138 
T U L 
in no sort of esteem among florists. Among the first 
sort, however, there are many distinct varieties, in so far 
as regards the colouring of the flowers; as the yellow, 
flowered, the yellow and red-flowered, the white and red- 
striped, the white and blush-coloured, besides a great num¬ 
ber of intermediate variegations. And in the latter, those 
with long hooked petals of flowers, consisting of yellow- 
flowered, red-flowered, red-striped, and other kinds. 
The second species has the bulb ovate, and gibbous in 
the shape; the stem is quite simple, nearly upright, round, 
smooth, leafy in the middle, and attenuated at the base, with 
the flower always yellow in its colour, but a little greenish 
on the outside. 
And it is further noticed, that it has most of these cha¬ 
racters in common with the garden species; but the circum¬ 
stances that abundantly distinguish this sort are, the narrow 
leaves, the nodding flower, the hairiness at the base of the 
stamens and on the tips of the petals, and especially the 
simple obtuse form of the stigma, which is totally different 
from that of the garden tulip: the flower too is fragrant; 
the pollen yellow, not black; and the anthers remarkably 
long. But in the Flora Danica they are represented as short 
and round. 
As this sort of tulip is of much inferior beauty to those 
of the other and its several varieties, it is of course not nearly 
so much known and cultivated in flower-gardens, though it 
deserves a place among the other sorts of tulips and spring 
flowers, for the purpose of its early blowing, and increasing 
the variety. 
Propagation and Culture .—All the different sorts of 
tulips may be increased by offsets from the roots, and by 
sowing seeds to produce new varieties. The offsets should 
be separated from the old roots every year in June, especially 
for the fine sorts. On taking them up when the flowering is 
over, plant them in nursery-beds, in rows six inches 
apart, and to the depth of three, four, or five in the be¬ 
ginning of autumn, to remain for one or two years, until 
they attain the flowering state, and are proper for being 
set out regularly. They may also in the old root be planted 
in beds, or in the borders or other parts where they are to 
remain and blow, in patches of four or five placed regu¬ 
larly; and to have a succession, they may be planted at 
different times ; they are usually planted wth a blunt dibble: 
the new roots should always be planted by themselves. 
In this way the most approved sorts are propagated and 
continued always the same, and the stocks of any good 
varieties multiplied and increased as may be necessary and 
convenient to the growers of them. 
When these flowers are blown, if the seasons should prove 
very warm, it will be proper to shade them with mats, &c. 
in the heat of the day ; and when the nights are frosty, 
they should be covered in the same manner, by which 
means they may be preserved a long time in beauty; but 
when their flowers are decayed, and their seed-vessels begin 
to swell, they should be broken off just at the top of the 
stalks, as when they are permitted to seed, it injures the roots 
greatly. 
In the early sorts, when the leaves are decayed, which is 
usually before the late-blowers are out of flower, their roots 
should be taken up, and spread upon mats in a shady place 
to dry; after which they should be cleared from filth, and 
put in a dry place where vermin cannot come to them, until 
the season for planting them again, being very careful to 
preserve every sort separate, that it may be known how to 
dispose of them at the time of planting. 
For the main collection of flowers to blow in the spring 
and early summer, the most proper time of planting the 
roots or bulbs, is in the autumn, from the end of September 
to December; but to have a later bloom in succession, 
some may be planted out about the close of the year, and 
in the two beginning months of the new one. '1 hese last, 
however, will seldom grow so strong as those of the autumn 
planting. 
The roots of the late sorts of tulips may be planted in 
I P A. 
any common beds, or in the borders, as they are not much 
liable to be injured by bad weather. But those of the 
fine or more valuable sorts of the early as well as the 
late kinds, are in general, for the most part, disposed to¬ 
gether, in beds by themselves, in order to exhibit a grand 
blow, and be defended in the manner which has been 
explained. 
The double variety of the common tulip is very beautiful, 
though not held in such estimation by the florist as the 
common single variegated sorts, from their not possessing 
that profusion of variegatious in their colours, or such a 
regularity of stripes. They, however, exhibit an elegant 
ornamental appearance in their upright, tallish, firm stems, 
and the crowns of large double flowers at the tops, formed 
somewhat as in those of the double paeony, but far more 
beautiful in their diversity of colours, variegations, and 
stripes of white and red, or yellow and red, &c. On these 
accounts they certainly deserve to be cultivated either alone 
in beds, at a little distance from the other sorts, for the sake 
of increasing the variety; or in patches about the borders, 
in assemblage with the common large variegated tulips, 
as blowing nearly about the same time in the later spring 
months. 
They are all highly ornamental flowers, from their much 
varied and most beautiful colours; but those of the common 
garden sort, and its numberless varieties, are the most gene¬ 
rally introduced, being admirable ornaments for beautifying 
the various flower-borders and other parts of gardens and 
pleasure grounds during several weeks in the spring and 
summer seasons. 
TU'LIPTREE, s. A tree.—It grows in North America, 
and was called tulipifera, because the shape of its flowers in 
some degree resemble a tulip. Mason .—The tuliptrcc that 
bears its flowers aloft. Anonymous. 
TULL (Jethro), a distinguished agriculturist, was a de¬ 
scendant of a respectable family in Yorkshire, educated at 
one of the universities, and admitted a barrister of the 
Temple towards the commencement of the eighteenth cen¬ 
tury. Returning from the tour of Europe, in which his 
attention was particularly directed to agricultural subjects, 
he married, and settled upon a paternal farm in Oxfordshire, 
which gave him an opportunity of prosecuting a variety of 
experiments in husbandry. Upon his return from France 
and Italy, which he was under a necessity of visiting on 
account of his impaired health, and with a fortune also 
impaired, he took a farm near Hungerford, in Berkshire, 
where he pursued his plans for improved cultivation. His 
grand principle was, that labour and arrangement would 
supply the place of manure and fallowing, and raise more 
grain at a less expence. Tull, in 1731, printed “ A speci¬ 
men” of his system; and in 1733, “ An Essay on Horse- 
hoeing Husbandry,” tolio, which was translated into French 
by Du Hamel. He pursued his system till his death, which 
happened-in January, 1740. Gen. Biog. 
TULLAGAN BAY, a bay on the west coast of Ireland, 
and county of Mayo, a little to the south-east of Black Sod 
bay. 
TULLAMORE, a town of Ireland, in King’s county, 
and nearly divided into two portions by a river of the same 
name. It is a neat, regular, well-built town; ’46 miles west- 
south-west of Dublin. 
TULLE, a considerable town in the south-west of France, 
the capital of the department of the Correze. It is the seat 
of the different branches of the departmental administration, 
and the see of a bishop; 42 miles south-east of Limoges. 
Lat. 43. 16. 3. N. long. 2. 54. 13. E._ 
TULLEDA, a small town of Prussian Saxony, in the 
government of Erfurt, near Kelbra. It is a place of some 
note in German history, having once had an imperial palace. 
TULLIALLAN, a parish of Scotland, in Perthshire, of 
an irregular figure, about four miles long, and four broad, 
having a pretty level surface, gently declining towards the 
south, when the Forth forms its southern boundary. Popu¬ 
lation 3194. 
TULLINS, 
