48 T O U 
southern latitude; 150 miles south-east of Bourdeaux, and 
420 south-by-west of Paris. Lat. 43. 35. 46. N. long. 1. 
26. 36. E. 
TOUMANDI DAGHI, a mountain of Anatolia, part of 
the ancient Olympus ; 20 miles south-east of Boursa. 
TOUMEN, a town of Mantchoo Tartary ; 608 miles east- 
north-east of Pekin. 
TOUMEN, a river of Corea, which falls into the sea of 
Japan. Lat. 42. 30. N. long. 130. 34. E. 
TOUMET, a post in the eastern part of Chinese Tartary. 
Lat. 41. 7. N. long. 110. 49. E. 
TOUN, a town of Korassan, in Persia ; 90 miles north¬ 
west of Herat. 
TOUNA, the ruins of a considerable town of that name 
in Upper Egypt, now surrounded and formed into an island 
by the waters of Lake Menzaleh. 
TOUP (Jonathan), a learned critic, was born at St. Ives, 
in Cornwall, in the year 1713, and entered at Exeter-college, 
Oxford, where he took a bachelor’s degree. After being 
presented to the rectory of St. Martin, Cornwall, he took 
the degree of M. A. at Cambridge, in 1756. His “ Emen- 
dationes in Suidam” introduced him to the learned world : 
it was published successively in three parts, the first in 1760, 
the second in 1764, and the third in 1766. The learning of 
this writer recommended him to the notice and patronage 
of bishop Warburton, whose positive and contemptuous 
manner he too much resembles; and for which he received 
merited castigation. In 1769, he published “ Epistola Cri- 
tica ad Virum celeberrimum Gul. Episc. Glocestr.,” which 
contains remarks on the Greek writers. Warton’s edition of 
Theocritus, which appeared in 1770, was accompanied with 
valuable corrections and annotations by Toup; and in 1772, 
he published, in a separate work, “ Curae posteriores, sive 
Appendicula Notarum atque Emendationum in Theoeritum, 
Oxonii nuperrime publicatum,” 4to. His treatment of Reiske, 
on account of his edition of Theocritus, drew upon him the 
very severe animadversion of that learned writer. By the 
recommendation of Warburton to Keppel,. bishop of Exeter, 
Mr. Troup obtained a prebend in the church of Exeter, and 
the vicarage of St. Martin. In 1775, he printed “Appen¬ 
dicula Notarum in Suidam;” and in 1778, his “ Longini 
omnia quae extant; Gr. et Lat., &c.” This latter work was 
well received, and a second edition was printed in 8vo. 
He died in January, 1785, in his 72d year. Nicholas 
Atiec. Gen. Biog. 
TOUPE'E, or Toupf/t, s. [t.oupet, French.] A kind 
of foretop; natural or artificial hair particularly dressed on 
the forehead.—Remember second-hand toupees and repaired 
ruffles. Swift. —I see nothing but red heels below, high 
toupees and largely aspiring curls above, accompanied with 
the scent of amber. Hist, of Duelling. 
TOUQUES, a petty town in the north of France, de¬ 
partment of Calvados, situated near the small river of the 
same name. It has a castle, a population of 1100, a small 
harbour, and a considerable fishery ; 6 miles north-west of 
Pontl’Eveque, and 25 north-east of Caen. 
TOUR, a small town in the central part of France, de¬ 
partment of the Puy de Dome. Population 1700 ; 25 miles 
west of Issoire. 
TOUR, s. [tour, French.] Ramble; roving journey.—I 
made the tour of all the king’s palaces. Addison. —Turn; re¬ 
volution. In both these senses it is rather French than English. 
First Ptolemy his scheme ccelestial wrought, 
And of machines a wild provision brought; 
Orbs centric and eccentric he prepares. 
Cycles and epicycles, solid spheres 
In order plac’d, and with bright globes inlaid. 
To solve the tours by heavenly bodies made. Blackmore. 
In Milton it is probably tower; elevation; high flight. 
The bird of Jove, stoop’d from his airy tour. 
Two birds of gayest plume before him drove. Milton. 
Turn; cast; manner.—The whole tour of the passage is 
his: a man given to superstition can have no security, day 
or night, sleeping or waking. Bentley. 
T O U 
TOUR and TAXTS, or Thurn and Tassis, the name, 
in a foimer age, of two small counties of Italy, in the Milan¬ 
ese. The title of prince of Tour and Taxis is still held by a 
German family of rank, remarkable for having established 
the use of posts in the empire. They are still at the head of 
the post-office in several states of Germany. 
TOUR DES BALEINES, La, a tower and light-house in 
the west of France, on the western extremity of the isle of 
Rhe. 
TOUR LANDRY, a small town in the west of France, 
department of the Maine and Loire. Population 1700; 9 
miles north-east of Cholet, and 22 south-south-west of 
Angers. 
TOUR DE PEIL, La, a small town in the west of Swit¬ 
zerland, on the lake of Geneva, near Vevav. Population 
700. 
TOUR DU PIN, La, a small towu in the south-east of 
France, department of the Isere. It is situated on the 
Bourbre, and has a population of 1600 ; 22 miles west-south¬ 
west of Chamberri. 
TOUR DE ROUSSILLON, a small town in the south of 
France, in the Eastern Pyrenees, on the river Gly. It has a 
population of 900; 3 miles east of Perpignan. 
TOUR LA VILLE, a small town in the north-west of 
France, department of La Manche. Population 3400; 4 
miles from Cherburg. 
TOUR LA VILLE, or Tour de Treme, a small town 
of Switzerland, in the canton of Friburg; 2 miles north of 
Gruyeres. 
TOURA, a town of Upper Egypt, anciently called Troja. 
TOURADJA, an extensive inland district of Celebes, in¬ 
habited by mountaineers, and also by a race of people" 
called Biajoos, who are itinerant fishermen. 
TOURAINE, an inland province of F’rance, bounded by 
the provinces Maine, the Orleannois, Berri, Poitou, and 
Anjou. It is watered by the Loire, the Cher, the Indre, and 
the Vienne. Tours is the capital. 
TOURATTEA, a country of Celebes, extending from the 
river Tjeeko along the sea coast, to the south and east, to the 
river Tino. 
TOURBE, a small river in the north-east of France, de¬ 
partment of the Marne. It falls into the Aisne near Servan. 
TOURINA, Cape, a promontory in the north-west of 
Spain, on the west coast of Galicia. Lat. 43. 3. N. long. 9: 
20. W. 
TO'URIST, s. One who makes a tour or ramble. A 
modern word. 
TOURMALET, one of the passes of the Pyrenees, in the 
central part, near Bareges. 
TOURMALINE, in Mineralogy, a stone sometimes used 
as a gem by jewellers, and particularly remarkable for ex¬ 
hibiting electricity by heat or friction. See Mineralogy. 
TOURMENTE, Cape, a bold bluff point on the north 
bank of the river St. Lawrence, rising more than 1800 feet 
above the river. It is 7 miles below the island of Orleans. 
TOURN, s. The sheriff’s turn, or court.—The sheriff’s 
tourn decided in all affairs, civil and criminal. Burke .—A 
spinning-wheel. Exmore dialect. Grose. 
TOURNAGHAUT, a celebrated pass of the south of 
India, leading from the western coast called the Concan, into 
the interior of the country. Lat. 17. 47. N. long. 73. 25. E. 
TO'UllNAMENT, or Tourney, s. [tournamentum, 
low Latin; re^vegevia,, torneamenta, hastiludia: Occurrit 
apud Cantacuzenum, lib. i. cap. 42. Meursii Gloss. Graeco- 
Barb.] Tilt; joust; military sport; mock encounter. 
He liv’d with all the pomp he could devise. 
At tilts and tournaments obtain’d the prize, 
But found no favour in his lady’s eyes. Dryden.. 
Milton uses it simply for encounter; shock or battle. 
With cruel tournament the squadrons join! 
Where cattle pastur’d late, now scatter’d lies 
With carcasses, and arms, the ensanguin’d field. Milton. 
TOURNANS, a small town in the north of France de¬ 
partment of the Seine and Marne, with 1600 inhabitants;. 
14 miles 
