TURKEY. 
176 
to quit the walls of Tripolizza, for the purpose of re-estab¬ 
lishing the blockade, as well as obviating the consequences 
of such a defeat. The troops destined to accompany him, 
amounting to about seven hundred men, marched in two 
columns; the first consisting of five hundred of the militia 
of Caritena, left the camp on the 24th of September, under 
the orders of two sons and a nephew of Colocotroni. The 
prince himself, accompanied by Mr. Gordon and his own 
staff, the battalion of Balisto which had just arrived from 
Calamata, and did not exceed two hundred men and officers; 
and also a few artillery men having one mounted gun, and a 
light brass four-pounder, set out on the following day. On 
the 28th, both divisions formed a junction at Calavrita. The 
advantages of his position engaged the prince to suspend his 
march to Patrass; whither he dispatched an aid-de-camp, 
until he should receive intelligence of the enemy’s move¬ 
ments. Indeed his presence before that fortress was no 
longer necessary, as the Turks had not attempted to im¬ 
prove their victory, and the Greeks were beginning to re¬ 
cover from their panic; seven hundred having re-assembled 
in the mountains, they were soon increased to more than 
double that number. On the night of the 29th, a messenger 
arrived in breathless haste, bringing information that the 
sultan’s forces had landed at Vostizza, only a tew leagues 
from Calavrita, and having burned the town, were advancing 
into the interior. Ipsilanti instantly took his measures with 
great judgment, and at day break on the 30th, marched to 
meet the enemy. His little army, reinforced by some militia 
of Calavrita, and now amounting to nearly a thousand men 
with one field piece, was in high spirits, end extremely well 
disposed to fight. But a second messenger met the prince 
on his way, and stated that the enemy had re-embarked, 
after committing various excesses and carrying off a large 
flock of sheep found near Vostizza. Approaching the coast, 
Ipsilanti took post for the night on a lofty eminence between 
the plain and the sea, adopting such precautions as were 
necessary to prevent a surprise; for the Ottoman squadron, 
of one frigate and thirty brigs, was seen at anchor near the 
shore, and it was known that the pacha of Egypt had sent 
fifteen hundred Albanians, who passed for good troops. 
The 1st of October was stormy and rainy, but on the mist 
clearing away about noon,the Turkish vessels were perceived 
to weigh anchor and steer to the north-east. There could 
be no doubt that their first object was the attack of Galaxidi, 
but well-founded apprehensions were entertained with regard 
to their ulterior operations. The wind was blowing steadily 
from the north-west, and a few hours might carry them to 
the head of the gulph of Corinth: the prince resolved there¬ 
upon to advance towards Corinth with all speed. 
The small commercial town of Galaxidi, on the shore of 
Ozolian Locris, is situated within the Bay of Cyrrha, and 
near its entrance. The principal wealth of its'industrious 
inhabitants consisted in a number of small trading vessels. 
Aware that their vigilance in blockading Lepanto, had 
rendered them peculiarly obnoxious to the barbarians, they 
had made preparations for defence, by erecting a battery on 
an islet at the harbour's mouth, and mooring their little 
flotilla in line before the town. The women and children 
were sent to Salona, so that none but combatants remained. 
On the evening of the 1st of October, the Ottoman squadron 
took up its position and summoned the Galaxidiotes to 
surrender. But regardless of the vast disparity of force, the 
latter answered by firing on the boat which brought the 
message. The Turks immediately began thq attack, and 
battered the place for two hours, when night put an end to 
the action. It was renewed at day-break, and lasted for 
three hours more. Ipsilanti and his staff were on a height 
on the opposite side of the gulph, anxiously watching the 
issue of the battle. After opposing a most gallant resistance 
to a prodigious superiority both in numbers, guns and weight 
of metal, the brave inhabitants of Galaxidi fled to the 
mountains of Salona, having previously destroyed their 
vessels and batteries. The town was pillaged and set on 
fire. 
After witnessing the destruction of Galaxidi, Ipsilanti 
proceeded by forced marches towards the Isthmus: on the 
2d he slept at Akrata, and on the next night, at Hylocastro. 
The wind having changed to the east, the Turkish fleet 
stood down the gulph again in its way to Patrass, and under 
a press of sail. All immediate cause of apprehension being 
thus removed, the prince went on to Basilico, on the 4th, 
and halted there for some days, amidst the ruins of the 
ancient Sycion. 
Having halted a day or two at Argos, and visited the 
posts round Napoli de Romania, Demetrius made his entry 
into the capital of the Morea on the 15th of October, amidst 
very great demonstrations of joy, and attended by a large 
body of troops who went out to meet him. Nothing could 
be more deplorable than the appearance of the town : not 
a single door lock, and scarcely a nail was left—the Mai- 
notes having carried off every thing of that description. 
The plunder was taken home on the backs of their wives, 
who came down in great numbers for this purpose from 
their native fortresses. When every other portable article 
was gone, peasants were seen driving avray their asses loaded 
with doors and window shutters. Complaints were heard 
on every side, and while some wished to conceal their gains, 
others murmured loudly at being defrauded of a fair portion. 
Ipsilanti’s first object was to put an end to the great con¬ 
fusion that prevailed. He certainly succeeded in restoring 
some degree of order, but this was chiefly owing to the 
breaking up of the army, which gradually dispersed and 
melted away, carrying into the farthest corners of the Pelo¬ 
ponnesus, those discontents and heartburnings, the seeds of 
which were sown at the sacking of Tripolizza. There now 
remained only the regular troops, consisting of one battalion 
of infantry and a company of artillery, with the retinue of 
some captains; a force scarcely sufficient to guard the 
Turkish prisoners. Perceiving that his plans of amelioration 
were opposed with scarcely less pertinacity than before, and 
his influence every day declining, Ipsilanti resolved to submit 
all the disputed points to a national congress, which was 
summoned to meet at Tripolizza. But a contagious disease 
broke out there in the beginning of November. The as¬ 
sembly was therefore convoked at Argos, where the prince 
repaired to attend the deliberations. 
In the meanwhile, deputies arrived from different parts of 
Greece charged to demand succours from the government of 
the Peloponnesus, and to give an account of what was 
passing in their respective districts. 
The news from Macedonia excited most attention, as the 
campaign there did not, as yet, wear a hopeless aspect. 
Allusion has already been made to the insurrection at Sa- 
lonica, and the retreat of the Greeks into the Peninsula of 
Cassandra, where they threw up entrenchments, and cut a 
ditch across the Isthmus. The adjacent promontories of 
Torone and Mount Athos were also in a state of revolt, and 
each contained several thousand armed men. 
During the summer and autumn, the Macedonian Turks 
sent two expeditions against the entrenchments of Cassandra, 
and were twice repulsed. On the second occasion, the 
Christians by a vigorous sally possessed themselves of nine 
pieces of heavy artillery. They were, however, much dis¬ 
tressed for want of grain and ammunition, having received 
only some scanty supplies from the Hydriots, and therefore 
demanded assistance from the Peloponnesians. It happened 
most unfortunately, that while the affair was in agitation, 
the new Pacha of Salon ica, who had brought up an over¬ 
whelming force, succeeded completely in a fresh attack. 
Cassandra was taken by storm on the 12th of November, 
and its garrison put to the sword, as a matter of course. 
Soon after this event, Mount Athos capitulated. 
A deputation from Mount Olympus reached Tripolizza 
about the middle of October, stating that seven thousand 
Macedonians were prepared to rise in the southern parts of 
that country, and demanding cannon, gunpowder and 
officers. Two six inch mortars were given to them, but 
scarcely had these pieces been landed at Ekatarina, than 
