672 
S T E 
now included in the government of Magdeburg. It is 
situated in a plain on the river Ucht, and is of considerable 
size, but is not proportionally populous, the inhabitants not 
amounting altogether to 5000. Here is a colony of French 
Calvinists, who carry on several manufactures, particularly 
woollen and leather, established by their ancestors. The 
town is old, and suffered greatly from fire in 1575, 1680, 
and 1687. Winckelmann, the well known writer on the 
antiquities of Rome, was a native of this place; 31 miles 
north-north-west of Brandenburg, and 62 west of Berlin. 
STENE, a decayed parish of England, in Northampton¬ 
shire; 2 t miles north-west of Brackley. 
STENICO, a large village of the Austrian states, in Tyrol, 
circle of Roveredo, on the river Sarca. 
STENNESS, a parish in the island of Pomona, in Ork¬ 
ney. 
STENNESS, Loch, a small lake of Orkney, in the 
foregoing parish, noted for a remarkable causeway over it, 
forming a communication between two Druidical temples. 
STENNESS, a small island of Shetland, on the north 
coast of the Mainland. It covers a small bay in Not thmaven 
parish, where there is a good fishing station, with drying- 
houses and other conveniences. 
STENNIGOT, a par.sh of England, in Lincolnshire; 
5,j miles west-south-west of Louth. 
STENO (Nicholas), a distinguished physician, and subse¬ 
quently bishop of Titiopolis, and vicar-apostolic of the 
northern countries, was born at Copenhagen in 1638. His 
father was a Lutheran and goldsmith to Christian IV. king 
of Denmark. Having had the advantage of studying medi¬ 
cine and anatomy under the celebrated Bartholin, whose 
friendship he obtained by his ingenuity and industry, he was 
well prepared to profit by his travels through various parts of 
Holland, Germany, France, and Italy, in visiting the best 
schools, in which he passed several years. He was at Amster¬ 
dam in 1660, and resided during the three succeeding years 
at Leyden, where he pursued his studies with the utmost dili¬ 
gence. He arrived at Paris in 1664, and at the end of two 
years more went to Vienna, traversed part of Hungary, and 
entered Italy by the Tyrol. He visited the principal cities of 
this fine country, and passed some time especially at Rome 
and Florence, in the latter of which cities his reputation 
reached the court of Ferdinand II., grand duke of Tuscany, 
w'lio appointed him his physician about the year 1667, with 
a liberal salary. He was afterwards honoured with the 
esteem and confidence of Cosmo III., who selected him a 
preceptor to his son. His attachment to the Protestant reli¬ 
gion had been shaken by the eloquence of Bossuet while he 
was at Paris, and in 1669 he abjured that faith, and adopted 
the Roman Catholic persuasion. Frederick III., king of 
Denmark, invited him, near the close of his reign, to return 
to Copenhagen; but he refused the invitation, because he 
could not obtain permission to exercise the religion which he 
had adopted ; but Christian V. repeating the invitation with¬ 
out any such restraint, about the year 1672, Steno returned 
to his native city, and was appointed professor of anatomy. 
He found his change of sentiments and circumstances, how¬ 
ever, productive of less agreeable results than he had antici¬ 
pated, and he again quitted Denmark, and resumed the edu¬ 
cation of the young prince of the house of Cosmo, at Flo¬ 
rence. Some time after his return, he entertained a wish to 
enter the ecclesiastical state, and he embraced that profession 
in 1677. He was spedily nominated, by pope Innocent XI., 
to the bishopric in Isauria, which we have already mention¬ 
ed ; and was afterwards appointed vicar-apostolical to all the 
states of the north, in which capacity he became a zealous 
preacher in Hanover, Munster, Hamburgh, and various parts 
of Germany, and died in the course of his missionary la¬ 
bours, at Schwerin, in the duchy of Mecklenburgh, in 1686, 
in the 49th year of his age. 
The works of Steno which are extant, relate principally to 
medical subjects. He was a zealous cultivator of anatomy, 
and the author of some discoveries relative to the minute 
circulation of the eye, the nose, and organs of voice, and to 
S T E 
the lymphatic vessels; as the papers which he communicated 
to the Acadamy of Copenhagen, and his other works, will 
testify. The titles of the latter are *■ Observationes de Oris, 
Oeulorum, et Narium Vasis,” 1662 ; this was enlarged and 
reprinted in 1664, with the new title “ De Muscuhs et Glan- 
dulis Observationum Specimen.” “ Elementorum Myologioe 
Specimen, seu Musculi Descriptio Geometrica,” 1667. “ De 
solido intra solidum natural iter contento Dissertation^ Pro- 
dromus,” 1669. “ Dissertatio de Cerebri Anatome,” 1671; 
which had been published in French at Paris in 1669! 
“ Epistolae duaj Adversaria?,” 1680. In this year he again 
published his first work, with some alterations, under a new 
title, “ Observationes Anatomicae, quibus varia Oris, Ocu- 
lorum, et Narium Vasa describuntur, novique Salivae, La- 
chrymarum, et Muci fontes deteguntur, &c.” Steno was the 
uncle of Winslow, who subsequently carried anatomical 
science to the highest pitch. 
STENOCARPUS [from q-revoq, narrow, and «aj> 7 ro?, Gr. 
fruit], a genus of Brown’s, the Embothrium of Linnaeus - 
which see. ’ 
STENOCIIILUS [from <rej/o$, slender, and y^'hoq, Gr., 
a lip,] a genus of Brown’s, somewhat obscure. 
STENO'GRAPHY, s. [yra/oq and ypafa, Gr.; steno¬ 
graph ie, Fr.] The art of writing in short hand.—Some will 
preamble a tale impertinently, and cannot be delivered of a 
jest, till they have travelled an hour in trivials, as if they 
had taken the whole tale by stenography, and now were 
putting it out at large. Felt ham. 
Mr. Byrom’s method of short-hand, as improved by Mr. 
Molineux, being now generally esteemed the best and most 
practical system extant, we refer such of our readers as may 
wish to attain any proficiency in short-hand, to “ An In¬ 
troduction to Byrom’s Universal English Short-Hand,” by 
Mr. Molineux, of Macclesfield, explaining the theory of the 
art in a very clear and perspicuous manner; and to a sup¬ 
plementary work, entitled “ The Short-Hand Instructor, or 
Stenographical Copy-Book,” which exhibits the practice, 
adorned with its peculiar characteristics of ease and beauty. 
These two elegant little works form together a complete sys¬ 
tem of stenography, and have the merit of familiarizing Mr. 
Byrom’s excellent method for the general use of schools, and 
for the particular guidance of those who, without the assist¬ 
ance of a living instructor, may be desirous of this attain¬ 
ment. 
STENOSA, an island of the Grecian archipelago. It is 
about 10 miles in circumference, and its only inhabitants are 
a few goat herds and their flocks. Lat. 37. 5. N. lone-. 25. 
55. E. 8 
STENSON, a township of England, in Derbyshire; 4| 
miles south-south-west of Derby. 
STENSZEWO, a small town of Prussian Poland; 12 
miles south-west of Posen. Population 800. 
To STENT, v. a. To restrain; to stint. To stent is the 
Scottish word for cease or stop. Spenser uses it merely for 
the sake of his rhyme. See the verb active Stint. 
Therewith Sir Guyon left his first emprise. 
And turning to that woman, fast her bent 
By the hoare lockes that hong before her eyes. 
And to the ground her threw: yet nould she stent 
Her bitter rayling and foule revilement. Spenser. 
STENTON, a parish of Scotland, in Haddingtonshire; 
about 3§- miles long and 3 broad. Population 685. 
STENTO'RIAN, adj. [from Stentor. The French have 
an old word like our stentorian, viz., stentorc; as, “ voix 
stentoree, a huge voice, such a one as the Grecian Stentor 
had.” Cotgravc .] Loud; uncommonly loud.—They echo 
forth in stentorian clamours. Sir T. Herbert. 
STENTOROPHO'N ICK, adj. [from Stentor, the Ho- 
merical herald, whose voice was as loud as that of filty men, 
and ipavY] , a voice.] Loudly speaking or sounding. 
I heard a formidable noise, 
Loud as the stentorophonick voice, 
That roar’d far off! Hudibras. 
To 
