TAR 
monly used for a defensive weapon, less in circumference 
than a shield. 
Henceforward will I bear 
Upon my target three fair shining suns. „ Shakspsare. 
TARGEA, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of 
Valladolid, which contains 130 families of Indians, besides 
Spaniards and Mulattoes, employed in working the 
mines. 
TARGETI'ER, s. One armed with a target.—-For horse¬ 
men and for targetiers none could with him compare. 
Chapman. 
TARGIONI (Tozzetti, Giovanni), an eminent Italian 
physician, was bom at Florence in 1712, and took his de¬ 
gree of M. D. at Pisa, where he had studied and acquired 
singular reputation. He published his “ Relazioni d’alcuni 
Viaggi fatti in diverse parte della Toscana per osservar le 
Produzioni naturali, e gli antichi Monument! A’esse,” Firenz. 
t. 1. 1751, 8vo. As a physician, he also published several 
pieces, and among these were “ Directions for the Recovery 
of drowned Persons ” At length, in January, 1782, being 
in his 71st year, his life terminated by a gradual decay. 
Haller. Gen. Biog. 
TARGIONIA [so named by Micheli, in honour of Cy- 
priana Targioni, M. D. of Florence, who had a museum 
there], in Botany, a genus of the class cryptogamia, order 
hepatic®. — Generic Character. Calyx two-valved, com¬ 
pressed, containing at bottom a capsule nearly globular, 
many-seeded. 
Targionia hypophylla.—Not larger than the finger nail. 
Green not pellucid, rough with white rising dots. Leaf cor¬ 
date-lanceolate, at first green, afterwards dark purple, black¬ 
ish underneath. Fructification at the end, on the under side, 
the size of a vetch. Calyx black ; opening, containing the 
fruit covered with a yellowish skin, and filled with a yel¬ 
lowish pulp which rubs to powder between the fingers, and 
stains them.—Native of Italy, Spain, Constantinople, Flan¬ 
ders, Saxony about Dresden, and England near Dawlish in 
Devonshire. Flowering from March to May. 
TA'RGUM, s. [Hebrew.] A paraphrase on Scripture in 
the Chaldee language.—This seed, there spoken of, is Christ, 
as both the targums expound it. Patrick. 
TAR'GUMIST, s. A writer in the targums. 
TARGON, a small town in the south-west of France, de¬ 
partment of the Gironde. Population 1100 ; 17 miles north¬ 
west of La Reole, and 18 east-south-east of Bourdeaux. 
TARGOROD, a small town in the north of European 
Turkey, in Moldavia, on the river Sereth. 
TARGOWICA, or Tergowioe, a small town of Rus¬ 
sian Poland, in the government of Podolia, on the river 
Simicha. A confederation was formed here in 1791, by 
some noblemen, to support the new constitution of Poland, 
so soon subverted by the arms of Russia; 78 miles east-south¬ 
east of Braclaw. 
TARHAR, a small district of Hindostan, province of 
Allahabad, bounded on the north by the river Jumna, near 
its confluence with the Ganges. It belongs to the British, 
but its inhabitants are chiefly Hindoos. 
TARIFA, a petty town of the south-west of Spain, situ¬ 
ated on a small bay on the north side of the straits of Gib¬ 
raltar. It was formerly large, but has now only about 4800 
inhabitants, whose chief employment is fishing. It is forti¬ 
fied with a wall and towers; and so lately as 1811, a British 
party lodged in it baffled all the efforts of the French to take 
it, after a long siege. It was the Julia Tradueta of the 
Romans, and received its present name from the Moors; 17 
miles west-south-west of Gibraltar. 
TA'RIFF, s. [perhaps a Spanish word; tarif, Fr.] A 
cartel of commerce.—This branch of our trade was regu¬ 
lated by a tariff, or declaration of the duties of import and 
export. Addison. —It is also a RooA - of Rates; a table or cata¬ 
logue, drawn usually in- alphabetical order, containing the 
names of several kinds of merchandize, with the duties or 
customs to be paid for the same, as settled by authority, and 
TAR 851 
agreed on between the several princes and states, that hold 
commerce together. Cham hers. 
TARIJA, a jurisdiction of South America, in Peru, but 
placed under the viceroyalty of Buenos Ayres. This is re¬ 
presented as a charming and fertile country, with a serene 
sky and a fine temperature of air, producing wheat, maize, 
and all other things that are essential to the support of man ; 
together with the tree which produces the herb of Paraguay, 
the cocoa, the vine, and flax, which is cultivated merely 
for the sake of its seed. In the abundance of pastures is fed 
a vast number of cattle and sheep. The annual transports 
of black cattle alone are computed at little less than 10,000 
head, which are valued at from eight to ten piastres each. 
The hides tanned and prepared form sole leather for the in¬ 
habitants of La Plata, Potosi, &c. The demands for Span¬ 
ish and colonial merchandize annually exceed 60,000 piastres; 
the returns for which are made in productions of the pro¬ 
vince. St. Bernardo de Tarija is the chief town. Chicas 
and Tarija form one government. 
TARIJA, St. Bernardo de, the capital of the above 
province, was built in 1591, to restrain the hostilities com¬ 
mitted by the Indians. It has several convents; 320 miles 
north of St. Miguel de Tucuman. Lat 22. 14. S. long. 65. 
20. W. 
TARIJA, a river of South America, which runs into the 
Vermejo, in the province of Tucuman. 
TARIMBARO, a settleihent of Mexico, in the intendancy 
of Valladolid, containing 25 families of Spaniards, and 184 
of Indians. 
TARKIO CREEK, a river of the United States, in Loui¬ 
siana, which runs into the Missouri; 483 miles from the 
Mississippi. 
TARLAND, a parish of Scotland, in Aberdeenshire, to 
which is united that of Migvy. It forms an irregular district 
on the western borders of the county. Population 932. 
TARKLAND, a village in the foregoing parish, with a 
weekly market and six annual fairs. It contains about 150 
inhabitants. 
TARLETON, a township of England, in Lancashire; 8 
miles north-by-east of Ormskirk. Population 1281. 
TARLETON, a post township of the United States, in 
Pickaway county, Ohio ; 17 miles north-east of Chillicothe. 
TARMA, a province of Peru, comprehending several 
minor districts, and bounded by Truxillo on the north, 
the Pacific on the east, the Apurimac on the west, and Lima 
and Guancavelica on the south. The climate varies with 
the elevation of the ground. On the sea-coast it is hot; but 
in the interior it varies, being generally cold. It is, how¬ 
ever, very productive in maize, and has abundance of 
cattle, the wool of which they manufacture into cloth, this 
being one principal branch of trade. It has many mines of 
silver, and also quicksilver, which are worked to consider¬ 
able profit. 
TARMA, the capital of the above province, is situated on 
the north shore of the river Chanchamayo, a branch of the 
Para. It is situated in a deep narrow valley, and inhabited 
chiefly by creoles, mestizoes, and Indians. The adjoining 
district is very fertile; but the climate is unhealthy, as the 
surrounding high mountains prevent a free circulation of air. 
Near this place are two quicksilver mines. Two veins with 
antimony and white silver ore are worked; and in several 
pits they dig native saltpetre of an excellent quality; 103 
miles east-north-east of Lima, and 92 south of Guanuco. 
Lat 11. 35. S. long. 75. 17. W. 
TARMON HILL, a mountain of Ireland, in the county 
of Mayo, and southern part of the peninsula of Mullet. 
TARMUTOLA, a town of Italy, in the central part of 
the kingdom of Naples, in the Basilicata. Population 4000. 
It is 10 miles east of Marsico Nuovo, and 28 north-east of 
Policastro. Being an inland place, and at a distance from 
the great roads, its trade is inconsiderable. 
TARN, s. [ t.iaurn , Icelandic.] A bog; a fen; a 
marsh; a pool; a quagmire.—A pasture overflowed with 
water, not much unlike a tarn or lough, whence the grass 
by 
