S T A 
STANTON LONG, another parish in the above county ; 
134 miles north-north-east of Ludlow. 
STANTON LONG, a parish of England, in Cambridge¬ 
shire; 6f miles north-west of Cambridge. 
STANTON PRIOR, a parish of England, in Somerset¬ 
shire; 5 miles west-south-west of Bath. 
STANTON ST. JOHN’S, a parish of England, in Ox¬ 
fordshire.; 4 t miles north-east of Oxford. Population 397. 
STANTON-UPON-NINEHEATH, a parish of England, 
in Salop; 5 miles south-east of Wem. Population 571. 
STANTON STONEY, a parish of England, in Leices¬ 
tershire ; 4 miles east by-north of Hinckley. Population 
446. 
STANTON, Upper and Lower, two hamlets of Eng¬ 
land, in the parish of Llanvihangel Crucorney, Monmouth¬ 
shire, near Abergavenny. 
STANTON-ON-THE-WOLDS, a hamlet of England, 
in Nottinghamshire, north of Plumtree. 
STANTON-UPON-WYE, a parish of England, in Here¬ 
fordshire; 84 miles west-north-west of Hereford. Popula¬ 
tion 512. 
STANTON, a township of the United States, in Clermont 
county, Ohio, immediately below Red Oak creek. 
STANTON HILL, a post village of the United States, in 
Charlotte county, Virginia. 
STANTONSBURG, a post village of the United States, 
an Newcomb county. North Carolina. 
STANTZ, a small but well built town in the interior of 
Switzerland. It has 2100 inhabitants, a neat church, a 
council-house, and a pleasant fruitful territory. It is the 
chief place of the canton of Underwalden, and has a statue 
of Walkenried, one of the founders of Swiss independence. 
In 1799, an obstinate action was fought here between the 
Swiss and the French, and the town was taken by the latter; 
8 miles south-east of Lucerne, and 42 east of Bern. 
STANWAY, a parish of England, in Essex; 4 miles 
west-by-south of Colchester. Population 431. 
STAN WAY, a parish of England, in Gloucestershire; 
34 miles north-east of Winchcombe. 
STANWELL, a parish of England, in Middlesex; 24 
miles north-east of Staines. Population 1032. 
STANWICK, a parish of England, in Northamptonshire; 
24 miles north-north east of Higham Ferrars. 
STANWICK, a small village of England, North Riding 
of Yorkshire ; 8 miles norlh-by-east of Richmond. 
STANWIX, or Stanewich, a village and parish of 
England, in Cumberland, adjoining to Carlisle, on the 
opposite side of the Eden. Here are vestiges of a Roman 
station. Population of the village, 400; of the parish, 
1128. 
STA'NZA, s. [stanza, Ital.; stance, Fr.] A number of 
lines regularly adjusted to each other; so much of a poein 
as contains every variation of measure, or relation of rhyme. 
Stanza is originally a room of a house, and came to signify 
a subdivision of a poem; a staff. 
So bold as yet no verse of miue has been, 
To wear that gem on any line. 
Nor till the happy nuptial house be seen, 
Shall any stanza with it shine. Cowley. 
Horace confines himself strictly to one sort of verse or 
stanza in every ode. Dryden.— In quatrains, the last line 
of the stanza is to be considered in the composition of the 
first. Dryden 
Before his sacred name flies every fault. 
And each exalted stanza teems with thought. Pope. 
STANZIONE (Cavaliere Massimo), was born at Naples 
in 1585, and was a disciple of G. B. Caraciolo; he also 
received instructions in fresco painting from Belisario Cosen- 
zio, one of the most eminent artists of his time, and indeed 
seems to have been exceedingly studious of the works of all 
the great painters of his day. He visited Rome, and in stu¬ 
dying the works of Annibal Carracci, became intimate with 
Guido Rheni, into whose style he fell with so much success, 
■that Ire obtained the name of II Guido Rheni di Napoli. 
S T A 531 
It was in his native city that he principally exerted his 
ability in original productions, and was ranked amongst its 
ablest artists. Spagnoletto became jealous of him, and is 
said by Lanzi to have been guilty of a gross piece of perfidy 
to destroy the picture he had painted in competition with 
his Descent from the Cross, for the Certosa. The subject of 
his picture was Christ with the Maries, which having some¬ 
what changed in tone, and become darker, Spagnoletto per¬ 
suaded the monks to permit him to clean it; when he used 
some noxious preparation, which nearly destroyed the 
work. Upon application to Stanzione to remedy the mis¬ 
chief, he refused, declaring it should remain as it was, that 
the author of so disgraceful a procedure might reap the just 
fruits of his perfidy. 
Among the considerable works executed by Stanzione 
at Naples, are the cielings of the churches of St. Paolo 
and del Gesu Novo, and a large picture at the Certosa, 
representing St. Bruno, presenting the regulations of his order 
to his monks. The small cabinet pictures by him are nu¬ 
merous, and much esteemed. He died at the age of 71, in 
the year 1656. 
STANZ-STADT, a populous village in the Swiss canton 
of Underwalden, on the lake of Lucerne, near the town of 
Stanz, inhabited chiefly by boatmen employed in the navi¬ 
gation of the lake. 
STAPELIA [so named by Linnaeus, in memory of Bodeus 
Stapel, a physician of Amsterdam, commentator on Theo¬ 
phrastus], in Botany, a genus of the class pentandria, order 
monogynia, natural order of contortae apocineae (Juss .)— 
Generic Character. Calyx: perianth one-leafed, five-cleft, 
acute, small, permanent. Corolla one-petalled, large, flat, 
thick, five-cleft beyond the middle: segments wide, flat, 
acuminate. Nectary, five leaflets, spreading, linear, grooved, 
emarginate, with a dagger point, opposite to the segments 
of the corolla. Leaflets five others, fastened alternately with 
three a little higher to the tube of the filaments, and running 
along it, vertical, bifid: interior segment erect, with the sum¬ 
mit bent outwards; outer segment straight, compressed. 
Stamina: filaments five, united into a short tube. Each 
anther fastened internally to the base of each vertical leaflet 
of the nectary, and wider than it, incumbent on the stigma, 
short, two-lobed, two-celled, produced below on both sides 
into an earlet, contiguous to the margin to each of the neigh¬ 
bouring anthers as far as the tip, and ascending at the tip. 
Pollen united into ten corpuscles, crescent-shaped, flatfish, 
ascending obliquely into the cells of the anther, each on a 
very short pedicel (with a transverse base, incumbent on the 
upper margin of the earlet,) fastened by pairs to five small 
twin coloured tubercles, placed on the apex of the earlets, 
and adhering to the angles of the stigma. Pistil: germs 
two, ovate, flat inwards. Styles none. Stigma common to 
both germs, large, placed on the tube of the stamens, acutely 
five-cornered, flat above, obliquely truncate-excavated at the 
sides for the reception of anthers. Pericarp : follicles two, 
long, awl-shaped, one-celled, one-valved. Seeds numerous, 
imbricate, compressed, crowned with a down. Receptacle 
free.— Essential Character. Contorted. Nectary a double 
little star covering the genitals. 
In the distribution of this genus we have followed Wilde- 
now, and have given his specific characters. 
I.—Corolla five-cleft; segments hairy at the edge. 
1. Stapelia ciliata, or ciliate stapelia.—Stem four-cor¬ 
nered, branched, decumbent, rooting, flowering at top; 
peduncle shorter than the corolla, which is papillose at 
bottom.—Native ofsouthern Africa, below Boekland Berg. 
2. Stapelia revoluta, or revolute-flowered stapelia.'—Stem 
four-cornered, branched at the base, erect, flowering at top; 
peduncles shorter than the corolla; which is smooth, with 
the segments ovate, hairy at the edge, and revolute.—Native 
of southern Africa, in dry fields under shrubs: flowering 
in September and October. 
3. Stapelia hirsuta, or hairy stapelia.—Branches ascend¬ 
ing, four-cornered, flowering at the base ; peduncle round, 
length of the corolla, which is villose at bottom, with the 
segments 
