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island, abound in fossils, among which the Cornua Am- 
monis has been found measuring upwards of three feet in 
diameter. 
To THANK, v. a. [Sancian, Sax.; dancken, Dutch; 
thanlcen. Germ.] To return acknowledgments for any 
favour or kindness. 
For your stubborn answer 
The king shall know it, and, no doubt, thank you. 
Shakspeare. 
It is used often in a contrary or ironical sense. 
Ill fare our ancestor impure. 
For this we may thank Adam. Milton. 
THANK, or Thanks, s. [Sane, Sancap, Sax^; danckc, 
Dutch.] Acknowledgment paid for favour or kindness; 
expression of gratitude. Thanks is commonly used of 
verbal acknowledgment; gratitude, of real repayment. 
It is seldom used in the singular.—The poorest service is 
repaid with thanks. Shakspeare. —Some embrace suits 
which never mean to deal effectually in them; but they will 
win a thank, or take a reward. Bacon. —The tiller shall 
root up all that burdens the soil without thank to your 
bondage. Milton. 
THANKFUL, adj. [Sancjul, Sax.] Full of gratitude; 
ready to acknowledge good received.—In favour, to use 
men with much difference is good; for it maketh the person 
preferred more thankful, and the rest more officious. Bacon. 
THA'NKFULLY, adv. With lively and grateful sense 
of good received.—Here is better than the open air; take it 
thankfully. Shakspeare. 
THANKFULNESS, s. Gratitude; lively sense or ready 
acknowledgment of good received.—Sweet prince, you learn 
me noble thankfulness. Shakspeare. 
THANKLESS, adj. Unthankful; ungrateful; making 
no acknowledgment. 
That she may feel 
How sharper than a serpent’s tooth it is, 
To have a thankless child. Shakspeare. 
Not deserving, or not likely, to gain thanks. 
Wage still their wars, 
And bring home on thy breast more thankless scars. 
Crashaw. 
THA'NKLESSNESS, s. Ingratitude; failure to acknow¬ 
ledge good received. 
Not t’ have written then, seems little less 
Than worst of civil vices, thanklessness. Donne. 
THANKO'FFERING, s. Offering paid in acknow¬ 
ledgment of mercy.—A thousand thankoferings are due 
to that Providence which has delivered our nation from 
these absurd iniquities. Watts. 
THANKOTE, a town of Hindostan, province of Nepaul. 
It is situated on an eminence, and is fortified. Lat. 27. 41. 
N. long. 84. 54. E. 
To THANKSGI'VE, v. a. To celebrate; to distinguish 
by solemn rites. Not in use. —To thanksgive or blesse a 
thing in way to a sacred use, he took to be an offering of it 
unto God. Mede. 
TIIANKSGI'VER, s. A giver of thanks.—We find our 
never-to-be-forgotten example, the devout thanksgiver. 
David, continually declaring the great price he set upon 
the divine favours. Barrow. 
THANKSGI'VING, s. Celebration of mercy.—Of old 
there were songs of praise and thanksgiving unto God. Neh. 
TIIA'NKWORTHY, adj. Deserving gratitude; merito¬ 
rious.—This is thankworthy, if a man endure grief. 1 Pet. 
THANN, a town in the north-east of France, in Alsace 
on the small river Thuron. It has 4200 inhabitants, and 
manufactures on a small scale, of linen, cotton, leather; 
also of iron. The neighbouring country admits of favour¬ 
able situations for the culture of the vine; 22 miles south¬ 
west of Colmar. 
TIIANNHAUSEN, a small town of Germany, in Bavaria, 
on the Mindel; 20 miles west-south-west of Augsburg, with 
1500 inhabitants. 
THANN HEIM, a large village in the west of Germany, 
in Wirtemberg, near Ochsenhausen, with 1000 inhabitants. 
THANNINGTON, a parish of England, in Kent, situated 
on the banks of the Stour; 1| mile south-west-by-west of 
Canterbury. 
TIIAPSIA [of Pliny. of Dioscorides: from Thap - 
sus, a town of Africa], in Botany, a genus of the class pen- 
tandria, order digynia, natural order of umbellatse or umbel- 
liferse.—Generic Character. Calyx: umbel universal, large, 
of about twenty rays, almost equal in length; partial of as 
many rays, almost equal. Involucre universal none; partial 
none. Perianth proper scarcely to be observed. Corolla 
universal uniform. Florets all fertile. Proper of five petals, 
lanceolate, curved in. Stamina: filaments five, capillary, 
length of the corolla. Anthers simple.’ Pistil: germ oblong, 
inferior. Styles two, short. Stigmas obtuse. Pericarp none. 
Fruit oblong, girt longitudinally by a membrane, bipartile. 
Seeds two, very large, oblong, convex, acuminate at both 
ends, girt with a margin fiat on both sides, entire and large, 
emarginate at top and bottom.— Essential Character. Fruit 
oblong, surrounded by a membrane. 
1. Thapsia villosa—Leaflets toothed, villose, coadunate 
at the base. Roots thick, fleshy, in shape of a carrot, black¬ 
ish on the outside, but white within, bitter and very acrid, 
with a little aromatic taste. Stem spongy, rising about two 
feet high, dividing upwards into two or three small branches, 
each terminated by a large umbel of yellow flowers.—Native 
of Spain, Portugal, the South of France, Italy and Algiers. 
2. Thapsia foetida.—Leaflets multifid, narrowed at the 
base. The leaves of this sort are cut into many narrow seg¬ 
ments, almost as small as those of the garden carrot, but 
rough and hairy.—Native of Spain and Italy. 
3. Thapsia asclepium.—Leaves digitate; leaflets bipin- 
nate, setaceous, multifid.—Native of Apulia and the Levant. 
4. Thapsia garganica.—Leaves pinnate; leaflets pinnati- 
fid; segments lanceolate.—Native of Barbary. 
5. Thapsia trifoliata.—Leaves ternate, ovate.—Native of 
North America. 
6. Thapsia polygama. — Leaves decompound; leaflets 
acute; involucre pinnatifid at the tip; central flowers abor¬ 
tive.—Native of Barbary, near Bone by the sea coast. 
Propagation and Culture. —These plants are all propa¬ 
gated by seeds, which should be sown in autumn: for if 
they are kept out of the ground till spring, they often mis¬ 
carry, or if they grow, they commonly lie a whole year in 
the ground before the plants come up; whereas those seeds 
which are sown in autumn, generally grow the following 
spring. These should be sown in drills, in the place where 
they are designed to remain. 
THARANT, a small town of Saxony; 8 miles west-by¬ 
south of Dresden. 
THARM, 5 . [Seaprn, Sax.; darm, Dutch, the gut. ] 
Intestines twisted for several uses. 
TIIARSTON, a parish of England, in Norfolk; 1 mile 
north-west of St. Mary Stratton. Population 369. 
THASOS, Thassus, or Tasso, an island in the north of 
Greece, in the gulf of Contessa, only 4 miles from the main¬ 
land, in lat. 40. 46. 40. N. long. 24. 39. 9. E. It is of an 
irregular shape, about 12 miles long and 8 broad. 
THAT, pronoun, [that, that.a. Gothic ; Saec, Sax.; dat, 
Dutch.] Not this, but the other.—He wins me by that 
means I told you. Shakspeare. —Which; relating to an 
antecedent thing.—The sinner makes an aberration from 
the scope or mark that is set before him. Perkins. 
You’ll rue the time 
That clogs me with this answer. Shakspeare. 
Who; relating to an antecedent person. [In our manage¬ 
ment of the relatives who, which, that, it may be a good 
general rule to apply who to persons, which to things, and 
that to things chiefly. But when the antecedent is the 
second person, not only that, but which, is used for who by 
our best writers. And this use, which is enough authorised, 
may be worth retaining, not merely for the grace of variety, 
but for the convenience of pronunciation. Bp. Hurd. —It 
