534 
S T A 
young ones is of a light green, and very smooth..—Native 
of North America; and now as common in the nursery- 
gardens as the other sort. 
Propagation and Culture. —Second and third sorts are 
usually propagated by suckers from the root, which the 
second sends out in plenty; these should be taken from the 
old plants in autumn, and their roots trimmed, then planted 
in a nursery, in rows at three feet distance, and one foot 
asunder in the rows; in this nursjry the plants should stand 
one or two more years according to their strength, and then 
be transplanted to the places where they are to remain. They 
may also be obtained by seeds and cuttings. 
STAPHYLEPARTES, the name of a chirurgical instru¬ 
ment, in use among the ancients for elevating the uvula. It 
is mentioned by Paulus iEgineta. 
STAPHYLINUS, in Anatomy, the muscle of the uvula, 
commonly called azygus. 
STAPHYLINUS, in Entomology, a genus of insects of the 
order Coleoptera. The Generic Character is as follows:— 
Antennae moniliform; four feelers ; shell half as long as the 
body ; wings folded up under the shells; tail not armed 
with a forceps, furnished with two exsertile vesicles. The 
insects of this genus are extremely rapacious, devouring not 
only the insects of other genera, but frequently each other. 
Many of them, when attempted to be caught, turn up the 
tail. The jaws are strong and exserted, with which they 
bite and pinch very hard : most of them are found in damp 
moist places, among substances, and a few upon flowers. 
There are about 180 species, separated into three sections, 
according as their feelers are filiform, hatchet-shaped, or 
clavate. 
I.—All the Feelers filiform. 
1. Staphylinus aureus.—Head, thorax, and shells, covered 
with ferruginous down ; the abdomen is black, with cinere¬ 
ous bands.—It is found in Siam. 
2. Staphylinus hirtus.—Hairy, black; thorax and hind- 
part of the abdomen yellow.—Found in sandy situations, in 
this country, and other parts of Europe. 
3. Staphylinus murinus.—Pubescent, cinereous clouded ; 
abdomen and legs deep black. The shells are blue, and 
polished beneath. The larva is six-footed, naked, and of a 
pale hue. The head and three first segments of the abdomen 
chesnut-brown; tail with two jointed bristles, and a cylin¬ 
drical tubercle beneath.—It is found in this country, among 
decayed carcases and dung. 
4. Staphylinus olens.—Black, opaque, immaculate; head 
broader than the thorax.—This is an English insect, but 
found likewise in many parts of the European continent. 
5.. Staphylinus maxillosus.—Pubescent black, with cinere¬ 
ous bands. The jaws of this insect are as long as the head ; 
the antennae are still longer; the shell covers one third of 
the abdomen ; the legs end in small tufts of hair. 
G. Staphylinus erythropterus.—Black; shells, base of the 
antennae, and legs, are red; the head and thorax are un¬ 
polished, black; shells with two triangular spots; each side 
is composed of a few gilded hairs. 
7. Staphylinus politus.—Black; thorax and shells po¬ 
lished; thorax with a line of impressed dots. This insect, 
when first caught, scatters a very fragrant odour. 
8. Staphylinus brunnipes.—Black; legs, base and tip 
of the antennae, ferruginous; the antennae are black, the 
first and two last joints are ferruginous; the eyes are white. 
9. Staphylinus marginatus.—Black; sides of the thorax 
and legs are yellow. It is something less than the staphy¬ 
linus politus, and of a glossy black. 
10. Staphylinus Alpinus.—Black; base of the antennae, 
shells, and legs, livid. The body of this species is more 
depressed than is the case with regard to others; the antennae 
are black, and pale at the base; the abdomen is black.—It 
inhabits the highest mountains of Lapland, on the birch. 
11. Staphylinus bi-fustulatus.—Black; shells with a fer¬ 
ruginous dot behind. 
12. Staphylinus bi-guttatus.—Black; shells with a whitish 
S T A 
dot; the eyes are prominent.—-It inhabits the shores of the 
Baltic. 
13. Staphylinus fuscipes.—Black ; thorax roundish; shells 
and legs piceous; the body is small and thick ; the edges a 
little blackish. 
14. Staphylinus atricapillus.—Thorax rufous; shells brown, 
with a while dot and hinder margin. 
15. Staphylinus sanguineus.—Gibbous, black ; shells san¬ 
guineous; antennee thicker towards the top. The antennae 
are as long as the body; the head is rough; the shells are 
striate at the base; legs yellowish ; thighs brown; body some¬ 
times chesnut-brown.—This is found chiefly in France. 
16. Staphylinus caraboides.—Yellow, immaculate. 
17. Staphylinus rugosus.—Black; thorax and shells rug¬ 
ged. It is larger than the next. The head is flat; the thorax 
depressed, with longitudinal wrinkles. 
18. Staphylinus piceus—Black; thorax depressed, with 
three raised lines ; the shells are piceous. 
19. Staphylinus flavus.—Black; edges of the thorax and 
shells yellow; the latter with a brown fillet and outer mar¬ 
gin ; antennas and legs yellow. 
20. Staphylinus littoreus.—Black; shells grey on the fore¬ 
part ; legs rufous.—It inhabits the sea-shores. 
II.—Hind-feelers hatchet-shaped. Oxyporus. 
21. Staphylinus Rufus.—Rufous; head and hind-part of 
the shells and abdomen are blac k.—It is found chiefly on 
fungi, in this and other European countries. 
22. Staphylinus lunulatus.—Yellow: shells black, pale 
at the base and tip Head is black; the tip of the abdo¬ 
men is marked with a white ring.—It inhabits Europe, on 
fungi. 
23. Staphylinus merdarius.—Black ; thorax aud shells 
rufous.—It is found in this and other European countries. 
24. Staphylinus chrysomelinus.—Black; thorax rufous ; 
shells testaceous, the margin at the base is black. 
25. Staphylinus rufipes.—Glossy black; legs rufous.—It 
is found in the northern parts of Europe. 
26. Staphylinus hypnorum.—Glossy-black ; margin of 
the thorax, shells, and legs, testaceous; the body is black, 
glabrous, and polished. 
27. Staphylinus marginellus.—Glossy-black ; margins of 
the thorax and shells ferruginous. This is a very small 
insect. 
III.—Fore-feelers clavate. Peederus. 
28. Staphylinus riparius.—Rufous; shells blue; the head 
and end of the abdomen are blackish. This is figured in 
Donovan’s English Insects. 
29. Staphylinus elongatus.-—Hind-part of the shells and 
legs fulvous. 
30. Staphylinus fulgescens.—Glossy-black ; shells and 
ends of the legs testaceous; head slightly punctured. The * 
head is marked with numerous small impressed dots. 
STAPHYLOMA, is the name given, in Surgery, to that 
disease of the eye, in which the cornea loses its natural trans¬ 
parency, rises above its proper level, and even projects be¬ 
tween the eye-lids, in the form of a whitish pearl-coloured 
tumour, which is attended with total loss of sight. 
STAPHYLOSIS, a protuberance or protrusion of the 
choroid coat of the eye. See Surgery 
STA'PLE. s. \stapel, Belg. et Sueth. emporium, ab an- 
tiquiori et Goth, stapul, columna, series columnis compacts. 
Screnius. See also Lye and Du Cange in Vocc. bcapel 
and Patronus. “ Patronus, Gloss. Sax. 2Elfr. ubi de par- 
tibus domus, pcapul, quae has ini sonat, ut observat Somne- 
rus.”] A settled mart; an established emporium. 
A staple of romance and lies. 
False tears, and real perjuries. Prior. 
The customs of Alexandria were very great, it having 
been the staple of the Indian trade. Arbutknot .—Tyre 
Alexander the Great sacked; and, establishing the staple at 
Alexandria, made the greatest (revolution in trade that ever 
■was 
