SPA 
452 SPA 
SPANTIKOW, a village of Prussia, in Pomerania 
circle of Anclam. 
SPANTON, a hamlet of England, North Riding of York¬ 
shire, near Kirby Moorside. , 
SPAR, s. Spar is a mixed body, consisting of crystal 
incorporated sometimes with various mineral, stony, earthy 
or metallick matter. Woodward. —Some stones, as spar of 
lead, dissolved in proper menstruums, become salts. Newton. 
To SPAR, v. a. [ppappan, Sax , sperren, German ; for¬ 
merly sper; “ To speryn or shut.” Prompt. Parvi] —To 
shut; to close; to bar.—He it sparred with a keie. Chaucer. 
The other, which was entered, labour’d fast 
To sperre the gate. Spenser. 
Calk your windows, spar up all your doors. B. Jonson. 
SPAR, s. [ sparre , Teut. See To Spar.] A small beam; 
the bar of a gate.—Trees sprout not cross like dry and sap¬ 
less beams, nor do spars and tiles spring with a natural 
uniformity into a roof. Pearson. 
To SPAR, v. n. [perhaps from sperren, German, in the 
sense of to oppose.] To fight with perlusive strokes. 
Now ladies shine from phaaetons afar, 
And very soon perhaps may learn to spar ! 
Prol. to the Dramatist. 
SPA'RABLES, s. pi. [ppappan, Sax., to fasten. ] Small 
nails. 
SPA'RADRAP, s. In old pharmacy, a cerecloth.—With 
application of the common sparadrap for issues, this ulcer 
was by a fontenel kept open. Wiseman. 
It is prepared by melting a sufficient quantity of some 
plaster or unguent, and dipping a linen-cloth therein, till such 
time as it hath imbibed its fill. It is then taken out, cooled, 
and polished on a marble. 
SPA'RAGE, or Spa 'rags, s. Asparagus: which see.— 
An argument that like Jonas’s gourd, or sparagus, is in sea¬ 
son only at some times. Bp. Taylor. 
SPARANISI, a town in the north-west of the kingdom 
of Naples, in the Terra di Lavoro, with 1500 inhabitants. 
SPARAXIS. See Ixia. 
To SPARE, v. a. [ppapian, Saxon; spaeren, Dutch; 
espargne, French.] To use frugally ; not to waste; not to 
consume.—Thou thy father’s thunder didst not spare. Mil- 
ton. —To have unemployed; to save from any particular 
use.—He had no bread to spare. L'Estrange. —To do 
without; to lose willingly.—I could have better spar'd a 
better man. Shakspearc. —To omit; to forbear. 
Be pleas’d your politics to spare ; 
I’m old enough, and can myself take care. Dry den. 
To use tenderly: to forbear; to treat with pity; not to 
affiict; not to destroy; to use with mercy. 
Does not each look a flash of lightning feel! 
Which spares the body’s sheath, but melts the steel. 
Cleveland. 
Dim sadness did not spare 
Celestial visages. Milton. 
To grant; to allow; to indulge. 
Set me in the remotest place. 
That Neptune’s frozen arms embrace; 
Where angry Jove did never spare 
One breath of kind and temperate air. Roscommon. 
To forbear; to inflict or impose. 
Spare my remembrance ; ’twas a guilty day : 
And still the blush hangs here. Drydcn. 
To SPARE, v. n. To live frugally ; to be parsimonious; 
to be not liberal.—God has not been so sparing to men to 
make them barely two-legged creatures, and left it to 
Aristotle to make them rational. Locke. —To forbear; to 
be scrupulous.—To pluck and eat my fill I spar'd not. 
Milton. —To use mercy; to forgive; to be tender.—Their 
king, out of a princely feeling, was sparing and compas¬ 
sionate towards his subjects. Bacon. 
SPARE, adj. [jpoep, Sax., parcus.] Scanty; not abun¬ 
dant ; parsimonious; frugal.—Men ought to beware, that 
they use not exercise and a spare diet both. Bacon. _ 
Superfluous; unwanted.—Learning seems more adapted to 
the female world than I o the male, because they have more 
spare time upon their hands, and lead a more sedentary life. 
Addison. —Lean; wanting flesh; macilent. 
If my name were liable to fear, 
I do not know the man I should avoid 
So soon as that spare Cassius. Shakspeare. 
Slow. West of England. Grose. 
SPARE, s. Parsimony; frugal use ; husbandry. Not in 
use. —Our victuals failed us, though we made good spare of 
them. Bacon. 
SPA'RELY, adv. Sparingly. 
Ye vallies low, where the mild whispers use 
Of shades, and wanton winds, and gushing brooks, 
On whose fresh lap the swart star sparely looks! Milton. 
SPA'RENESS, s. [Saxon, j-paepnejye.] State of being 
spare; leanness.—A spareness and slenderness of stature. 
Hammond. 
SPA'RER, s. One who avoids expense.'—By nature far 
from profusion, and yet a greater sparer than a saver; for 
though he had such means to accumulate, yet his forts, gar¬ 
risons, and his feastings, wherein he was only sumptuous, 
could not but soak his exchequer. Wot ton. 
SPA'RE-RIB, s. Ribs cut away from the body, and 
having on them spare or little flesh : as, a spare-rib of 
pork.—Brandish no swords but sweards of bacon; trail no 
spears but spar-ribs of pork ! Brewer. 
SPARGANIUM [ fTra.oya.viov of Dioscorides], in Botany, 
a genus of the class monoecia, order triandria, natural order 
of calamariae, typhae (Juss.) —Generic Character. Males 
numerous collected into a head. Calyx: ament, common, 
roundish, very closely imbricate on all sides, consisting of 
proper perianths that are three-leaved, linear, deciduous. 
Corolla none. Stamina: filaments three, capillary, longer 
than the calyx; anthers oblong. Females, below the males. 
Calyx, as in the male. Receptacle, common, roundish. 
Corolla none. Pistil: germ ovate, ending in a short awl- 
shaped style. Stigmas one or two, acute, channelled, per 
manent. Pericarp : drupe, juiceless, turbinate with a point, 
angular below. Seed: nut, bony, oblong-ovate, angular.— 
Male and female; ament roundish. Calyx three-leaved. 
Corolla none. Female: stigma bifid. Drupe juiceless, one- 
seeded. 
1. Sparganium ramosum, or branched bur-reed.—Leaves 
triangular, at the base; their sides concave; common 
flower-stalk, branched; stigma linear. Root perennial, 
creeping. Stem upright, about three feet high; round.— 
Common in ditches and along the banks of the rivers: 
flowering in July and August. 
2. Sparganium simplex, or unbranched bur-reed.—Leaves 
triangular, at the base; their sides flat; common flower- 
stalk simple; stigma linear.—This was considered by Lin¬ 
naeus as a variety of the preceding. 
3. Sparganium natans, or floating bur-reed.—Leaves 
drooping, flat; heads of flowers in a simple spike, most of 
them accompanied by leaves; style not longer than the 
germ. Root perennial, creeping; with long fibres, run¬ 
ning deep into the muddy bottoms of ditches or slow 
streams. Stems ascending; round ; leafy. — The natans 
occurs in Cambridgeshire near Sawston moor, on Wilbra- 
ham moor, and Burwellfen; near Norwich; in Yorkshire 
and Westmoreland; Scotland and Wales: flowering in 
July. It seems to prefer a muddy or clay soil. 
SPARGANOPHORUS, from <Tva.$ya.vov, a fillet, and 
to bear, because the seed is crowned with a membra¬ 
nous band or border. See Ethulia, 
SPARGANOS1S, from [<nra.py<ztv, to swell,'] in Surgery, 
an abscess of the breast; a milk abscess. 
SPARGEFA'CTION, s. [spargo, Latin.] The act of 
sprinkling.—The operation was performed by sparegcfac- 
tioii, in a proper time of the moon.-— Swift. 
SPARGUS, 
