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Calixtus III., by Sixtus IV.; and after having been almost 
entirely destroyed by the army of Charles V., it was not only 
restored to its former state by Sixtus V., but greatly enriched 
with books and manuscripts. It was finally fixed in the 
Vatican, under the pontificate of Martin V. 
VATICANO, a cape on the west coast of Calabria Ultra. 
Lat. 38. 40. N. long. 16. 52. E. 
VA'TICIDE, s. [votes and cwdo, Latin.] A murderer 
of prophets.—-The caitiff vaticide conceiv'd a prayer. 
Pope. 
VATI'CINAL, adj. [vaticinans, Latin ] Containing 
predictions.'—He has left vaticinal rhymes, in which he 
predicted the union of Scotland with England. Warton. 
To VATI'CINATE, v. n. \yaticinor, Latin.] To pro¬ 
phecy; to practise prediction.—The most admred of all 
prophane prophets, whose predictions have been so 
much cried up, did ■vaticinate here. Howell . 
VATICINATION, s. [vaticination, old French; vati- 
cinatio, Latin.] Prediction ; prophecy.—Unless we dare 
ascribe to the tyrant a spirit of vaticination, we cannot 
acquit the author of the letters of so manifest a cheat. 
Pent lei/. 
VATISA, or Fatsa, a small seaport of Asia Minor, in the 
Black sea, at the west end of a fine bay ; 10 miles south-east 
of Unieh. 
VATTIER (Peter), an Arabic scholar, was born at 
Lizieux, in Normandy, and having been educated for the 
medical profession, was appointed physician and counsellor 
to Gaston, duke of Orleans, brother of Lewis XIII. To an 
extensive acquaintance with the ancient naturalists and 
physicians, both Greek and Latin, he added a peculiar 
attachment to Arabic writers, and translated many of their 
works. Among these are “ The Mahometan History, or the 
Forty-nine Caliphs of Elmacin; ” “ The History of the 
Great Tamerlane, from the Arabic of Achamed, Son of Gue- 
raspo; ” “ The Egypt of Murtadi; ” “ The Elegy of Tograi, 
with some Sentences from the Arabian Poets,” &c. He also 
wrote a work, entitled “ NouvellesPensees stir la Nature des 
Passions," 1659, 4to. The time of his death is not known. 
Moreri. 
VAVAGO, or Vavod, one of the Friendly islands, in the 
South Pacific ocean ; it has the advantage of a plentiful 
supply of water, with a good harbour. Lat. of the western 
point, 18. 34. S. 
VAVASOR, Valvasor, Vavasour, or Valvasour, 
in our ancient customs, a diminutive of vassal, or vassour ; 
signifyinga vassal of a vassal, or one who held a fee of 
another vassal. 
VAVA'SOUR, s. [vavasseur, French.] One who him¬ 
self holding of a superior lord, has others holding under 
him.—Names have been taken of civil honours, as king, 
knight, valvasor, or vavasor, squire. Camden. 
VAUBAN (Sebastian le Prestre), Seigneur de, marshal of 
France, and an eminent engineer, was born in 1633, and 
began to bear arms at the age of seventeen, under the prince 
of Conde, general of the Spanish army. During the war 
in 1667, he conducted several sieges, at which Lewis XIV. 
attended in person, and commissioned to fortify several 
places, and in 1668, he was nominated governor of the 
citadel of Lille, which he had constructed. Upon the 
whole, he fortified one hundred old places, constructed 
thirty-three new fortresses, and had the principal direction of 
fifty-three sieges. In recompence of his various exertions 
he was advanced to several posts of honour, and in 1703 
appointed marshal of France. At Dunkirk, whither he was 
sent in a state of great alarm, he died of a fluxion in his 
lungs, in March 1707, at the age of seventy-four years. He 
composed twelve large MS. volumes, which he modestly 
denominated “ Mes Oisivates;” and Fontenelle observes of 
him in relation to these, that if all his projects could be 
executed, his “ idleness” would be more useful than his 
labours. The following works were also either written by 
himself, or in consequence of ideas which he suggested: 
viz. “ Maniere de Fortifier, par M. de Vauban, mise en 
Vol. XXIV. No. 1640. 
ordre par le Chevalier de Cambrai,” Amst. 1689 and 1692. 
A work printed at Paris under the title of “ L’lngenieur Fran¬ 
cois,” with notes by Herbert, professor of Mathematics; and 
afterwards with notes by the Abbe duFay; “Nouveau Traite 
de l’Attaque et de la Defence de Places suivant le Systeme de 
M. de Vauban, par M. Desprez de Saint-Sevin,” Paris 1736 ; 
“ Essais sur la Fortification, par M. de Vauban,” Paris, 
1740; “ Project d’un Dime Royale,” Rouen 1707, often re¬ 
printed. This last work is attributed by Voltaire to Bois- 
Guillebert. Moreri. 
VAUBECOURT, a small town in the north-east of France, 
department of the Meuse, on the Aisne; 12 miles north of Bar. 
VAUCI.USE, a department in the south-east of France, in 
Provence, bounded on the south by the department of the 
Mouths of the Rhone. Its extent, small for a French de¬ 
partment, but similar to that of one of the larger counties of 
Britain, is about 1400 square miles; its population about 
210,000. Its surface in the north-east is mountainous, being 
traversed by branches of the Alps. It is divided into four 
arrondissements, viz. Avignon, the capital, Orange, Carpen- 
tras, and Apt. A remarkable fountain gives name to the 
department of the Vaucluse. It issues from an immense 
cavern, overhung and surrounded by huge rocks and moun¬ 
tains, and is remarkable chiefly for the quantity of water 
discharged, which forms at once a river, the Sorgues, capa¬ 
ble of driving mills and bearing boats. In summer, and 
during dry seasons, the waters of the fountain issue tran¬ 
quilly from the cavern by subterranneous channels; but in 
spring, and after heavy falls of rain, they overflow the basin, 
and precipitate themselves among the rocks in a number of 
cascades. The water is pure and limpid. This fountain is 
celebrated for the ill fated loves of Petrarch and Laura, whose 
residence was in the vicinity. The village of Vaucluse is a 
miserable place. 
VAUCOULEURS, a small town in the north-east of 
France, department of the Meuse, situated on the declivity of 
a hill on the river Meuse; 14 miles south-east of Commercy. 
VAUD, Pays de, a canton in the west of Switzerland, 
bounded on the west by France, on the south by the lake of 
Geneva, while on the north it includes part of the lake of 
Neufchatel. Its superficial extent is nearly 1500 square 
miles, equal to one of the larger counties of Britain ; and its 
population is about 150,000. It is in general less mountain¬ 
ous than other parts of Switzerland, consisting of beautiful 
valleys and plains, intersected by small cultivated hills. 
The inhabitants of the Pays de Vaud are strict Calvinists, 
and remarkable for the careful education given to their youth. 
Geneva is in its vicinity; and its chief town, Lausanne, is a 
seminary for theological study. At another of its towns, 
Yverdun, is the well known institution of Pestalozzi. 
VAUDEMONT, a small towm in the north-east of France, 
department of the Meurthe, situated in a fertile country. 
Roman antiquities are occasionally found here; 22 miles 
south-south-west of Nancy. 
VA'UDEVIL, s. [ vaudeville , French.] A song com¬ 
mon among the vulgar, and sung about the streets. Trevoux. 
A ballad; a trivial strain. The French vaudeville is now ap¬ 
plied to short dramatic pieces. 
VAUDREUIL, a seigniory of Lower Canada, in tiie dis¬ 
trict of Montreal, situated on the south side of the Ottawa river. 
VAUGENRAY, a small town in the east of France, de¬ 
partment of the Rhone; 9 miles south-west of Lyons. 
VAUGHAN, a township of Upper Canada, in the county 
of York. 
VAUGIRARD, a small town of France, about 3 miles from 
Paris. 
VAUJOUR, a small town and district in the north-east of 
France, in the department of the Seine and Marne, between 
Paris and Meaux. 
VAULDE, a village of England, in the county of Here¬ 
ford ; 5^ miles north-north-east of Hereford. 
VAULRY, a town in the central part of France, depart¬ 
ment of the Creuse, with 2300 inhabitants; 7 miles north¬ 
west of Gueret. 
3 P 
VAULT, 
