378 V I 
VICHADA, a large and rapid river of New Granada, 
which flows down the mountains of Bogota, runs east 
through the plains of Cazanare, and enters the Orinoco. 
VICHI, a river of Quito, in the province of Atacames or 
Esmeraldas. It runs north, and enters the Guaillabamba, 
before the latter reaches the Pacific ocean. 
VICHOTNA , a village of Hungary; 25 miles west-by¬ 
south of Kesmark. 
VICHTACH, a town of Bavaria; 36 miles east of Ra- 
tisbon. 
VICHUQUEN, a settlement of Chili, in the province of 
Maule. 
VICHY, a small town of France, near the right bank of 
the Allier ; 14 miles south-west of La Palisse. 
VICIA [of Pliny, Virgil, &c.], in Botany, a genus of 
the class diadelphia, order decandria, natural order of papi- 
lionacese or leguminossc.—Generic Character. Calyx: pe¬ 
rianth one-leafed, tubular, erect, half-five-cleft, acute; upper 
teeth shorter, converging, all of equal breadth. Corolla 
papilionaceous. Banner oval, with a broad oblong claw, at 
the tip emarginate with a point, bent back at the sides, with 
a longitudinal compressed raised line. Wings two, oblong, 
erect, half-cordate, with an oblong claw; shorter than the 
banner. Keel with an oblong two-parted claw, the belly 
compressed, semiorbicular; shorter than the wings. Sta¬ 
mina: filaments diadelphous, single and nine-cleft. An¬ 
thers erect, roundish, four-grooved. A nectareous gland 
springs from the receptacle between the compound stamen 
and the germ, short, acuminate. Pistil: germ linear, com¬ 
pressed, long. Style filiform, shorter, ascending at an erect 
angle. Stigma obtuse, transversely bearded below the tip. 
Pericarp: legume long, coriaceous, one-celled, two-valved, 
terminated by a point. Seeds several, roundish. —Essential 
Character. Stigma transversely bearded on the lower side. 
I.—With elongated peduncles. 
1. Vicia pisiformis, or pale-flowered vetch.—Peduncles 
many-flowered; petioles many-leaved; leaflets ovate; the 
lower sessile.—Native of Germany and Austria. 
2. Vicia dumetorum, or great wood vetch.—Peduncles 
many-flowered; leaflets bent back, ovate, mucronate; sti¬ 
pules somewhat toothed.—Native of France, Germany, 
Austria, Switzerland, Piedmont and Siberia. 
3. Vicia sylvatica, or common wood vetch.—Peduncles 
many-flowered ; leaflets elliptic ; stipules crescent-shaped, 
toothed. Stems numerous, and so much branched as to choak 
whatever they grow near. This vetch was long supposed 
peculiar to the mountainous parts of England, Scotland and 
Wales.—It is found in most parts of Europe, from Sweden and 
Denmark to the South of France and Italy; also in Siberia. 
4. Vicia cassubica, or cassubian vetch.—Peduncles about 
six-flowered; leaflets ten, ovate, acute; stipules entire. Root 
woody, creeping.—Native of Denmark, Germany, Austria, 
the South of France, &c. 
5. Vicia cracca, or tufted vetch.—Peduncles many-flow¬ 
ered; flowers imbricate ; leaflets lanceolate, pubescent; sti¬ 
pules semisagittate, mostly entire. Root perennial, creeping. 
Stems two, three or four feet high, and even more when 
climbing on bushes.—Native of Europe and Barbary. Com¬ 
mon with us in hedges and among bushes, especially in a 
black boggy soil on a gravelly bottom, about osier-grounds. 
6. Vicia onobrychoides.—Peduncles many-flowered; 
flowers distant; leaflets linear; stipules toothlelted at bottom. 
Flowers a little larger than in the European plant.—Native 
of France, Switzerland, Piedmont and Mount Atlas. 
7. Vicia nissoliana, or red-flowered vetch.—Peduncles 
many-flowered; leaflets oblong; stipules entire ; legumes 
villose, ovate-oblong. Root annual.—Native of the Levant. 
8. Vicia biennis, or biennial vetch.—Peduncles many- 
flowered ; petioles grooved; having about twelve leaflets, 
which are lanceolate and smooth. Root biennial.—Native 
of Siberia. 
9. Vicia altissima, or tall vetch.—Stipules toothed; leaflets 
elliptic, truncate, very smooth ; flowers racemed ; peduncles 
longer than the petiole. The whole plant very smooth.— 
Native of Barbary, in hedges near Arzeau. 
CIA. 
10. Vicia benghalensis.—Peduncles many-flowered; leaf¬ 
lets quite entire; stipules entire; legumes nearly erect. Root 
annual.—First found on the Hieres islands, off the coast of 
France. 
11. Vicia atropurpurea.—Leaflets linear-lanceolate; ra¬ 
cemes many-flowered, directed one way; calyxes extremely 
villose, with bristle-shaped teeth; legumes ovate-oblong, 
drooping, very hirsute. Annual.—Found near Algiers. 
12. Vicia canescens, or hoary vetch.—Peduncles many- 
flowered ; upper leaves subcirrhose; stipules semisagittate, 
entire; leaflets oval-oblong, hoary. Annual.—Native of 
Mount Libanus, towards the top. 
II.—Flowers axillary, subsessile. 
13. Vicia sativa, common vetch or tare.—Legumes ses¬ 
sile, subbinate, nearly erect; lower leaves retuse; stipules 
toothed, marked ; seeds smooth and even. Root annual.'— 
Native of Europe, Barbary and Japan, in pastures and corn¬ 
fields. A variety is not uncommon in hedges among bushes 
and grass, in a barren sandy soil. 
Spring tares with oats sown early in March, and cut green 
for horses in July, are good for cleaning light land, and pre¬ 
paring it for wheat or rye. 
Winter tares sown with a little rye in autumn for soiling, 
give time to destroy weeds by tillage till autumn: or they 
may produce a second crop ; turneps if it be designed for 
spring corn; but the land should be manured for the tares if 
it be not very rich. 
14. Vicia lathyroides, or little spring vetch.—Legumes 
sessile, solitary, erect, smooth ; leaflets six; the lower ones 
obcordate; seeds cubic, warty. Root annual. Sometimes 
it has tendrils, Stems procumbent, divaricating, numerous. 
These, with the leaves and stipules slightly hairy. Leaflets 
two or three pairs, opposite obcordate, but towards the top 
of the plant sometimes lanceolate and narrowed. Stipules 
semisagittate, mostly quite entire, rarely if ever spotted. 
Flowers subsessile, solitary, small, blueish-purple. Legumes 
erect, very smooth, containing several cubic seeds, rugged 
with minute tubercles. It is very distinct from the varieties of 
the preceding, by its smooth even pods, tubercled seeds, sim¬ 
ple tendrils commonly very short and in a manner abortive, 
and not more leaflets than six. No British plant has been less 
understood than this vicia. It is found on dry grassy banks, 
and in fallow-fields on a gravelly soil, flowering early in 
May, and scarcely to be met with after the month of June.— 
Native of Denmark and Norway, France and Britain. 
15. Vicia lutea, or rough-podded yellow vetch.—Legumes 
sessile, reflexed, hairy, solitary, five-seeded; banner of the 
corolla smooth.—Native of several other parts of Europe, the 
Levant, and about Algiers. 
16. Vicia hybrida, or hairy-flowered yellow vetch.—Le¬ 
gumes sessile, solitary, reflexed, hairy; banner villose; leaf¬ 
lets emarginate. Root perennial.—Native of France, Pied¬ 
mont and Barbary. 
17. Vicia laevigata, or smooth-podded sea vetch.— 
Legumes sessile, solitary, reflexed, smooth; stem nearly 
upright; leaves very smooth. Root perennial.—Gathered 
on the beach at Weymouth. 
18. Vicia peregrina, or broad podded vetch.—Legumes 
subsessile, pendulous, smooth, four-seeded; leaflets linear, 
emarginate. Root perennial.—Native of France andPiedmon. 
19. Vicia sepiurn, or bush vetch.—Legumes pedicelled, 
mostly four together, erect, smooth; leaflets ovate, obtuse; 
the outer ones smaller. Root perennial.—-Native of Europe, 
in woods, hedges and bushy pastures; flowering in May and 
June. 
20. Vicia Bithynica, or rough-podded purple vetch.— 
Legumes peduncled, solitary, erect, rugged; leaflets two- 
paired, elliptic-lanceolate; stipules toothed. Root perennial, 
branched.—Native of the county of Nice, Italy, Bavaria and 
England. It flowers in July and August. 
21. Vicia narbonensis, or broad-leaved vetch.—Legumes 
subsessile, about three together, erect; leaflets six, subovate; 
stipules, toothletted. Root annual.—Native of France and 
Barbary near Algiers among corn. 
22. Vicia 
