669 
SUB 
SUB 
SU'BSTITUTE, s. [substitut, Fr.] One placed by 
another to act with delegated power. 
Were you sworn to the duke, or to the deputy ? 
-To him and his substitutes. Shakspeare. 
It is used likewise for things; as, one medicine is a 
substitute for another. 
SUBSTITUTION, s. [ substitution , Fr.] The act of 
placing any person or thing in the room ot another; the 
state cf being placed in the room of another. 
He did believe 
He was the duke, from substitution. 
And executing th’ outward face of royalty, 
With all prerogative. Shalcspeare. 
To SUBSTRA'CT, v. a. [subtraho, Lat., soubstraire, 
French.] To take away part from the whole. See T'o 
Subtract. —To take one number from another. 
SUBSTRA'CTION, s. [soustraction, Fr.] The act of 
taking away part from the whole.—I cannot call this piece 
Tully’s nor my own, being much altered not only by the 
change of the style, but by addition and substrcction. 
Denham. 
SUBSTRATUM, s. [Latin.] A layer of earth, or any 
other substance lying under another.—A half-finished 
phantom of a substratuin. Baxter. 
SUBSTRU'CTION, s. [ substructio , from sub and struo, 
Lat.] Underbuilding.—Vaults and substructions that serve 
as foundations to the ponderous mass of buildings which 
compose the palace. Swinburne. 
SUBSTRU'CTURE, s. [s «6 and structure, Lat.] A 
foundation.—A substructure of their chronology, geogra¬ 
phy, and history. Harris. 
SUBSTY'LAR, adj. [ sub and stylus, Lat.] Substylar 
line is, in dialing, a right line, whereon the gnomon or style 
of a dial is erected at right angles with the plane.—Erect the 
style perpendicularly over the substilar line, so as to make 
an angle with the dial-plane equal to the elevation of the 
pole of your place. Moxon. 
SUBSU'LTIVE, or Subsu'ltory, adj. [subsu/tus, Lat.] 
Bounding; moving by starts.—I am levelling this rule 
against that subsultory way of delivery that rises like a storm 
in one part of the period, and presently sinks into a dead 
calm that will scarce reach the ear. Abp. Hort. 
SUBSU'LTORILY, adv. In a bounding manner; by 
fits; by starts.—The spirits spread even, and move not 
subsultorily; for that will make the parts close and pliant. 
Bacon. 
To SUBSU'ME, v. n. and sumo, Lat.] To assume 
a position by consequence.—St. Paul cannot name that word, 
“ sinners,” but must straight subsume in a parenthesis, “ of 
whom I am the chief.” Hammond. 
SUBTA'NGENT, s. In any curve, is the line which 
determines the intersection of the tangent in the axis pro¬ 
longed. 
To SUBTE'ND, v. a. [sub and tendo, Lat.] To be ex¬ 
tended under.—In rectangles and triangles the square, which 
is made of the side that subtendeth the right angle, is equal 
to the squares which are made of the sides containing the 
right angle. Brown. 
SUBTE'NSE, s. [sub and tensus, Lat.] The chord of 
an arch. 
SU'BTER. [Latin.] In composition, signifies under. 
SUBTERFLU'ENT, or Subte'rfluous, adj. [subterjluo, 
Latin.] Running under. 
SUBTERFUGE, s. [subterfuge, Fr., subter and fugio, 
Lat.] A shift; an evasion; a trick.—Affect not little 
shifts and subterfuges to avoid the force of an argument. 
Watts. 
SUBTERMOOKY, a river of Bengal, which forms one of 
the innumerable streams of the Delta of the Ganges. 
SU'BTERRANE, s. [soubterrain, Fr., sub and terra, 
Lat.] A subterraneous structure; a room under ground.— 
Josephus mentions vast subterranes in some of the hills in 
the part of Canaan called Galilee, and in Trachonites. 
Bryant. 
Vo l. XXIII. No. 1599 
SUBTERRA'NEAL, Subterra'nean, Subterra'ne- 
ous, or Su'bterrany, adj. [sub and terra, Lat., soub¬ 
terrain, Fr. Subterranean or subterraneous is the word 
now used.] Lying under the earth; placed below the 
surface. 
Tell by what paths, what subterranean ways, 
Back to the fountain’s head the sea conveys 
The refluent rivers. Blackmore, 
SU'BTERRANY, s. What lies under the earth or below 
the surface.—In subterranies, as the fathers of their tribes, 
are brimstone and mercury. Bacon. 
SUBTERRA'NITY, s. [sub and terra, Lat.] A place 
under ground. Not in use. —We commonly consider 
subterranities not in contemplations sufficiently respective 
unto the creation. Brown. 
SU'BTILE, adj. [subtile, Fr., subtilis, Lat., from sub 
and tela. This word is often written subtle ; it has been 
proposed to restrict the latter orthoepy to the metaphorical, 
and subtile to the material senses of the word.—Thin; not 
dense; not gross. 
From his eyes the fleeting fair 
Retir’d, like subtle smoke dissolv’d in air. Dryden. 
Nice; fine ; delicate ; not coarse. 
But of the clock which in our breasts we bear. 
The subtile motions we forget the while. Davies. 
Piercing; acute. 
Pass we the slow disease and subtile pain. 
Which our weak frame is destin’d to sustain ; 
The cruel stone, the cold catarrh. Prior. 
Cunning; artful; sly; subdolous. 
Think you this York 
Was not incensed by his subtle mother. 
To taunt and scorn you ? Shakspeare. 
O subtile love, a thousand wiles thou hast 
By humble suit, by service, or by hire, 
To win a maiden’s hold. Fairfax. 
Deceitful. 
Like a bowl upon a subtle ground, 
I’ve tumbled past the throw. Shakspeare. 
Refined; acute beyond necessity.—Thing's remote from 
use, obscure and subtle. Milton. 
SU'BTILELY, ado. In a subtile manner; thinly; not 
densely.—The opakest bodies, if subtilely divided, as 
metals dissolved in acid menstruums, become perfectly 
transparent. Newton. —Artfully; cunningly.—By granting 
this, add the reputation of loving the truth sincerely to that 
of having been able to oppose it subtilely. Boyle. 
SU'BTILENESS, s. Fineness; rareness. Cunning; 
artfulness. 
To SUBTI'LIATE, v. a. To make thin.—A very dry 
and warm or subtilating air opens the surface of the earth. 
Harvey. 
SUBTILIA'TION, 5. [subfiliation, Fr.] The act of 
making thin. 
SUBTILIZATION, s. Subtilization is making any 
thing so volatile as to rise readily in steam or vapour.— 
Fluids have their resistances proportional to their densities, 
so that no subtilization, division of parts, or refining can 
alter these resistances. Cheyne. —Refinement; superfluous 
acuteness. 
To SU'BTILIZE. v. a. [subtilizer, Fr.] To make 
thin; to make less gross or coarse.—Chyle, being mixed 
with the choler and pancreatic juices, is further subtilized, 
and rendered so fluid and penetrant, that the thinner and 
finer part easily finds way in at the straight orifices of the 
lacteous veins. Hay. —To refine; to spin info useless 
niceties.—The most obvious verity is subtilized into niceties, 
and spun into a thread indiscernable by common optics. 
Glanville. 
To SU'BTILIZE, v. n. To talk with too much refine¬ 
ment.—Qualities and moods some modern philosophers have 
subtilized on. Digby. 
8 H SU'BTILTY, 
