S I M I A. 
beneath it is of a yellow-grey; over the eyes to the ears is a 
hand. One variety is black; and another is white; the tail 
is longer than the body. It is from eighteen inches to two 
feet in height. 
36. Simia talapojg.—This is tailed and bearded; the 
cheeks are bearded ; the ears, nose and soles of the feet black. 
—It inhabits India. The body is of a brownish-green, and 
elegant. A variety is of a black colour. The head is round¬ 
ish ; the face is tawny, with a few black hairs; the ears are 
like those on the human subject: the breast, belly and thighs 
on the inside are of a dusky flesh-colour; it is extremely 
gentle and playful, and is of the size of a cat. 
37. Simia petaurista, or agile monkey.—This animal is 
tailed and bearded ; its back, upper part of the tail, anterior 
parts of the legs, dark olive; its face is black, and the nose is 
marked with a triangular white spot.—It inhabits Guinea; 
and is, like the last, gentle and docile; it is little more than 
a foot high, though the tail is twenty inches long. 
38. Simia maura, or negro monkey.—This is tailed and 
bearded ; the cheeks, whole face, except the region extend¬ 
ing from the eyes to the tip of the nose, are bearded; the 
body is of a reddish brown.—It inhabits Ceylon and Guinea; 
is active and gentle. The tail is longer than the body; the 
face is tawny and flesh-coloured; the feet and hands are 
black, naked and soft. In a sitting posture it is only about 
seven inches high. 
39. Simia rolowa.—This species is tailed and bearded; the 
head, back, and outside of the hands and feet, are black; the 
inside, belly, and circular beard, enclosing a triangular face, 
are white.—This is an inhabitant of Guinea; is gentle and 
docile. The beard is long and forked : it is eighteen inches 
long, with a tail of the same length. 
40. Simia nasua.—This has no beard; the face is long, 
slender, naked, flesh-coloured; the nose is projecting.—It 
inhabits Africa, and is good tempered. The head is covered 
with thick longishhair, falling backwards; the ears are small, 
pointed, and almost naked ; the hair on the upper parts and 
limbs is long, rusty-brown mixed with black; on the breast 
and belly it is ash-coloured; the tail is very long: in a sit¬ 
ting posture it is only two feet high. 
41. Simia luteola, or yellow monkey.—In this species the 
tusks are very large; the ears also are large, black, naked; 
the cheeks have long pale-yellow locks reversed.—It inhabits 
Guinea. The crown, upper parts of the body, arms and 
thighs, are of an ash-colour, mixed with yellow ; the lower 
parts are cinereous; the face is black, with long hairs over 
the eyes; the throat and breast are of a yellowish-white ; the 
hair is coarse; the tail is as long as the body, and it is about 
the size of a fox. 
42. Simia fulva, or tawny monkey.—This has tusks in the 
lower jaw, which are long; the face is long, and of a flesh- 
colour ; the nose is flatfish. The hair on the upper part of 
the body is pale tawny, though cinereous at the roots; the 
hind part of the back is of an orange-colour; the legs are 
cinereous and the belly white. It is of the size of a cat.—It 
inhabits India. Pennant, who seems to be the only describer 
of this animal, took the description from one in an exhibition 
in London, which was an extremely ill-tempered animal. It 
is said to vary with a black face, and long black hairs on the 
cheeks; the body is of a dull pale-green; the limbs are grey 
and the tail dusky. 
43. Simia viridens.—The face of this is black; the cheeks 
have long black hairs ; the body is of a pale-green ; the limbs 
are grey ; the tail is dusky. It is thought by some naturalists 
not to be a distinct species, but a variety of the Simia 
fulva. 
44. Simia hircina.—Face naked, blue, obliquely ribbed; 
the beard is long, and like that of a goat; the tail is long, 
and the body of a deep brown. 
45. Simia regalis.—To this species there is no thumb; the 
head, cheeks, throat and shoulders, are covered with long 
coarse flowing hairs.—It inhabits the forest of Sierra Leona. 
The head is small; the face is short, black, naked; the toes 
are long and slender; the nails are narrow and pointed; the 
Vol. XXIII. No. 1566. 
229 
tail is long, covered with snow-white hairs, and a tuft at the 
end; the body and limbs are slender: it is three feet high. 
The skin of this animal is, by the natives, made into pouches 
and gun cases. 
46. Simia bodia, or bay monkey.—This has no thumbs; 
the tail is long, slender and black; the body and limbs are 
slender.—It inhabits Sierra Leona. The crown is black; the 
back is of a deep bay; limbs on the outside black ; cheeks, 
under parts of the body, and legs, of a bright bay. 
47. Simia fusca, or brown monkey.—The tail shorter than 
the body, alternately annulate with dark and light-brown. 
The face is flat; the cheeks and forehead are covered with 
long hairs; the body above is of a tawny-brown, belly cine¬ 
reous ; hands black and naked. 
IV.—Tails prehensile; no cheek-pouches; haunches covered. 
These are denominated Sapajous. 
48. Simia Beelzebul, or bearded black monkey.—By Pen* 
nant it is denominated the preacher monkey. It is tailed’ 
bearded and black. The tail at the tip and feet are brown- 
—It inhabits South America; wanders in herds at night, and 
howls hideously; it is exceedingly fierce; the beard is 
round and black ; the hair long, black apd smooth. 
49. Simia seniculus, or old man of the woods.—This is 
tailed and bearded; the colour is red. The body is uniformly 
of a dirty red; it has a mouth like that of the human subject, 
placed in the anterior part of the face; the chin is prominent 
and it is as large as a middling-sized calf. This, which by 
some has been regarded as a variety of the Simia beelzebul, 
is denominated by Mr. Pennant the royal monkey. There 
were formerly two in the Leverian Museum, which were 
probably young, being of the size of a squirrel. They were 
entirely of a very bright ferruginous or reddish chesnut colour, 
with the face naked and black, surrounded on the lower parts 
by a straggling beard of black hairs, and the tail was strongly 
prehensile.—This species is common in Cayenne, but very 
rare in Brazil: on the contrary, the former species is very 
common in Brazil, but is not found in Guiana. Both species 
have the same voice and manners. The following is an in¬ 
teresting description given by an observer, who had seen and 
kept these animals at Cayenne:— 
“ The Allouates, or howlers, inhabit the moist forests, in 
the neighbourhood of waters or marshes. They are com¬ 
monly found in the woody islets of large flooded savannahs, 
and never on the mountains of the interior of Guiana. They 
go in small numbers, often in pairs, and sometimes singly. 
The cry, or rather horrible rattling scream which they make, 
may well inspire terror, and seems as if the forest contained 
the united howlings of all its savage inhabitants together. 
It is commonly in the morning and evening that they make 
this clamour: they also repeat it in the course of the day, 
and sometimes in the night. The sound is so strong and 
varied, that one often imagines it produced by several of 
the animals at once, and is surprised to find only two or 
three, and sometimes only one. The allouate seldom lives 
long in a state of captivity: it in a manner loses its voice, or 
at least does not exert it in the same manner when wild. 
The male is larger than the female, which latter always 
carries her young on her back. 
“ Nothing is more difficult than to kill one of these ani¬ 
mals. It is necessary to fire several times in order to suc¬ 
ceed, and as long as the least life remains, and sometimes 
even after death, they remain clinging to the branches by 
the hands and tail. The sportsman is often chagrined at 
having lost his time and ammunition for such wretched 
game ; for, in spite of the testimony of some travellers, the 
flesh is not at all good ; it is almost always excessively tough, 
and is, therefore, excluded from all tables: it is merely the 
want of other food that can recommend it to needy inha¬ 
bitants and travellers.” 
50. Simia paniscus—This is the four-fingered monkey of 
Pennant; it is tailed, black, beardless, and without a thumb ; 
hence its trivial name. This animal is distinguished by the 
gracilitv of its body and limbs; its uniform black colour, 
3 N except 
