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643 
arrested in the night. At 3 o’clock in the morning, suc¬ 
ceeding a ball that had been given at court the preceding 
evening, and after the queen had closed about 1 o'clock with 
prince Frederick, colonel Koller, an inveterate enemy of 
Struensee’s, whose regiment was on guard at the palace, in¬ 
formed his officers, after having admitted them into the 
palace, that he had the king’s orders to take the queen into 
custody. The officers, without requiring to see the orders, 
which would have defeated the whole plan, implicitly obey¬ 
ed. Ranzau hurried into the king’s bed-chamber, and draw¬ 
ing the curtains so as to awaken him, told him, before he 
had time for reflection, that his life was in danger. “What 
must we do?” said the alarmed king: “Shall we fly? Stand 
by me: give me your advice.”—“ Sign this,” replied Ran¬ 
zau, “ it will save my sovereign and the whole royal family.” 
The king took hold of his pen, but let it drop as soon as he 
cast his eye on the name of his consort. At length he suf¬ 
fered himself to be persuaded; and Ranzau, supported by 
colonel Eichstadt, whose dragoons, surrounded the palace, 
and some other officers, carried out the fatal order ; and, in 
a manner the most violent and brutal, seized the person of .the 
unfortunate Matilda, and conveyed her in a carriage to the 
castle of Cronenberg. Struensee’s arrest was followed by 
the appointment of a commission for his trial; the pro¬ 
ceedings against him were carried on with great zeal and 
severity; and on the 25th of April was passed the following 
sentence:—“That after his right hand had been cut off', he 
should be beheaded; that his body should then be quar¬ 
tered, and in that state publicly exposed; and that his head 
and hand should be affixed to a pole.” This sentence was, 
on the 28lh, carried into execution. 
To STRUGGLE, v. n. [Of uncertain etymology. Dr. 
Johnson. —It is probably from strucken, or struyckelen, 
Teut. to stumble; we have the old English word strokelinge, 
and struge/yn, colluctatio. Prompt. Parv.] To labour; to 
act with effort. To strive; to contend; to contest. 
I repent, like some despairing wretch. 
That boldly plunges in the frightful deep, 
Then pants, and struggles with the whirling waves; 
And catches every slender reed to save him. Smith. 
To labour in difficulties; to be in agonies or distress. 
Strong virtue, like strong nature, struggles still. 
Exerts itself, and then throws off the ill. Dry den. 
STRU'GGLE, s. Labour; effort. Contest; contention. 
—.When, in the division of parties, men only strove for the 
first place in the prince’s favour, an honest man might look 
upon the struggle with indifference. Addison. —It began 
and ended without any of those unnatural struggles for the 
chair, which have disturbed the peace of this great city. 
Atterbury. —Agony; tumultuous distress. 
STRU'GGLER, s. One who contends; a striven—The 
Jews were hard-hearted and malicious strugglers against 
the truth. Martin. 
STRU'GGLING, s. The act of striving or contending. 
—No man is guilty of an act of intemperance but he might 
have forborne it, not without some trouble from the strug¬ 
gling* of the contrary habit; but still the thing was possible. 
South. 
STRU'MA, s. [Latin.] A glandular swelling; the king’s 
evil.—A gentlewoman had a struma about the instep, very 
hard and deep about the tendons. Wiseman. 
STRUM2E [formed, as some will have it, a struendo; 
because they grow insensibly, structum assurgunf], in 
Medicine and Surgery, tumours arising most usually on the 
neck and throat; called also scrofula:, and popularly the 
evil, or king's evil. See Pathology. 
The Greeks call them ^cupaSe?, sores. 
STRUMARIA, in Botany, a genus of the class hex- 
andria, order monogynia, natural order spathacese, narcissi 
(Juss.) —Generic Character. Calyx: sheath of two, un¬ 
equal, oval, pointed leaves or valves. Corolla: petals six, 
superior, spreading, the three outer ones generally carinated 
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at the back. Stamina: filaments six, inserted into the recep¬ 
tacle, shorter than the corolla, equal, awl-shaped; anther 
oval,or roundish. Pistil: germen inferior, triangular, three- 
furrowed ; style longer than the stamens, inflated from the 
base to its centre, awl-shaped upwards; stigma trifid. Peri¬ 
carp : capsule oval or roundish, slightly triangular, with 
three furrows, three cells, and three valves. Seeds numer¬ 
ous, round.— Essential Character. Petals six, spreading. 
Style thickened below the middle. Stigma three-cleft. 
Capsule inferior, roundish, of three cells. 
1. Strumaria linguasfolia, or tongue-leaved strumaria.— 
Leaves linear-sword-shaped, flat, obtusely rounded at the tip. 
Stalk round; compressed upwards. Stamens the length of 
the corolla.—Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
2. Strumaria truncata, or truncated strumaria.—Leaves 
linear-sword-shaped, flat, obtusely rounded at the tip. Stalk 
compressed. Stamens longer than the corolla.—It flowers 
in April and May. 
3. Strumaria rubella, or pale-red strumaria.—Leaves linear, 
waved in an oblique manner. Petals flat.—It flowers in 
May and June. 
4. Strumaria undulata, or waved strumaria.—Leaves linear, 
waved in an oblique manner. Petals undulated. Root pe¬ 
rennial. Stalk a foot high, erect. Flowers in a loose um¬ 
bel. Petals narrow, undulated, pink at the tip. 
5. Strumaria angustifolia, or narrow-leaved strumaria.— 
Leaves linear, flat. Germen with three glands.—It flowers 
in April and May. 
6. Strumaria filifolia, or fine-leaved strumaria.—Leaves 
thread-shaped. Petals acute.—It flowers in November. 
7. Strumaria spiralis, or spiral-stalked strumaria. See 
Hasmanthus Spiralis. 
STRU'MOUS, adj. Having swellings in the glands; 
tainted with the king’s evil.—How to treat them when stru¬ 
mous, scirrhous, or cancerous. Wiseman. 
STRU'MPET, s. [of doubtful original. “ Stropo, vieux 
mot, palliardise: stuprum, Lat.” Trevoux. Dr. Johnson. 
—The old French word is strupe, which denotes whoredom. 
See Roquefort, Gloss. And hence strupet might be 
formed, and by an easy corruption strumpet. The word is 
old in our language: it occurs in addition to the name of a 
woman, or by way of description, in a return made by a jury 
in the sixth year of King Henry the fifth. See Cowel. Mr. 
Tooke refers, as the Etym. Diet, of 1691 had before, to a 
Dutch word, applying in the way of contempt for the name. 
Wachter notices strune as having been used, in the dialect 
of Lower Saxony, for a prostitute. See his Germ. Diet, in 
V. StrunzeJ A whore ; a prostitute. 
Ne’er could the strumpet. 
With all her double vigour, art, and nature. 
Once stir my temper; but this virtuous maid 
Subdues me quite. Shakspeare. 
STRU'MPET, adj. Like a strumpet; false; inconstant. 
How like a younker, or a prodigal. 
The scarfed bark puts from her native bay, 
Hugg’d and embraced by the strumpet wind! 
How like a prodigal doth she return. 
Lean, rent, and beggar’d by the strumpet wind! 
Shakspeare. 
To STRU'MPET, v. a. To make a whore; to debauch. 
If we two be one, and thou play false, 
I do digest the poison of thy flesh. 
Being strumpeted by the contagion. Shakspeare. 
STRUMPFIA [so named by Jacquin, in memory of 
Christoph. Car. Strumpff, Professor of Chemistry and Bo¬ 
tany, at Hall, in Madgeburgh], in Botany, a genus of the 
class syngenesia, order monogamia, natural order of compo- 
sitas nucamentaceae.—Generic Character. Calyx: perianth 
one-leafed, five-toothed, superior, very small, permanent. 
Corolla : petals five, oblong, obtuse, spreading. Stamina : 
filaments none. Anthers five, united into an ovate body. 
Pistil: germ inferior, roundish. Style awl-shaped, erect, 
commonly 
