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with such nicety as to give it at a distance some resemblance 
to lace, and combining the most elegant symmetry of parts 
with the most perfect solidity. It was from first to last up¬ 
wards of a century and a half in building. The clock of the 
cathedral is no less a master-piece of mechanism ; for, be¬ 
sides the hour of the day, it describes, when in repair, the 
motions of the heavenly bodies. Of the other churches, the 
only one worth notice is that of St. Thomas, containing the 
splendid monument erected by Louis XV, to Marshal Saxe. 
The town-hall, a large structure, has its faqade ornamented 
with antique paintings. The episcopal mansion is a good 
modern building, and the theatre is, for a provincial one, 
handsome and spacious. Here are two hospitals, one for the 
military, the other for the lower class of the public generally, 
both extensive and well regulated. Here is also a foundling- 
hospital and an orphan-house; an artillery school, a cannon 
foundry, and an arsenal; to which are to be added, as 
worth the attention of travellers, a telegraph station, a 
monument to general Desaix, and the wooden bridge over 
the Rhine, of the extraordinary length of 3900 feet. 
Strasburg is more favourably situated for trade than 
most inland towns; the fertile soil of Alsace furnishing 
the means of subsistence to manufacturers, and the Rhine 
connecting it with Switzerland on the one side, and the 
Netherlands on the other. Its articles for export consist of 
corn, flax, hemp, wine, spirituous liquors; also of linen, 
sailcloth, blankets, carpets, hardware, leather, cotton, and 
lace. Among other products of Alsace is tobacco, and 
snuff is consequently an object of manufacture and export 
at Sfrasburg. 
In regard to education, it is common to give the seminaries 
of Strasburg the next rank after those of Paris; and though 
the difference is necessarily very wide, there is here a greater 
variety of institutions for education than in many towns of 
larger population. The medical school of Strasburg dates 
from 1538. After being long an academy, it was constituted 
a university in the 17th century, and though curtailed in its 
classes during the French revolution, was replaced on its 
former footing in 1803. In that year also was established a 
Protestant university, taught by ten professors, and com¬ 
prising, as in the Scotch universities, a classical, philosophical, 
and theological course. The only other Protestant university 
(or, as they are here termed, academies) in France is Mon- 
tauban. Strasburg contains not only a medical, but a law 
school; two public libraries of old date; and a botanic gar¬ 
den. For boys there is here a high school, on the plan of 
those of Rouen, Caen, and other large towns. The minor 
objects of a traveller’s attention are a cabinet of medals and an 
anatomical class-room. 
Strasburg is a place of great antiquity, having existed 
prior to the Christian era, and having been known to the 
Romans by the name of Argentoratum. It early received 
the doctrines of fhe reformation, and is said to have counted 
among its inhabitants a majority of Protestants until the 
latter part of the 17th century, when it was ceded to France. 
Till then it had held the rank of a free city of the empire, 
by which is to be understood a town electing its own magis¬ 
trates, exempt from subjection to any neighbouring prince, 
and entitled to assert its independence at the Germanic 
diet. At present the proportion of Catholics considerably 
exceeds that of Protestants. The town is the see of a bishop, 
and being the capital of the department of the Lower 
Rhine, is, of course, the residence of a prefect. 
Strasburg, or rather its vicinity, has been more than once 
the scene of military operations in the present age; in 1793, 
when the French revolutionists were hard pressed by the 
Austrians; in the early part of the summer 1796, when the 
former crossed the Rhine for the invasion of Germany; and, 
finally, in the autumn of that year, when the French being 
suddenly expelled from Franconia, Kehl, with its bridge 
leading to Strasburg, had very nearly fallen into the hands 
of their opponents. In the invasions of 1814 and 1815, 
Strasburg escaped attack, though the allies in both cases 
came very near it; 66 miles north of Bale, 75 east of Nancy, 
and 290 east of Paris. Lat. 48.34.56.N. long. 7.44.51. E. 
STRASBURG, a small town of West Prussia, on the 
river Dribenz. Population 1800; 35 miles north-east of 
Thorn, and 39 east of Culm.—2. A small town of the 
Prussian states, in Brandenburg, on the borders of Mecklen¬ 
burg, with 2700 inhabitants, part of them French Calvinists, 
the descendants of refugees; 12 miles north-west of Prenz- 
low, and 65 north of Berlin.—3. A small town of Austrian 
Illyria, in Carinthia, on the river Gurk, with a castle, where 
the bishop of Gurk commonly resides; 16 miles north of 
Klagenfurt.—4. A post township of the United States, in 
Franklin county, Pennsylvania, east of North Mountain; 
145 miles west of Philadelphia.—5. A post township and 
village of the United States, in Lancaster county, Pennsyl¬ 
vania; 58 miles west of Philadelphia. Population 2710. 
It is a pleasant and considerable town. The village is built 
chiefly of brick and stone.—6. A post township of the United 
States, in Shenandoah county, Virginia; 12 miles north- 
north-east of Woodstock, containing about 40 houses. 
STRACHETS, a sun.ll town in the west of Bohemia, with 
a park no less than 18 miles in circumferance, belonging to 
the prince of Furstenberg; 20 miles west-by-north of 
Prague. 
STRASOLDO, a small town of Austrian Italy, in the dis¬ 
trict of Udina, not far from that town. 
STRASSWALCHEN, a small town of the Austrian states, 
in the duchy of Salzburg, on the Muhlbach, with 900 inha¬ 
bitants ; 10 miles north-east of Salzburg. 
STRASZ, Upper and Lower, two large manufacturing- 
villages of Switzerland, near Zurich. 
STRASZ, a small town of Lower Austria, with 800 in¬ 
habitants ; 2 miles north-east of Meissau. 
STRA'TA s. [The plural of stratum, Lat.] Beds; 
layers. A philosophical term.—The terrestrial matter is 
disposed into strata, or layers, placed one upon another; 
in like manner as an earthy sediment, settling down from a 
fluid, will naturally be. Woodward. 
STRA'TAGEM, s. [ stratageme, Fr., uroaT^yqya, Gr. 
from <TToa,rr l y€u, to command an army. Stratagem has 
accordingly been the orthography of some.] An artifice 
in war ; a trick by which an enemy is deceived. 
John Talbot, I did send for thee. 
To tutor thee in stratagems of war. Skalcspeare. 
An artifice; a trick by which some advantage is obtained. 
Those oft are stratagems which errors seem ; 
Nor is it Homer nods, but we who dream. Pope. 
STRATAGE'MICAL, adj. Full of stratagems. Cot- 
grave, and Sherwood .—His wife to gain entirely his affec¬ 
tions, sent him this stratagemical epistle.. Swift. 
STRATARITHMOMETRY [formed from the Gr. o-rpa- 
ro$, army, aoiByo;, number, and yeroov, measure,,] in War, 
the art of drawing up an army, or any part of it, in any 
given geometrical figure; and of expressing the number of 
men contained in such a figure, as they stand in array, either 
near at hand, or at any distance assigned. 
STRATEGUS, o-rpareyo?, in Antiquity, an officer among 
the Athenians, of which there were two chosen yearly, to 
command the troops of the state. 
Constantine the Great, besides many other privileges 
granted to the city of Athens, honoured its chief magistrate 
with the title of Me/a; 'Srcalrfot;. 
STRATFIELD, Mortimer, a parish of England, in 
Berkshire: 7 miles south-wesl-by-south of Reading. Popu¬ 
lation 672. 
STRATFIELD, Say, a parish of England, in Southamp- 
tonshire; 6| miles north-east of Basingstoke. Population 
708. 
STRATFIELD, Turges, . another parish in the above 
county ; 1 mile distant from the foregoing. 
STRATFORD, or Long Stratford, a village of Eng¬ 
land, in the county of Essex, and neighbourhood of London, 
the first that is met with after crossing Bow bridge, by which 
it is joined to Stratford-le-Bow. It is situated in the parish 
of Ham, and has of late years greatly increased in size and 
population, particularly on the forest side of the town, viz., 
Maryland 
