C 60 STY 
broad-ovate, acute, imbricated, rough-edged; rather con¬ 
cave above. Flowers almost erect.—Found near Port Jack- 
son. 
5. Styphelia viridiflora, or green-flowered styphelia.— 
Leaves obovate-oblong, flat, obtuse, with a spinous point; 
smooth and even above; minutely roughish at the margin; 
spreading widely as well as the solitary flowers.—Found 
near Port Jackson. 
6. Styphelia triflora, or three-flowered styphelia.—Leaves 
elliptic-lanceolate, flat, smooth in every part, rather glau¬ 
cous. Branches smooth. Flowers approximated, from one 
to three on each stalk.—Native of the country near Port 
Jackson. 
7. Styphelia tubiflora, or crimson styphelia.—Leaves 
linear-obovate, slightly revolute; convex and roughish 
above. Flowers drooping.—Communicated in a dry state, 
with coloured drawings, from the neighbourhood of Port 
Jackson. 
STY'PTIC, or Sty'ptical, adj. [<rwsr7iKo?, Gr.; styp- 
tique, Fr. This is erroneously written stiptic. ] The same 
as astringent; but generally it expresses the most efficacious 
sort of astringents, or those which are applied to stop hae¬ 
morrhages.—Fruits of trees and shrubs contain phlegm, oil, 
and an essential salt, by which they are sharp, sweet, sour, 
or styptic!;. Arhuthnot. 
STYPTFCITY, s. [ stypticite , old Fr.] The power of 
staunching blood.—Catharticks of mercurials precipitate the 
viscidities by their stypticity, and mix with all animal acids. 
Floyer. 
STY'PTICK, s. An astringent medicine; a medicine 
applied to stop haemorrhages.—In an effusion of blood, 
having dossils ready dipt in the royal stipticlc, we applied 
them. Wiseman. 
STYRAP, or Styrrup, a township of England, in Not¬ 
tinghamshire ; 3 5 miles west-south-west of Bawtry. 
STYRAX [Snipaf of Theophrastus and Dioscorides,] in 
Botany, a genus of the class debandria, order monogynia, 
natural order of bicornes, guaicanae (Juss.) —Generic 
Character. Calyx: perianth one-leafed, cylindric, erect, 
short, five-toothed. Corolla: one-petalled, funnel-form; 
tube short, cylindric, length of the calyx; border five-parted, 
large, spreading; segments lanceolate, obtuse. Stamina : 
filaments ten, erect, in a ring, scarcely united at the base, 
awl-shaped, inserted into the corolla; anthers oblong, straight 
Pistil: germ superior, three-celled, many-seeded; style 
simple, length of the stamens ; stigma truncate. Pericarp : 
drupe roundish, one-celled. Seeds: nuts one or two, round¬ 
ish, acuminate, convex on one side, flat on the other; num¬ 
ber of stamens varies, but the natural number is ten.— 
Essential Character. Calyx inferior. Corolla funnel- 
form. Drupe two-seeded. 
1. Styrax officinale, or officinal storax.—The officinal 
Storax-tree rises twelve or fourteen feet high: the trunk is 
covered with a smooth grayish bark, and sends out many 
slender branches on every side. Leaves about two inches 
long, and an inch and half broad, of a bright green on their 
upper side, but hoary on their under; they are entire, and 
placed alternately on short footstalks. The flowers come 
out from the side of the branches, upon peduncles sustaining 
five or six flowers in a bunch; they are white, and appear 
in June.—Native of Italy and the Levant. 
Although the Storax-tree is indigenous to many of the south¬ 
ern parts of Europe, yet the resinous drug which it produces 
is only to be obtained in perfection from Asiatic Turkey. 
2. Styrax grandifolium, or large-leaved storax.—Leaves 
obovate, villose beneath; lower peduncles, axillary, solitary, 
one-flowered.—Native of South Carolina. 
3. Styrax benzoin, benzoin storax, or Benjamin-tree. 
—Leaves oblong, acuminate, tomentose beneath; racemes 
compound length of the leaves.—The Benzoin, or as it is 
corruptly called, the Benjamin-tree, is of quick growth, and 
rises to a considerable height: it sends off many strong 
round branches, which are covered with a tomentose or 
whitish downy bark. 
This tree is deemed in Sumatra, which is its native country, 
STY 
» 
to be of sufficient age in six years, or when the trunk is about 
seven or eight inches in diameter, to afford the Benzoin: the 
bark is then cut through longitudially, or somewhat obliquely, 
at the origin of the principal lower branches, from which 
the drug exudes in a liquid state, and by exposure to the sun 
and air soon concretes, when it is scraped off from the bark 
with a knife or chissel. The quantity which one tree affords 
never exceeds three pounds; nor are the trees found to sustain 
the effects of these annual incisions longer than ten or twelve 
years. The Benzoin which issues first from the wounded 
bark is the purest, being soft, extremely fragrant, and very 
white; that which is less esteemed, is of a brownish colour, 
very hard, and mixed with various impurities.—In Arabia, 
Persia, and other parts of the East the coarser sort is con¬ 
sumed in fumigating and perfuming the temples, and in 
destroying insects. 
4. Styrax lsevigatura, or smooth storax.—Leaves oblong, 
smooth on both sides; peduncles axillary, one-flowered, 
solitary, or two together.—Native of South Carolina. 
Propagation and Culture .—It may be propagated by < 
sowing the seeds in pots filled with fresh light earth, and 
plunged into a moderate hot-bed. This should be done as 
soon as possible when the seeds are procured, for if they are 
sown the latter end of summer, and the pots kept in a 
moderate hot-bed of tanner’s bark all the winter, the plants 
will come up the succeeding spring; whereas those sown in 
the spring, often remain in the ground a whole year before 
the plants come up. 
STYRIA, a large province of the Austrian empire, si¬ 
tuated between Austria proper and Illyria, and extending 
from 45. 54. to 47. 50. N. lat. Its form would be nearly 
square, did it comprize Carinthia, a province situated to the 
south-west. Its extent, equal to about one-fourth of Scot¬ 
land, is computed at 8500 square miles; its population, 
which, without being dense, is less thinly scattered than that 
of the northern part of Britain, is about 840,000. Its divi¬ 
sions are into Upper Styria towards the north, and Lower 
Styria towards the south. The former is subdivided into the 
circles of Judenburg and Bruck; the latter into those of 
Gratz, Marburg, and Cilley. Upper Styria is very moun¬ 
tainous, consisting in a great measure of a continuation of a 
branch of the Alps, which, after extending eastward through 
Switzerland, Tyrol, and Saltzburg, enter Styria at its western 
boundary, and continue their eastward direction throughout 
its whole extent. This range rises in various parts to the 
height of 7000, 8000, and 9000 feet, presenting several points 
covered with perpetual snow. A number of lateral ramifi¬ 
cations extend into Lower Styria, but become gradually 
lower as they remove from the main chain, till they present 
notiiing but small elevations, on the sides of which the vine 
is cultivated with success. The plains, however, even here, 
are not extensive, if we except that of Pettau, lying along the 
banks of the Drave. 
Styria abounds in physical phenomena. Natural excava¬ 
tions, sometimes of great extent, are found in the elevated 
districts; and some naturalists have imagined that one or two 
mountains presented volcanic appearances. The rivers are 
numerous, but seldom navigable: the principal are the Enns, 
the Muhr, the Drave, and the Save. The climate of Styria, 
presents great discrepancies, arising chiefly from the greater 
or less elevation of the soil. In Upper Styria the air is elas¬ 
tic and pure, but cold. Winter commonly begins in No¬ 
vember, and the snow lies on the hills till May. In Lower 
Styria the climate is much more temperate; the mountains 
shelter it from the north winds, but leave it open to the west. 
But though the air is in general of great purity, endemic 
fevers prevail in particular situations, and the constitutional 
imbecility or idiocy, called Cretiuism, is very common in the 
mountains. The quantity of rain is less than might be ex¬ 
pected, not exceeding 15 inches in the year. The soil of 
Styria is, with the exception of the higher mountains, in gene¬ 
ral fertile, and produces wheat, barley, oats, rye, and in the 
warmer situations, maize. The potatoe, though introduced 
so lately as the middle of the 18th century, is now become 
general. Agriculture is extremely backward, though irriga¬ 
tion 
