638 
S T R 
S T R 
blingthe next; but is thinner, and, armed with much less 
spines. It is thought to be a younger species of strombus 
gigas. 
20. Strombus gigas.—Lip rounded, and very large; the 
shell is crowned ; the belly and spire have conic expanded 
spines. The shell is of a beautiful glossy white; within it is 
of a rich rose-colour.—It is found in divers parts of South 
America ; and is ten inches long and nine broad. 
21. Strombus latissimus.—Lip rounded and very large; 
the belly is unarmed; the spire a little knotty. The shell is 
solid, fourteen inches long, varied with brown and white, 
sometimes radiate; the lip within is white ; the mouth rosy. 
-—It inhabits Asia. 
22. Strombus epidromis.—Lip rounded, short; belly 
smooth; spire a little knotty.—It inhabits southern Asia; 
and is about three inches long. 
23. Strombus minimus.—Lip refuse, gibbous; belly and 
spire knotty, with knotty plaits; aperture two-lipped, smooth. 
—Inhabits India; and is about an inch and a half long. 
24. Strombus canarium.—Shell somewhat heart-shaped, 
with a rounded, refuse, smooth lip; pillars smooth.—It in¬ 
habits the southern coasts of Asia. 
25. Strombus vittatus.—Lip rounded, short: belly smooth; 
spire elongated; the whorls are divided by an elevated suture. 
The shell is whitish, with brown bands.—It inhabits Asia; 
and is about four inches long. 
26. Strombus suecinctus.—-Lip rounded, refuse; belly 
smooth, with four pale, linear, punctured belts.—It inhabits 
different parts of Asia. 
27. Strombus spinosus.—Lip tapering, entire, slightly 
plaited, and crowned with fine spines; the spire is prickly. 
—It has been found hitherto only in a fossile state, and very 
much resembles the Voluta vespertilio, but is not emarginate 
at the base ; and the pillar is not always plaited; the shell is 
whitish, with numerous parallel lines, above angular, and 
crowned with very sharp spines. 
28. Strombus fissurella.—Lip continued into a longitu¬ 
dinal cleft ridge.—It inhabits India, and is found frequently 
in a fossile state in Campania. 
29. Strombus urceus.—Lip tapering, short, striate; the 
belly and spire have knotty plaits; aperture two-slipped, un¬ 
armed. There are several varieties of this species.—It is 
chiefly found in the Indian ocean, is two inches and a half 
long; and varies much in colours and marks. 
30. Strombus tridentatus.—The shell of this species is thin, 
white, with orange spots and clouds; the back is smooth 
and plaited; the beak is violet; the whorls are grooved ; the 
lip is three-toothed.'—It inhabits the Indian ocean. 
31. Strombus dentatus.—Lip tapering, short, toothed; 
belly and spire plaited. This is very like the strombus urceus. 
32. Strombus costatus.—Lip very thick, first whorl crown¬ 
ed with tubercles, the interstices of the tubercles plaited ; the 
next transversely ribbed, the rest transversely striate, 
33. Strombus bryonia.—Shell conic, with a mucronate 
eight-toothed lip and knotty spire. It is about seven inches 
long; extremely rare. Shell brown, varied with white and 
blueish clouds. Some authors suspect it is not of this divi¬ 
sion. 
34. Strombus affinis.—Shell transversely striate, gibbous; 
spire unarmed ; the first whorl crowned with tubercles. 
35. Strombus latus.—The lip of this species is a little pro¬ 
minent, and twice emarginate beneath; the first whorl of the 
spire is smooth in the middle,and transversely striate on each 
side; the others are crowned with obtuse knots. 
36. Strombus Isevis.—Shell smooth, silvery, radiate with 
brown, with obsolete, tranverse plaits; the spire is elongated, 
with inflated rounded whorls. 
37. Strombus vexillum.— Shell solid and subcylindrical, 
with alternate, reddish, and ochraceous bands; lip den¬ 
ticulate within ; pillar flat, glabrous, and emarginate at 
the base.—It is found in the Indian ocean, and is extremely 
rare. 
38. Strombus Norwegicus.—Shell oblong, subulate, white 
with round wheals; aperture spreading, ovate; beak ascend¬ 
ing a little.—This is obtained on the coasts of Norway. 
IV.—Tapering, with a very long spire 
39. Strombus tuberculatus.—Shell ovate, oblong, tuber- 
culate; lip thickened. The shell is coarse ; the whorls co¬ 
vered with rows of raised horny dots; lip gibbous; aper¬ 
ture ovate; the beak is very short and recurved.—It inhabits 
the Mediterranean. 
40. Strombus palustris.—Shell smoothish; lip separated 
behind. The shell is thick, and yellow or brown, with from 
twelve to sixteen whorls; the first twice as large as the next; 
the rest longitudinally plaited, and with from three to five 
transverse striae.—It inhabits the Savannas near the Indian 
ocean. 
41. Strombus ater.—Shell smooth, lip separated before 
and behind. It is of a black-brown or bay, within white, 
very finely striate tranversely; aperture ovate; spire subulate, 
with twelve flatfish contiguous whorls.—It is found in the 
fens of Amboyna, and is more tnan two feet long. 
42. Strombus fineatus.—Shell subulate, brown, with seven 
spiral impressed lines; the aperture is ovate. 
43. Strombus punctatus.—Shell subulate, yellowish-white, 
band striate with red near the suture; the lesser whorls 
grooved. 
44. Strombus vibex.—Shell subulate, cinereous, trans¬ 
versely striate; whorls nodulous, and marked with red 
streaks.—It inhabits Coromandel; and a variety is found iu 
the Friendly Islands. 
45. Strombus auritus.—Shell barred with brown; whorls 
muricate; aperture ovate.—It is found in different parts of 
Africa; is an inch and a half long. 
46. Strombus aculeatus.—Shell brown, turberculate; 
whorls minute; lip depressed, crenulate. A variety of this 
species is named the Hercules club.—This species inhabits the 
marshes of Africa, and is nearly two inches long. 
47. Strombus agnatus.-—Shell smooth ; the lip very pro¬ 
minent, and emarginate behind. 
48. Strombus dealbatus.—Shell with transversely, striate, 
black whorls; the outer ones smooth, and with the margin 
of the lip and pillar white. 
49. Strombus fuscns.—The shell of this species is brown, 
with numerous tubercles on the whorls; the lip is separated 
before and behind, within it is striate with brown. 
50. Strombus marginatus.—Shell brown; the lowest 
whorl is edged with white. 
51. Strombus lividus.—Shell subangular, with spinous 
knots ; the lip is separated on the fore part. 
52. Strombus striatus.—Shell convex, striate, white, with 
a few fulvous streaks; the pillar is sinuated and inflected. 
53. Strombus sinister.—Whorls turned contrary; the shell 
is thin, and longitudinally striate.—It has hitherto been 
found only in a fossile state in Switzerland. 
STROMIO, or Sfirnazza, a small river of the Morea, 
which falls into the gulf of Coron; 9 miles from Calamata. 
STROMNESS, a town of Scotland, at the south-west end 
of the island of Pomona, on a bay of the same name, 
opposite to the north extremity of Hoy. It has a safe and 
commodious harbour. The entrance into it from the south 
is by a passage a quarter of a mile in breadth, which 
gradually expands as it advances inwards, to about a mile in 
breadth. It has a firm clay bottom, with a sufficient depth 
of water for vessels of 1000 tons burden, and is sheltered 
from all winds. On the west side is a sandbank, which is 
not dangerous; and two rocks on the east side point out the 
entrance. The bay is not above a mile long, and half a 
mile broad, but is one of the safest harbours in the northern 
parts of the kingdom. Very large vessels usually anchor 
in Cairston road, on the outside of the small islands ; but 
there the tide is stronger, and the waves, especially with a 
south wind, very impetuous. It is regularly visited by the 
ships of the Hudson Bay Company, who have an agent con¬ 
stantly residing here. Numbers of young men enter into 
their service; it is said three-fourths of their servants are 
natives of Orkney. Many vessels bound for the Greenland 
and Davis’ Straits whale fisheries also put in here, and 
frequently complete their crews from among the young 
Orcadian sailors. The town of Stromness, in the beginning 
