938 
THE 
between the centres of the particles of all gases the same, so 
that the weights of equal volumes of different gases, would 
be as the weights of the atoms. 
This would also require, that the attraction between the 
particles should either be the same in all, or that it should be 
nothing; and the distance of the particles be at points where 
the repulsion of the calorific atmosphere is balanced by the 
incumbent pressure. 
The state here supposed, however, is not the case, since we 
find that the weights of the atoms of the gases generally are 
not equal to the specific gravity, when reduced to the same 
standard, although it is strictly the case with a great propor¬ 
tion of them. And in those cases where they are not equal, 
the one is said to be some multiple of the other, by a whole 
number. 
This circumstance favours the hope that some general law 
exists, by which the weights of the atoms of bodies are in¬ 
timately connected with their specific gravities in the elastic 
form. When the specific gravity is double the weight of the 
atom, as is the case with oxygen, we have to suppose, that 
the particles are nearer each other in the proportion of 2 to 1, 
or that two particles come together, and (are surrounded by 
the caloric, which belongs to one of them in their single state. 
It would appear that the oxygen puts on this single state 
of existence in the formation of carbonic oxyd, because that 
gaseous body contains only one atom of oxygen ; hence 
its specific gravity is the same as if it were formed from a 
gaseous oxygen of half the real specific gravity united to 
an atom of carbon without any change of volume, the same 
as takes place when sulphur or carbon is burned in oxygen 
gas. Hence we may explain the great tendency that oxygen 
has to combine in double doses with bodies, as is the case 
with carbon, sulphur, phosphorus, iron, and many other 
bodies. 
We have also an instance of a compound gaseous body be¬ 
coming of double the specific gravity which would be ex¬ 
pected in olefacient gas, which is composed of an atom of 
carbon and an atom of hydrogen. The specific gravity 
(hydrogen being 1) ought to be 1 + 5.4— 6.4 ; but in 
fact it is about the double of this. Hence we should conclude, 
that the repulsion between the particles is halved, or that the 
compound atoms have united in pairs, by which the density 
is doubled. 
THEOSO'PHICAL, or Theoso'phic, adj. [®eo? and 
•a-ofoi;. Gr.] Divinely wise. Coles.- —There is a various inter¬ 
texture of theosovhical and philosophical truths. More. 
THEOSOPHISTS, the denomination of a class of philo¬ 
sophers, who professed to derive their knowledge of nature 
from divine revelation. 
THEOXENIA [©eo^evia, Gr.], in Antiquity, a festival in 
honour of all the gods, and celebrated in' many cities of 
Greece, but especially Athens. 
THJERAH, a town of Hindostan, province of Gujerat, and 
district of Khakreze. It is a large open town, and subject to 
a Hindoo chief called Zalim Sing. Lat. 24. 30. N. long. 71. 
57. E. 
TIIERAPEUTiE, 5re&«7retJT«i, a Greek term signifying 
servants, more especially those employed in the service of 
God. The Greeks gave the appellation therapeutce to such 
as applied themselves to a contemplative life, whether it 
were from the great concern they had for their souls, or 
from the particular mode and manner of their religion; the 
word Sepaneveiv, whence therapeutce, signifying the care a 
physician takes of his patient, or the service any one renders 
another. 
THERAPE'UTICAL, or Therape'utic, adj. [ theera- 
pcutique, Fr.; frepaicevTios, Greek.] Curative; teaching or 
endeavouring the cure of diseases.—This remedy, in my 
opinion, should rather be propbylactical, for prevention of the 
disease, than therapeutical, for the cure of it. Ferrand. 
THERAPIIIM, or Teraphim, an Hebrew term, which 
has given great exercise to the critics. We meet with it thir¬ 
teen or fourteen times in Scripture, where it is commonly 
interpreted idols: but the rabbins are not contented to have 
it simply signify idols, but will have it denote a peculiar 
THE 
sort of idols or images intended for the knowledge of futurity, 
i. e. oracles. 
THERAUD, an extensive district of Hindostan, province 
of Gujerat, of which it forms the north-west frontier. It 
contains 32 villages; but as water is very scarce, there not 
being a river in the whole district, the cultivation is but 
scanty. 
THERAUD, the capital of the above mentioned district, 
and residence of the chief. Lat. 24. 37. N. long. 71. 58. E. 
THERE, aclv. [thar, Gothic; gaep, Saxon; daer , Dutch; 
der, Danish.] In that place. 
If they come to sojourn at my house. 
I’ll not be there. Shakspeare. 
It is opposed to here .—To see thee fight, to see thee tra¬ 
verse, to see thee here , to see thee there. Shakspeare. 
An exclamation directing something at a distance. 
Your fury hardens me. 
A guard there ; seize her. Dry den „ 
It is used at the beginning of a sentence with the appear¬ 
ance of a nominative case, but serves only to throw the no¬ 
minative behind the verb : as, a man came, or, there came 
a man. It adds however some emphasis, which, 'like many 
other idioms in every language, must be learned by custom, 
and can hardly be explained. It cannot always be omitted 
without harshness: as, in old times there was a great king. 
—Wherever there is sense or perception, there some idea is 
actually produced. Locke. —In composition it means that .- 
as thereby, by that. 
THEREABOUT, or Thereabouts, adv. [Lye, with 
Hickes, considers there, in composition, as the genitive 
dative, and ablative, of the Sax. article Ssep; and thus 
explain thereafter by post hoc, hcec, vel ea; thereof, 
by de vel ex eo, ea. Us, Sec. thus excluding the adverb, 
strictly speaking, from the several combinations. There¬ 
abouts is therefore less proper.] Near that place.—One 
speech I lov’d; ’twas iEneas’s tale to Dido; and there¬ 
about of it especially where he speaks of Priam’s slaughter. 
Shakspeare. —Nearly ; near that number, quantity, or state. 
Find a house to lodge a hundred and fifty persons, whereof 
twenty or thereabouts may be attendants. Milton .—Con¬ 
cerning that matter.—As they were much perplexed there¬ 
about, two men stood by. St. Luke. 
THEREA'FTER, adv. According to that; accord¬ 
ingly. 
If food were now before thee set, 
Would’st thou not eat ? thereafter as I like 
The giver. Milton.. 
After that. [Saep-sej-Cep, Sax., post hoc.\ 
Herselfe then tooke he by the slender wast 
In vaine loud crying, and. into the flood 
Over the castle walle adowue her cast. 
And there her drowned in the dirty mud.— 
Thereafter all that mucky pelfe he tooke, 
The spoile of people’s evil gotten good, 
The which her sire had scrap’d by hooke and crooke. 
Spenser.. 
THEREA'T, adv. At that; on that account.—Every 
errour, is a stain to the beauty of nature; for which cause 
it blusheth thereat but glorieth in the contrary. Hooker. 
—At that place.—Wide is the gate and broad is the 
way that leadeth to destruction, and many go in thereat. 
St. Matt. 
THEREBY, adv. By that; by means of that; incon¬ 
sequence of that.—Some parts of our liturgy consist in 
the reading of the word of God, and the proclaiming of 
his law, that the people may thereby learn what their duties 
are towards him. Hooker .—'Near or by that place. 
There was an holy chappell edifyde. 
Wherein the hermite dewly went to say 
His holy things each morne and eventyde: 
Thereby a christall streame did gently play, 
Which from a sacred fountaine welled forth alway. Spenser. 
THEREFORE, 
