T R I 
T R I 91 
and sharp-pointed scales, hardly separable; first dorsal fin pale 
violet, crossed with deeper lines, and at its origin two separate 
rays longer than the rest; second dorsal fin pale, with the 
rays barred by brown; pectoral fins very large, transparent, 
of an olive-green, richly varied with numerous bright-blue 
spots, six pectoral processes, not separate, but united, and 
appearing like a small fin on each side of the thorax ; tail 
pale violet, with the rays crossed by dusky spots, and 
strengthened on each side of the base by two obliquely 
transverse bony ribs or bars.—Native of the Mediter¬ 
ranean, Atlantic, and Indian seas, where it swims in shoals, 
and is often seen flying out of the water to a considerable 
distance. 
11. Trigla Japonica, or alata; the Japanese gurnard.— 
With eleven fingers on each side, palmated by a membrane. 
About four inches in length ; head angular; lower jaw and 
hinder margin of the gill-covers furnished with two strong 
spines.—Native of the Japanese sea. 
12. Trigla Adriatica.—With the body verticillated by 
scales, and aculeated lateral line; pectoral fins black beneath, 
and triple fingers; supposed to be a variety of trigla lineata, 
and differing from it by being varied with bands of black 
spots, and having the spots of the pectoral fins disposed into 
two transverse bands, the edges being marked beneath by a 
row of blue spots.—Observed in the Adriatic sea. 
13. Trigla minuta.—With triple fingers, and bicarinated 
black. A small species : head hard and rough, emarginated 
and denticulated in front, and furnished with two spines 
above the eyes; posterior gill-covers spiny; pectoral and 
ventral fins very sharp-pointed ; tail rounded.—Native of the 
Indian seas. 
14. Trigla Carolina, or whitish gurnard.—Speckled with 
red, with triple fingers, and brown pectoral fins transversely 
banded with black; length about ten inches; dorsal fins 
pale orange spotted with brown . the first fin marked by a 
black spot; tail slightly rounded at the end, and crossed 
by three or four rows of brown spots.—Native of the Ame¬ 
rican seas. 
15. Trigla cavillone, or red gurnard.—With a single spine 
above each eye, and six on each side of the back of the head. 
Length about three inches ; body covered with small den¬ 
ticulated, rough scales; colour red ; pectoral fins white 
above, and dark-green or olive beneath.—Native of the 
Mediterranean, and known on the French coasts by the 
appellation of Cavillone. 
16. Trigla punctata, or rose-red gurnard.—With blood- 
red specks, and broad obtuse head, spined on the hind-part. 
Length about eight inches; head broad, obtuse, and fur¬ 
nished behind with strong spines; scales middle-sized; pec¬ 
toral fins very large, rounded, and of a dusky-blue colour, 
speckled with red, and inclining to yellow towards their tips; 
rest of the fins and tail yellow speckled with red.—-Native of 
the American seas. 
17. Trigla pini, or red gurnard.—With triple fingers, and 
body marked on each side by numerous transverse convex 
lines. Similar in habit to that of trigla piper, but in other 
respects much allied to trigla lineata; colour red, with yel¬ 
lowish abdomen ; scales small ; dorsal and lateral line 
aculeated, from which pass perpendicular convex lines ter¬ 
minating rather obtusely above and below, and bearing 
some resemblance to pine-leaves; fins and tail yellowish ; 
ventral fins red, with an obscure bluish cast.—Native region 
unknown. 
18. Trigla chabrontera.—With the body mailed beneath, 
and red fins. Allied to the trigla cataphracta, but differing 
by not having the body marked by an octagonal form ; the 
under parts only being furnished with bony divisions: above 
the snout are several spines pointing backwards: and above 
and below the tail are also placed three spines: all the fins, 
except the tail, are of a bright red.—Native of the Mediter¬ 
ranean. Shaw's Zoology. 
TRIGLA, the name of a divinity among the Germans 
with three heads, which was probably Diana Trivia, or 
Hecate. 
TRIGLOCHIN [from rpei<, three, and y\a%iv, a point: 
the capsule opening in three points, like the barbs of an ar¬ 
row], in Botany, a genus of the class hexandria, order try- 
gynia, natural order of tripetal oideae, junci (Juss.) —Ge¬ 
neric Character. Calyx: perianth three-leaved; leaflets 
roundish, obtuse, concave, deciduous. Corolla: petals 
three, ovate, concave, obtuse, like the calyx. Stamina: 
filaments six, very short. Anthers as many, shorter than 
the corolla. Pistil: germ large. Styles none. Stigmas 
three or twice as many, reflexed, feathered. Pericarp: cap¬ 
sule ovate-oblong, obtuse; cells as many as there are stig¬ 
mas, opening at the base by acute valves. Seeds solitary, 
oblong.— Essential Character. Calyx three-leaved. Pe¬ 
tals three, calyx-form. Style none. Capsule opening at 
the base. 
1. Triglochin palustre, or marsh arrow-grass.-—Capsules 
three-celled, even, linear, attenuated at the base. Root fi¬ 
brous, tufted, perennial. Leaves radical, sheathing, bifa- 
rious, linear, channelled.—Native of Europe, Siberia and 
Barbary, in wet boggy meadows, flowering in July. 
2. Triglochin bulbosum, or bulbous arrow-grass.—Cap¬ 
sules three-celled, even, linear, attenuated at the top. Root 
bulbous, covered with bristles, heaped into a tufted bundle. 
—Native of the Cape of Good Hope. 
3. Triglochin maritimum, or sea arrow-grass.—Capsules 
six-celled, grooved, ovate. Scape scarcely longer than the 
leaves, inclining at the base, terminating in a dense spike 
of greenish-purple flowers, on short flower-stalks. Leaves 
wider and more fleshy than in the palustre, with which it 
agrees in habit.—Native of most parts of Europe, and of Si¬ 
beria, in salt-marshes, and in the ouze of large rivers, where 
the tide flows; flowering throughout the summer. All do¬ 
mestic cattle being very fond of this plant, it may deserve 
the notice of such as possess salt-marshes. 
TRPGLYPH, 5. [rpei? and y\v<p-/j, Gr.; triglyphe , Fr.] 
In architecture. A member of the frize of the Doric order 
set directly over every pillar, and in certain spaces in the 
intercolumniations. Harris.- —The Doric order has now 
and then a sober garnishment of lion’s heads in the cornice, 
and of triglyphs and metopes always in the frize. Wot ton. 
TRIGNO, a river of Italy, in the north of the kingdom of 
Naples, in the province of Molise. It rises near Carovilli, and 
falls into the Adriatic at Vasto. 
TRI'GON, s. [rfiyavov, Gr.] A triangle. A term in 
astrology.—The astronomers tell of a watery trigon. 
Harington. 
TRl'GONAL, adj. Triangular; having three comers.— 
A spar of a yellow hue shot into numerous trigonal pointed 
shoots of various sizes, found growing to one side of a perpen¬ 
dicular fissure of a stratum of free-stone. Woodward. 
TRIGONELLA [dimin. from trigona (corolla); so 
named from its three-cornered corolla], in Botany, a genus 
of the class diadelphia, order decandria, natural order of 
papilionaceae, or leguminosae.—Generic Character. Calyx: 
perianth one-leafed, bell-shaped, half-five-cleft; toothlets 
awl-shaped, nearly equal. Corolla papilionaceous, as it 
were three-petalled ; banner subovate, obtuse, reflex-spread¬ 
ing. Wings two, ovate-oblong, outwardly reflex-spreading, 
so that the banner with the wings constitutes as it were a 
regular three-petalled corolla. Keel very short, obtuse, occu¬ 
pying the navel of the flower. Stamina: filaments diadelph- 
ous (simple and nine-cleft) short, rising. Anthers simple. 
Pistil : germ ovate-oblong. Style simple, rising. Stigma 
simple. Pericarp: legume ovate-oblong, compressed, co¬ 
vered. Seeds many, roundish. From the form of the corolla 
only this becomes a distinct genus.— Essential Character. 
Banner and wings nearly equal, spreading, in form of a three- 
petalled corolla. 
1. Trigonella ruthenica, or small fenugreek.—Legumes 
peduncled, heaped, pendulous, linear, straight; leaflets sub- 
lanceolate.—This is a biennial plant; the roots decaying soon 
after the seeds are ripe.—Native of Siberia. 
2. Trigonella platycarpos, or round-leaved fenugreek.— 
Legumes peduncled, heaped, pendulous, oval, compressed; 
stem 
