S W E 
SWE'ARING, s. The act of declaring upon oath; the 
act or practice of using profane oaths. 
All those sayings will I over-swear, 
And all those swearings keep as true in soul. 
As doth that orbed continent the fire 
That severs day from night. Skahspeare. 
SWEAT, s. [j'jjeac, Saxon; swett, Su. Goth, zct, He¬ 
brew.] The matter evacuated at the pores by heat or labour. 
Soft on the flowery herb I found me laid 
In balmy sweat. Milton. 
, Labour; toil; drudgery. 
The field 
To labour calls us, now with sweat impos’d. Milton. 
Evaporation of moisture.—Beans give in the mow; and 
therefore those that are to be kept are not to be thrashed ’till 
March, that they have had a thorough sweat in the mow. 
Mortimer. 
To SWEAT, v. n. pret. swat or swate, swct, sweated; 
partic. pass, sweaten; [j'paetan, Saxon.] To be moist on 
the body with heat or labour. 
Let them be free, marry them to your heirs, 
Why sweat they under burdens ? Skahspeare. 
To toil; to labour; to drudge. 
How the drudging goblin swet 
To earn his cream bowl duly set; 
When in one night, ere glimpse of morn, 
His shadowy flail hath thresh’d the corn. Milton. 
To emit moisture.—Wainscots will sweat so that they run 
with water. Bacon. 
To SWEAT; v. a. To emit as sweat. 
Grease that’s sweaten 
From the murderer’s gibbet, throw 
Into the flame. Skahspeare. 
To make to sweat. 
SWE'ATER, s. One who sweats, or makes to sweat.— 
These sweaters seem to me to have at present but a rude 
kind of discipline amongst them. Spectator. 
SWE'ATILY, adv. So as to be moist with sweat; in a 
sweaty state. 
SWE'ATINESS, s. The state of being sweaty. Ask. 
SWE'ATING, s. [pjraccunj. Sax.] The act of making 
to sweat. Moisture emitted.—In cold evenings there will be 
a moisture or sweating upon the stool. Mortimer. 
SWE'ATY, adj. [|])acij, Sax.] Covered with sweat; 
moist with sweat.—The rabblement hooted and clapped their 
chopp’d hands, and threw up their sweaty night-caps, 
Skahspeare. —Consisting of sweat. 
And then, so nice, and so genteel. 
Such cleanliness fiom head to heel; 
No humours gross, or frowsy steams. 
No noisome whiff’s, or sweaty streams. Swift. 
Laborious: toilsome. 
Those who labour 
The sweaty forge, who edge the crooked scythe. 
Bend stubborn steel, and harden gleening armour, 
Acknowledge Vulcan’s aid. Prior. 
SWEDE, s. A native of Sweden.-—What the Swede 
intends, and what the French. Milton. 
SWEDEN, an extensive kingdom in the north of Europe 
which has experienced great territorial changes since 1809. 
It lost in that year the valuable province of Finland, and in 
1814 received the accession of Norway, on ceding the com¬ 
paratively insignifiicant province of Swedish Pomerania. 
Sweden, exclusive of Norway, but inclusive of Swedish 
Lapland, is a country of great length, stretching from 55. 
20. to 69. of N. lat. about 1000 miles; its breadth, though 
not proportioned to its length, is between 200 and 300 
miles, in one part from 11. 10. to 23. 20. of east long; and 
the whole contains an area of 172,000 square miles, of which 
about one-third belongs to Swedish Lapland. 
DEN. 783 
Norway, though a distinct kingdom, is governed by the 
same sovereign; and the extent of this country, including 
Norwegian Lapland, is so great as to carry the s total surface 
of the two kingdoms to 343,000 square miles, constituting 
them the most extensive monarchy in Europe after Russia; 
but as the population hardly exceeds 3,300,000, its rank, in 
this far more essential point, is not above the twelth of the 
European states. 
Sweden is bounded on the north by Norwegian Lapland, 
on the east by the gulf of Bothnia and the Baltic, on the 
south and west by portions of the Baltic and by Norway. 
The statistics of Sweden have been an object of attention 
with a government office since 1746, when returns of the 
population were ordered to be made once in five years. 
They are on the whole tolerably correct. In regard to 
territorial divisions there prevails at present a degree of per¬ 
plexity in maps and geopraphical works, from an indiscrimi¬ 
nate use of the old and new divisions. Sweden consisted 
originally of three kingdoms, Gothland, Sweden proper, 
andNorrland, the last including Swedish Lapland. Each of 
these was divided into provinces, but this distinction is now 
abolished, and the whole kingdom divided into 23 districts, 
called tens or governments. 
The number of inhabitants for each square mile is in Goth¬ 
land or the southern provinces, 38; in the central part of 
the kingdom, nearly 21; but in Norland, only If, giving 
for the whole kingdom little more than 14 persons per square 
mile, which is not above one-fourteenth of the relative den¬ 
sity of population in Great Britain. The ratio of increase is 
not rapid, but is understood to be least slow in the northern 
provinces. 
Sweden, though inclosed by mountains on the west and 
north, is in general a very flat country; and it is remark¬ 
able that along the whole road from Gottenburg in the west to 
Stockholm in the east, there is not a single acclivity of 
consequence, till within a few miles of the latter. The great 
mountain chain on the west begins at a short distance from 
Gottenburg, and extends northward many hundred miles, 
forming the limit, first between Sweden and Norway, next 
between Swedish and Norwegian Lapland, and finally ter¬ 
minating in the direction of the North Cape. From this 
vast range, several subordinate chains separate and traverse 
both Swedish Lapland and Sweden in an easterly direction; 
but in the latter they are in general so insignificant as to do 
little more than vary the aspect of the country, and determine 
the course of the rivers. In the south of Sweden, a small 
but distinct range crosses the country (Smaland) from sea to 
sea, and in particular provinces, as West Gothland, there are 
insulated mountains of considerable height. 
The climate of Sweden is less severe than might be expect¬ 
ed in so high a latitude. In Stockholm the average of tem¬ 
perature throughout the year is four degrees higher than at 
St. Petersburg—a difference arising, not from greater heat 
in summer, but from less intensity of cold in winter. Win¬ 
ter is in Sweden by no means an unpleasant season : the winds 
are seldom violent; the cold, without being extreme, is 
steady, and being very rarely interrupted by a thaw, the 
snow remains unmelted, the roads dry, and travelling is 
both agreeable and expeditious. The summer is, in like 
manner, free from intense heat; while the long duration of 
sunshine in the northern provinces brings forward the crop 
with a rapidity that counterbalances the shortness of the 
season. The most inconstant and most unhealthy part of 
the year is spring. The quantity of rain that falls annually 
in Sweden is not great, having been found not to exceed 19 
inches, even in the southern provinces. 
The most striking feature in the appearance of Sweden is 
the number and extent of its lakes, which are computed to 
occupy 9200 square miles, nearly an eighteenth of the whole 
surface. These lakes are vast sheets of water, pure, trans¬ 
parent, abounding in fish, and in several cases of great 
importance to navigation. The lake of Wenner, the largest 
of all, and situated in the south-west of the kingdom, com¬ 
municates with Gottenburg by the canal of Trolhsetta, and 
is likely ere long to communicate with Stockholm, as soon 
as 
