216 
SILK. 
them parallel, so that the warp, being put into the loom, will 
have no slack threads, nor any which are strained too tight. 
Formerly, this operation was performed by stretching the 
threads out at length in a field, or by extending them in a 
frame, and winding them backwards and forwards over pegs. 
The warping machine now universally employed is shewn in 
fig. 6, where A A is a tressel or stool, which supports the 
small bobbins b, b, upon which the silk is wound. The num¬ 
ber of these is equal to the number of threads which the warp 
of the intended piece of stuff is to have in its breadth. The 
threads from all these bobbins are drawn over wires d, d, 
which are in front of the bobbins, and are then all brought 
together, and passed through an opening in a piece of wood 
D; this conducts the threads all together upon a large reel 
E E, which is supported in a frame F F F, and turned round 
by meaus of a pulley at the lower end of its axle, from 
which an endless band is continued to a second wheel G, 
mounted on a spindle, and turned by a handle. This latter 
spindle is supported in a sort of stool H, upon which a child 
sits down, and at the same time turns the handle and puts the 
reel in motion, so as to draw the warp or assemblage of 
threads off from the several bobbins* and lay it upou the 
reel E. The piece of wood D is fitted upon one of the up¬ 
right pieces, F, of the frame, to slide freely up and down 
upon it, and is suspended by a cord, which, after passing 
over a pulley f is wrapped round the spindle of the machine 
ate.- by this means, the motion of the reel, E, draws the 
cord, and raises up the piece D, so as to lay the warp upon 
the circumference of the reel, in a regular spiral, from one 
end to the other, and prevent the coils lapping one upon an¬ 
other. When the required length of warp is wound upon the 
reel, the ends of all the threads are cut off, tied together, and 
thus drawn off from the reel and rolled up into a large ball, 
in which state the weaver takes it, and mounts it in his 
loom. 
For the subsequent operations of weaving, we shall refer 
to the article Weaving. 
Statement of the quantities of raw and thrown Silk, im¬ 
ported into all the ports of Great Britain; the official 
values assigned in each of the eleven years, 1814— 
1824:— 
Quantities. Quantities. 
Years. Thrown. Official Val. Haw. Official Val. 
lbs. £. ' lbs. £. 
1814.. 645.722....774.867_ 1,634,501.... 703,009 
1815.. 357.739_429,287_ 1,442,594_ 601,968 
1816.. 192,130_230,590_ 945,792_ 365,219 
1817.. 245.592....294.712.... 932,102.... 398,545 
1818. .456,972... .548,365.... 1,644,647.... 708,365 
1S19. .287,645_345,175 ...1,483,546_ 621,648 
1820. .333,295... .399,954- 2,213,918.... 985,157 
1821.. 339.032_406,837_ 2,118,646- 935,000 
1822.. 492.594....591.113.... 2,052,934.... 943,966 
1823. .359,642_431,570_ 2,452,130_1,067,265 
1824. .333,652... .401,583.... 3,382,357.... 1,464,994 
Statement of the official-arid declared values of Silk Manu¬ 
factures, exported from Great Britain to all parts of the 
World (except Ireland) in each of the eleven years, 1814 
— 1824:— 
Years. 
Official Values. 
Declared Values. 
£. 
£. 
1814.. 
....173,348. 
1815.. 
....622,120 
1816.. 
....161,874. 
1817.. 
_152,734. 
1818... 
....167,559. 
1819.. 
_126,809. 
....376,798 
1820.. 
....118,370. 
....371,114 
1821.. 
....136,402. 
....373,938 
1822.. 
....141,007. 
1823... 
....350,880 
1824... 
,... 159,648. 
Statement of the number of square yards of Silk charged 
with Excise Duty in each of the eleven years, 1814— 
1824:— 
Years. Silk, @ 6d. 
1814 .821,180 
1815 .770,506 
1816 .704,948 
1817 ..848,935 
1818 .501,609 
1819 .534,226 
1820 .638,350 
1821 .747,780 
1822 .876,766 
1823 .768,495 
1824 .. 
The act of 7 Geo. IV. cap. 53., entitled, « An Act to re¬ 
gulate the Importation of Silk Goods until the 10th of Octo¬ 
ber, 1828, and to encourage the Silk Manufactures by the 
Repeal of certain Duties,” enacts, that from and after the 
5th of July 1826, until the 10th of October 1828, the fol¬ 
lowing rates of duties shall be payable, viz.:— 
Silk ; raw, knubs or husks. lb. 
r not 5 Single®. 
Thrown < ^ ( Organzine & Crape. 
f dyed J fogies or Tram. 
^ £ Organzine & Crape. 
Manufactures of Silk only, or whereof nine- 
tenth parts are of Silk, and no part is of 
Gold, Silver, or other Metal.lb. wt. 
d. 
1 
0 
0 
0 
0 
8 
Stuffs 
Gauze - 
Plain. 
I Figured .... 
' Plain 
' Figured 
. Tissue or brocaded. 
"Plain.. 
I Striped, figured, or bro. 
I Mixed with cotton > Plain.. 
f thread or worsted 5 St. or F. 
f Common . 
Crape ■< Lisse. 
t China, plain or figured.... 
Velvets or Cp. a ‘ n j. 
chacs J Fl g ured . 
r c 11 J Shot with cotton or > Plain 
ofSllks ( thread only.... 5 Figr. 
Plain. 0 15 > 1 10 0 
, Figured. 0 17 j 1 16 0 
| Of Gauze, Plain or Figured.... 1 11 2 10 0 
5 Plain.. 
i Figured 
- Vdv "'->FiS.4 
Fancy Silk, net or tricot 
There is no provision against any of the following articles 
being mixed with gold or silver:— 
£. 
Stockings; the dozen/' than 9oz.4 
9 .... 12 oz. 3 
\— Satin.. 
d. 
0 
0 
s. 
0 
0 
10 
1 
pairs (or if Half\ ^ 
Stockings, the two / .S / 12 .... 16 1 
dozen pairs) ^ lb. > 16 .... 24 1 
weight , not weigh- / u \ 24 .... 32 0 16 
ing more \ ® ) 32 .... 0 12 
and further lb. if with figured or laced work.. 0 12 
Stocking web.^ lb. 0 12 
Gloves... 0 15 
Plain silk lace, called net or tulle. square yard 0 1 
Silks, the produce of and imported from places within 
the limits of the East India Company’s Charter, viz.:— 
Bandannoes 
