S 0 R 
358 SOP 
a hard wood : branches ferruginous, tomentose.—Native of 
Jamaica and other islands of the West Indies. 
8. Sophora Japonica, or shining-leaved sophora.—Leaves 
pinnate; leaflets many, ovate, smooth; stem arboreous. 
Branches round, even, purplish.—Native of Japan. 
9. Sophora heptaphylla, or seven-leaved sophora.—Leaves 
pinnate; leaflets seven, smooth.—Native of the East Indies. 
Podalirias. 
10. Sophora Capensis, or vetch-leaved sophora.—Leaves 
pinnate; leaflets numerous, lanceolate, hoary beneath, point¬ 
ed; legumes tomentose; stem shrubby.—Native of the Cape 
of Good Hope. 
11. Sophora aurea, or golden-flowered sophora.—Leaves 
pinnate; leaflets numerous, elliptic, sharpish, very smooth 
above, almost naked beneath; legumes smooth; stem shrub¬ 
by. This is a shrub, the height of a man.—Native of Africa. 
12. Sophora argentea, or silvery-leaved sophora.—Pe¬ 
tioles two-leaved, spinescent; leaflets silky-tomentose, ob¬ 
long, acute at both ends.—Native of Siberia, on sandy hills, 
in the Songarian desert, by the river Bekun. 
13. Sophora genistoides, or broom-leaved sophora.— 
Leaves, ternate, sessile; leaflets linear, mucronate, revolute at 
the edge.—Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
14. Sophora ternata, or ternate-leaved sophora.—Leaves 
sessile; leaflets lanceolate, silky.—Native of the Cape of 
Good Hope. 
15. Sophora australis, or blue sophora.—Leaves ternate, 
petioled; leaflets obovate-lanceolate, obtuse; stipules lan¬ 
ceolate, acute, twice as long as the petiole.—Native of Ca¬ 
rolina. 
16. Sophora tinctoria, or Dyer’s sophora.—Leaves ter¬ 
nate, petioled; leaflets roundish-obovate, obtuse, mucronate; 
stipules obsolete, oblong, acute, many times shorter than the 
petiole.—Native of Barbadoes and Virginia. 
17. Sophora alba, or white sophora.—Leaves ternate, pe¬ 
tioled ; leaflets oblong, obtuse; stipules filiform, shorter 
than the petiole.—Native of Virginia and Carolina. 
18. Sophora lupinoides, or lupin leaved sophora.—Leaves 
ternate, petioled; leaflets elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse, pubes¬ 
cent; stipules lanceolate, longer than the petiole.—Native of 
Kamtschatka. 
19. Sophora trifoliata, or three-leaved sophora.—Leaves 
ternate, petioled; leaflets ovate, silky.—This and all that 
follow are found at the Cape of Good Hope. 
20. Sophora calyptrata, or veiled sophora.—Leaves sim¬ 
ple, elliptic, somewhat rugged above, beneath villose and 
netted-veined; peduncles one-flowered; calyxes villose, 
having a deciduous veil at the base. 
21. Sophora biflora, or two flowered sophora.—Leaves 
simple, ovate, subtomentose; peduncles two-flowered; ca¬ 
lyxes thrust in at the base, tomentose, coloured. 
22. Sophora myrtillifolia, or round-leaved sophora.— 
Leaves simple, elliptic-obovate, obtuse, cusped, silky on 
both sides; peduncles one-flowered. 
23. Sophora hirsuta, or hairy sophora.—Leaves simple, 
hirsute, the upper ones ovate, the lower roundish; branches 
round; segments of the calyx lanceolate, and length of the 
wings. 
24. Sophora buxifolia, or box-leaved sophora.—Leaves 
simple, oval, smooth above, silky beneath; peduncles one- 
flowered ; calyxes thrust in at the base, tomentose, coloured. 
25. Sophora cordata, or heart-leaved sophora.—Leaves 
simple, ovate, hirsute. 
Propagation and Culture .—The two first species may 
be raised from seeds, which sometimes ripen in this coun¬ 
try. They may also be increased by cuttings and layers. 
They will bear our climate, if planted against a wall, where 
they may be covered with mats, to protect them from severe 
frost. 
The 4th increases fast enough by its creeping root. 
The 5th, 6th and 7th must have the protection of a stove; 
and may be propagated by seeds, when they can be pro¬ 
cured from the countries where they grow naturally. 
The 15th, 16th and 17th may be propagated by seeds 
sown on a warm border, at the beginning of April, in shal¬ 
low drills. All the others are dry stove plants. 
SOPHRONISTiE, \jZo<poovi$a,i, Gr.] among the Athe¬ 
nians, were ten officers, appointed to take care that the 
young men behaved themselves with sobriety and modera¬ 
tion. 
SOPHRONISTERIUM, [foppovtwpiov, Gr.] among the 
Athenians, a house of correction, like our Bridewell. 
SOPING, a district or principality of the island of 
Celebes, and anciently one of the most powerful in the 
country. It extends partly along the western shore of the 
bays of Boni and Tolo, To the north it is bounded by a 
great lake, and on the south it borders on Lamoeroe, and is 
partly mountainous. Its chief production is rice. The 
natives are very warlike, and were always set on to dissen¬ 
sions by the crooked policy of the Dutch. In 1775, Soping 
was governed by its own king. 
SOPLEY, a parish of England, in Southampton- 
shire ; 2J miles north-by-west of Christ Church. Popula- 
tion 589. 
To SO'PORATE, v. n. [soporo , Lat.] To lay asleep. - 
SOPORI'FEROUS, adj. [soporiferc , Fr. Cotgrave; 
soporifer, Lat. from sopor and feral] Productive of sleep ; 
causing sleep; narcotic; opiate; dorinitive; somniferous; 
anodyne; sleepy.—The particular ingredients of those 
magical ointments are opiate and soporiferous; for anoint¬ 
ing of the forehead, neck, feet, and back-bone, procures 
dead sleeps. Bacon. 
SOPORI'FEROUSNESS, *. The quality of causing 
sleep. 
SOPORI'FIC, adj. Causing sleep; opiate; narcotic. 
—The colour and taste of opium are, as well as its soporifck 
or anodyne virtues, mere powers depending on its primary 
qualities. Locke. 
SO'POROUS, adj. [soporus, Lat.] Sleepy; causing 
sleep.-—In small syncopes it may perhaps rouse the spirits a 
little, but in soporous diseases it is commonly an uncertain 
and ineffectual remedy. Greenhill. 
SO'PPER, s. One that steeps any thing in liquor. 
SOPRA, a river of Hindostan, which rises in the province 
of Malwah, and falls into the Chumbul. 
SOPWORTH, a parish of England, in Wiltshire; 7^ 
miles west-by-south of Malmsbury. 
SORA, a town of Naples, in the Terra di Lavoro, on the 
Gorigliano, with 7200 inhabitants. It is the see of a bishop; 
60 miles north-west of Naples. Lat. 41. 47. N. long. 13; 
36. E. 
SORACA, a river of South America, in New Granada, 
and province of Tunja. There is a settlement of the same 
name on its shores. 
SORAGNA, a small town of Italy, in the duchy of 
Parma, on the river Strone; 13 miles north-north-west of 
Parma. 
SORALA, a small tovrn of Sweden, in Helsingland, on 
the river Luisna. 
SORANUS, one of the most able of the physicians of the 
methodic sect, according to the opinion of Cselius Aurelianus, 
and the one who put the finishing hand to that system, was 
a native of Ephesus. His father’s name was Menander, and 
that of his mother Phoebe. He studied medicine, and after¬ 
wards practised it at Alexandria, but at length he settled at 
Rome, and was in considerable repute in that metropolis in 
. the reigns of Trajan and Adrian. His character, indeed, 
seems to have been highly estimated; for he was in favour 
with all parties. Even Galen, who was violent in his oppo¬ 
sition to the Methodists, and abused Thessalus with some 
acrimony, speaks favourably of the knowledge of Soranus; 
and bears his testimony, from experience, to the efficacy of 
some of his remedies. Soranus composed several works, 
none of which have come down to us in their proper form ; 
but as Cselius Aurelianus, in his treatise “ De Morbis Acutis 
et Chronrcis,” every where acknowledges himself to be a 
translator from the Greek of Soranus, that work may, be 
considered as in substance the production of the latter. 
Some confusion prevails among medical writers, who mis¬ 
take 
