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hydropithecus, or sea-ape manati of Pennant, is only known 
from the description of Steller, who, near the coast of Ame¬ 
rica, saw a singular animal which he named a sea-ape, 
and which Pennant supposes to belong to this genus. It 
was an animal that delighted in frolic, and sported like a 
monkey. 
Trichechus Australis, the variety a. of trichechus manatus, 
according to Gmelin’s Linnaeus, but a distinct species in 
Shaw’s Zoology; hairy, with four-toed unguiculated feet, or 
with a horizontal tail in place of hind-feet; the round- 
tailed manata of Pennant; growing to the length of 14 
or 15 feet, and found in the rivers of Africa, particularly 
in the Senegal. It is about six feet and a half long, and 
three feet eight inches in circumference in the thickest part 
of the body, and in the thinnest part near the tail about 
two feet two inches. The flesh of this animal is said to 
resemble veal; but it is chiefly killed by the negroes for the 
sake of its blubber or fat. 
Trichechus borealis, a variety of trichechus manatus in 
Gmelin’s edition of Linnaeus, but a distinct species in Shaw’s 
Zoology; the whale-tailed manata of Pennant. It approaches 
nearly to the whale tribe ; it never goes ashore, nor attempts 
to climb the rocks, like the walrus and the seal. It brings forth 
in the water, and, like the whale, suckles its young in that 
element. It inhabits the seas about Bering’s and the other 
Aleutian islands, but never appears off Kamtschatka, unless 
blown thither by a tempest. It is the same species that in¬ 
habit near Rodiguez, or Diego Reys, an island east of the 
Mauritius, and probably extending to New Holland. These 
animals live perpetually in the water, but in calm weather 
frequent the mouths of rivers in great numbers, and approach 
in time of flood so near the land, that they will suffer them¬ 
selves to be stroked by the hand; but if hurt, swim out to 
the sea, presently returning again. They live in families, 
one near another; each consisting of a male, a female, a half- 
grown young one, and a very small one. The affection 
between the male and the female is so great, that if the latter 
is attacked, the former will defend her to the utmost; and if 
she is killed, will follow her carcase to the shore, and for 
some days swim near the place where it was landed. They 
are very voracious, and when full of the fuci that grow in 
the sea, fall asleep on their backs. The back and sides are 
generally above water, and gulls are found perching on their 
backs, in order to pick up the insects which they find upon 
them. They are taken by harpoons fixed to a strong cord; 
but when struck, it requires the force of 30 men to draw 
them on shore. When a manati is struck, its companions 
swim to its assistance, and make many efforts to over¬ 
turn the boat, or break the rope of the harpoon, and others 
will strike at the harpoon with their tails. They make a noise, 
by loud breathing, like the snorting of a horse. Their size is 
enormous, some being 28 feet long, and 800 lbs. in weight. 
The circumference of the body near the shoulders is 12 feet, 
about the belly 20, near the tail 4 feet 8 inches, the head 31 
inches, the neck near seven feet; and hence we may infer the 
deformity of the animal. Near the shoulders are two feat, 
or rather fins, two feet two inches long, without fingers or 
nails; beneath they are concave, and covered with hard 
bristles; the tail is thick, strong, and horizontal, terminating 
in a stiff black fin, and resembling the substance of whale¬ 
bone; the skin is thick, hard, and black, unequal on its sur¬ 
face, like the bark of oak, so hard as scarcely to be cut with 
an axe, and without hair ; beneath the skin is a thick blub¬ 
ber, tasting like oil of almonds. The flesh is coarser than 
beef, and will not soon putrify; that of the young ones has 
the taste of veal. The skin is used for shoes, and for covering 
the sides of boats. The Russians call this animal “ Morskaia 
Korowa,” or sea-cow, and “ Kapustnik,” or eater of herbs. 
Pennant's Quadrupeds. 
TRICHERLE, the name of a genus of fossils, of the class 
of fibrariee; the characters of which are, that they are not 
elastic, and are composed of straight and continuous fila¬ 
ments. 
TRICHESTRUM, the name of a genus of fossils, of the 
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class of the selenites, bat differing extremely in figure and 
structure from the common kinds. 
TRICHIASIS [derived from Sytf, the hair], sometimes 
also named entropeon, denotes a faulty inclination of the 
eye-lashes, inwards against the globe of the eye. See 
Surgery. 
TR1CHILIA, in Botany, a genus of the class decandria, 
order monogynia, natural order of trihilatas, meliae (Juss.) 
—Generic Character. Calyx: perianth one-leafed, tubular, 
mostly five-toothed, short. Corolla: petals five, lanceolate, 
spreading. Nectary cylindrical, tubular, with a ten-toothed 
mouth, shorter than the petals, connate of ten filaments. 
Stamina: filaments none. Anthers ten, erect, rising, from 
the margin of the tube of the nectary, deciduous. Pistil: 
germ obovate, subtrilobate. Style short. Stigma headed, 
three-toothed. Pericarp: capsule roundish, subtrigonal, 
three-celled, three-valved. Seeds solitary, berried.— Essen¬ 
tial Character. Calyx mostly five toothed. Petals five. 
Nectary toothed, cylindrical, bearing the anthers at the top 
of the teeth. Capsule three-celled, three-valved. Seeds 
berried. 
1. Trichilia hirta.—The trees of this genus vary in height, 
from ten to thirty feet high. Leaves pinnate; leaflets 
few, elliptic, acuminate, smooth; racemes clustered.— 
Native of Jamaica. 
2. Trichilia spondioides.—Leaves unequally pinnate, sub- 
hirsute ; pinnas numerous; the lower ones larger; racemes 
axillary. This is a small tree, ten feet high or much lower, 
with an upright stem, and divided into very few branches. 
—Native of Jamaica, St. Domingo, and Carthagena, flower¬ 
ing there principally in November. 
3. Trichilia emetica.—Leaves pinnate, villose underneath ; 
leaflets elliptic.—-Native of Arabia Felix, on mountains. 
4. Trichilia glabra.—Leaves pinnate, smooth; outmost 
leaflets larger.—Native of the Havannah, in mountain woods. 
5. Trichilia pallida.—Leaves unequally pinnate, mem¬ 
branaceous; racemes axillary and terminating; flowers eight- 
stamened; capsules two-valved.—’Native of the West Indies, 
flowering in February and March. 
6. Trichilia moschata.—'Leaves alternately pinnate; ra¬ 
cemes axillary; flowers subdecandrous, one-petalled; cap¬ 
sules one-seeded.—Native of Jamaica, where it is called by 
the title of musk-wood, on account of the smell of every 
part of the plant when rubbed. Flowers in May. 
7. Trichilia spectabilis.—Leaves pinnate; leaflets obovate; 
racemes axillary, compound—Native of New Zealand. 
8. Trichilia alliacea.—Leaves pinnate; leaflets lanceolate, 
acute; racemes axillary, superdecompound.—Native of the 
island of Namoka. 
9. Trichilia heterophylla,—Leaves pinnate and ternate; 
leaflets ovate, acuminate; racemes axillary; flowers eight- 
stamened.—Native of Madagascar. 
10. Trichilia trisoliata.—'Leaves ternate; leaflets obovate, 
shining.—Native of Curasao, in dry pastures, and on the 
neigbouring continent; flowering in April and May. 
11. Trichilia nervosa.—Leaves ternate; leaflets ovate.— 
Native of Java. 
12. Trichilia spinosa.—Leaves simple, ovate, emarginate; 
branches thorny.—'Native of the East Indies. 
Propagation and Culture. —These trees and shrubs being 
natives of hot countries, cannot be preserved in England 
but in a stove. They may be propagated by seeds sown in 
pots, and plunged into a hot-bed; when the plants are fit 
to remove, plant each in a separate small pot, plunged again 
into the hot-bed, and shade them until they have taken new 
root. They may also be increased by cuttings during 
any of the summer months. In their native countries they 
thrive best in a dry gravelly soil. 
TRICHINOPLY, a celebrated city and fortress of thq 
south of India, and capital of a district of the same name. 
It is advantageously situated on the south, bank of the river 
Cavery, opposite the island of Seringham, famous for its 
magnificent Hindoo temples. Lat. 10. 50. N. loug. 78. 
50. E. 
TRICHIURUS; 
