14 
T I R 
T I R 
46. Tipula pallipes.—Smooth-brown; with hyaline un¬ 
spotted wings, and palish legs. 
47. Tipula macrocephala.—Greenish ; with eyes and 
back of the thorax black.—In the marshes and moist shores 
of Europe. 
48. Tipula pusilla.—Green; with three black spots on 
the hinder part of the thorax; antennae of the male plu¬ 
mose.—In the lakes of Europe. 
49. Tipula marci.—Black, smooth ; with blackish wings; 
fore-thighs furrowed inwards.—In the dunghills and putre¬ 
scent soil of Europe: probably a variety of hortulana. 
50. Tipula thomse.—Black, smooth; with black wings; 
sides of the abdomen marked with a saffron line.—At Upsal. 
51. Tipula chrysanthemi.—Black, smooth; the abdomen 
red at the base; the antennae incrassated, pilose.—On the 
chrysanthemus coronarius of Spain. 
52. Tipula Johannis.—Black, smooth ; white wings; black 
point; short antennae; black legs.—In shady parts of Europe. 
53. Tipula pomonee.—Black, smooth; hyaline wings; 
black point; ferruginous thighs.—In the plains of England 
and Norway. 
54. Tipula forcipata.—With cylindric black abdomen; 
wings brown-hyaline; anus appendiculated.—An English 
insect. 
55. Tipula vernans.—Cinereous; thorax black-lineated; 
white wings spotted with brown.—In meadows of Denmark. 
56. Tipula hortulana.—With hyaline wings; exterior 
margin black.—In the flowers of asparagus and apple. 
57. Tipula phalaenoides.—With wings deflexed, cinereous, 
ovate-lanceolated, ciliated.—In the walls of dunghills in 
Europe. 
58. Tipula hirta.—Hairy; with wings deflexed, ovate- 
ciliated, tessellated with white and black.—In Lapland. 
59. Tipula persicarise.—Black; with wings incumbent, 
subciliated.—Under the leaves of the peach-tree. 
60. Tipula notata.—Black; with white wings; with a 
white spot in front of the sides of the abdomen.—In Europe. 
61. Tipula juniperina.—Cinereous; with white wings; 
margin villous.—Found in the juniper. 
62. Tipula culiciformis.—Cinereous; with pallid legs; 
wings marked with two blackish spots.—At Upsal. 
63. Tipula incarnata.—Incarnated; with moderate an¬ 
tennas.—At Upsal. 
64. Tipula bipunctata.—Brown; wings cinereous; mar¬ 
ginal point white.—Found in Europe. 
65. Tipula sericea.—Black; back black; sides of the 
thorax bare; balancers yellow.—In Sweden. 
66. Tipula minutissima.—Yellow; eyes concurring in the 
vertex black.—In the ditches of Sweden and Austria. 
67. Tipula pulicaris.—Black; sides of the thorax scutel- 
lum, and abdomen yellow.—In the ditches of Europe. 
68. Tipula pennicornis.—With antennae bipectinate; 
black body; halterers, or balancers, white.—In the flowers 
of aristolochia clematis. 
69. Tipula piumicornis.—Brown; antennae brownish-plu¬ 
mose : legs yellowish.—As before. 
TIPUTINI, a river of Quito, in the province of Mainas. 
It rises in the province of Quixos and Macas, runs east, 
and enters the Napo. 
TIQUE, a river of the Caraccas, in the province of 
Cumana, which runs in a serpentine course to the north, and 
unites itself with the Murichal, to enter the Guarapiche. 
TIQUICIO, two inconsiderable settlements of New Gra¬ 
nada, in the province of Antioquia. 
TIQUILIGASTI, a settlement of South America, in the 
province of Tucuman, on the shore of the river Salado. 
TIQUINA, a settlement of Peru, in the province of 
Omasuyos, on the south shore of the lake Titicaca. 
TIRABOSCHl (Girolamo, Abate), author of the best 
history of Italian literature which that country, fertile in men 
of learning, taste, and talents, has produced. He was born 
at Bergamo, in 1731, and is styled Cavalicre by his bio¬ 
grapher, and the last editor of his History, in a life prefixed 
to the index of the second edition, published at Modena in 
1794. He had his education in the Jesuits’ college from 
fifteen till the abolition of the order. He was professor of 
eloquence in the university of Brera at Milan, til! the year 
1770, when he was appointed prsefect of the Este library at 
Modena, by the interest of count Firmian. He first distin¬ 
guished himself, after this appointment, by a new edition 
of the Italian and Latin vocabulary of Mandosio; which 
•work was almost wholly new written by him, and corrected 
and augmented with the most refined purity of the two lan¬ 
guages; and the Latin and Italian orations which he deli¬ 
vered publicly at Milan, two of which were printed, esta¬ 
blished his reputation for eloquence. 
He distinguished himself during the first years of his pras- 
feetorship of the duke of Modena’s library, by drawing up a 
new catalogue of the manuscripts, books, medals, gems, 
and rarities of that celebrated library, and compiled the first 
volume of his History of Italian Literature, published in 
1771, which manifested such taste and solid learning as 
astonished his readers; but the public in general was still 
more astonished at his finishing the whole wmrk in eleven 
years, consisting of thirteen large volumes in 4to.; a work 
which, by its immense erudition, profound critical discus¬ 
sions, and judgment in every kind of literature, acquired 
him the praise of the whole republic of letters. 
Besides this great work, he produced during the same pe¬ 
riod the life of St. Olympia; a letter on the comparative 
excellence of Italian and Spanish literature; the life of Ful- 
vio Testo; the two first volumes of the Biblioteca Moden¬ 
ese; and all the articles which he furnished to the twenty- 
three first volumes of the Giornale di Modena, a kind of 
review and history of new books and discoveries in arts and 
sciences within the year. 
He was knighted by the duke of Modena, though a regular 
ecclesiastic, and ennobled by his fellow-citizens at Bergamo. 
To enable him to proceed in his great work with more con¬ 
venience, his pairon augmented his appointment, and gave 
him an assistant in the library. 
His correspondence with the learned throughout Europe 
must have occupied much of his time: as at his decease, 
among his papers, were found materials for twenty-eight vo¬ 
lumes of original letters addressed to him, as author of the 
Literary History of Italy, and editor of the Giornale di Mo¬ 
dena. In his numerous minor productions, as well as in 
those of greater volume and importance, he discovers him¬ 
self to have been gifted with a quick penetration, and pos¬ 
sessed of great facility in writing, as well as a clear concep¬ 
tion of the works of others, which to have acquired, must 
have been studied with constant application. 
This admirable writer died at the age of sixty-two, of a 
bloody-flux, in 1794. 
TIRADE, in French Music, formerly implied what the 
Greeks meant by ayaya, agogo, ductus, the filling up a 
wide interval by the intermediate diatonic notes. But, at 
present, tirade seems nearly equivalent to volata in Italian; 
a division, a flight. 
TIRAGHT, an island in the Atlantic, near the west coast 
of Ireland ; 8 miles south-west of Dunmore head. 
TIRANO, a small town of Austrian Italy, in the Valteline, 
on the river Adda. Population 3700. It has a large yearly 
fair; 15 miles east of Sondrio, and 40 north-north-east of 
Bergamo. 
TIRANO, a settlement of New Granada, in the province 
of Tunja. It contains 400 housekeepers; 38 miles north¬ 
east of Velez. 
TIRANO, a port of the island of Margarita, on the north 
coast. 
TIRASPOL, a small town of the south-west of European 
Russia, in the government of Cherson, on the Dniester; 
8 miles east of Bender. 
TIRE, 5 . [Ciep, Sax.; apparatus, ordo, scries .] Rank; 
row. Sometimes written tier. 
Stood rank’d of seraphim another row. 
In posture to displode their second tire 
Of thunder. Milton. 
Furniture; apparatus. 
Saint 
