and snow, 
Which now the sky with various face begins 
To show us in this mountain, while the winds 
Blow moist and keen. Milton. 
To 
