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are attributed a work “ Concerning the Imperial Authority,” 
and a book “ On Consolation,” in imitation of that of Boe¬ 
thius. He also composed some Italian poems. Gen. Biog. 
VIGNE'TTE, s. [French.] A picture of leaves and 
flowers; a kind of flourish of leaves and flowers. Cotgrave 
writes our word vignet. 
VIGNIER (Nicholas), an historian and chronologist, was 
born at Bar-sur-Seine in J530, and brought up a Protestant. 
Having lost his property in the civil wars, he withdrew to 
Germany, and practised physic with reputation and advan¬ 
tage. Upon his return to France, he conformed to the es¬ 
tablished religion, and was appointed physician to the king, 
as well as historiographer-royal. One of the most curious 
of his works is his “ Traite de l’Origine et Demeure des 
anciens Francois,” 1582, 4to., which was translated into 
Latin by Andrew du Chesne. His other works may be 
consulted with advantage by those who wish to acquaint 
themselves with French history. This writer died in 1595. 
Moreri. 
VIGNOLA, a name commonly given to James Barozzj, 
from the place of his birth, a small town in the duchy of 
Modena, an eminent architect, was born in 1507. He was 
at Rome in 1550, and built several churches there; and by 
the interest of Vassari, pope Julius III. appointed him his 
architect. For him he built a villa, and near it the small 
church of St. Andrew, inform of an ancient temple; and 
by his command he brought the Acqua Vergine to Rome. 
After the death of Julius, he was employed by cardinal 
Alexander Farnese in the construction of his magnificent 
palace or castle of Caprarola; and he had also the charge 
of building the church belonging to the professed house of 
Jesuits at Rome, which is an edifice of extraordinary beauty 
and grandeur. It was raised only to the cornice before the 
death of Vignola, and finished by his disciple James della 
Porta. After the decease of Michael Angelo, Vignola was 
appointed to succeed him as architect of St. Peter’s, in con¬ 
junction with Pirro Ligorio, a Neapolitan. He died in 
1573, aged 66. His “ Rules for the five Orders of Archi¬ 
tecture” were formed on the purest taste of Antiquity, and 
have been always reckoned classical and original. This 
work has been often reprinted, and translated into almost all 
the European languages. The French translation, with the 
commentaries of Daviler is most esteemed. Vignola also 
wrote a treatise on “ Practical Perspective,” which has passed 
through many editions. Tiraboschi. D'Argenville. Gen. 
Biog. 
VIGNOLA, a small town of Italy, in the duchy of Mo¬ 
dena, on the Panaro ; 15 miles west-by-south of Bologna. 
VIGNORY, a town of France, in Champagne, situated 
on the Marne. Population 1000; 14 miles north of Chau- 
mont. 
VIGNOT, a town of France, situated near the Meuse. 
Population 800. 
VIGO (Giovanni da), an eminent surgeon, born in Genoa, 
and in 1503 invited to Rome by Pope Julius II., to be his 
first surgeon. His work entitled “ Practica in Arte Chirur- 
gica copiosa,” first published at Rome in 1514, folio, be¬ 
came very popular, and was often reprinted. It is a very 
full compendium of the art of surgery (as then known and 
practised), and contains also a system of anatomy and of 
materia medica, and was long regarded as a standard work. 
Another of his works, entitled “ Chirurgia Compendiosa,” 
1517, is a kind of summary of the former, with some new 
observations. Haller. Eloy. 
VIGO, a town of Spain, in Galicia, on the Atlantic. It 
is situated on a small gulf or bay, and has one of the largest, 
deepest, and safest harbours in the kingdom; 76 miles south- 
by-west of Corunna. Lat. 42. 13. 20. N. long. 8. 33. 
30. W. 
VIGONA, an inland town of Italy, in Piedmont. It has 
several churches, and a hospital. Population 5300; 12 miles 
east-by-south of Pignerolo. 
VFGOROUS, adj. [vigerous , old French; vigour eux, 
mod. from vigour.'] Forcible; not weakened; full of 
Strength and life. 
Vol. XXIV. No. 1644. 
Fam’d for his valour young; 
At sea successful, vigorous and strong ? Waller. 
VTGOROUSLY, adv. With force; forcibly; without 
weakness. 
The prince had two giant ships; 
With his one so vigorously he press’d. 
And flew so home, they could not rise again. Dryden. 
VI'GOROUSNESS, s. Force; strength.—He hath given 
excellent sufferance and vigorousness to the sufferers, arming 
them with strange courage, heroical fortitude, invincible re¬ 
solution, and glorious patience. Bp. Taylor. 
VI'GOUR, s. \vigour , old French; vigor, Lat.] Force; 
strength. 
The vigour of this arm was never vain: 
Witness these heaps of slaughter. Dryden. 
Mental force; intellectual ability. Energy; efficacy. 
In the fruitful earth 
His beams, unaclive else, their vigour find, Milton. 
VIHIERS, a town of France, department of the Maine 
and Loire; 22 miles west-by-south of Saumur. 
VILAGOS, a market town of Hungary, in the county 
of Sarand. , 
VILAINE, a considerable river of France, which falls 
into the Atlantic, below Roche Bernard, after a course of 
140 miles. 
VILBEL, a town of Germany, belonging in common to 
Hesse-Cassel and Ilesse-Darmstadt. Population 1100; 4 
miles north of Frankfort on the Maine. 
VILCABAMBA, a river of Peru, in the province of Calca 
and Lares, which rises north of the town of Victoria, and falls 
into the Paucartambo. 
VILCABAMBA, a settlement of Peru, in the province of 
Cotabamba.—2. Of Calca and Lares.—3. Of Anguraes.— 
4. Of Quito in the province of Loxa.—5. Of Tarma in the 
province of Peru. 
VILCAMAYO, Urubamba, or Quillabamba, a large 
river of Peru, which rises in the province of Lampa, to the 
west of the capital. It throws itself into the Apurimac, at 
about lat. 12. 30. S. 
VILCAS-GUAMAN, or Huaman, a district of Peru, 
south-east of Guamanga, beginning 6 or 7 leagues from that 
city, and extending about 30 leagues. Its temperature 
throughout a great part of it is mild and very healthy, 
although in the low parts bordering upon the river, very hot. 
In these parts grow sugar-canes, plantains, and other fruits 
and herbage; also cotton. 
VILCAS-GUAMANj the capital of the above province, 
in which is a church, built on the ruins of a Peruvian fortress. 
VILCAS, a river of the same province, which rises in the 
mountains of the Andes, in lat. 14. 17. S., runs north-east, 
and after collecting the waters of many other rivers, and 
often changing its name, enters by the south part into the 
Maranon or Amazons. 
VILE, adj. [vil, Fr.; vilis, Lat.] Base; mean; worthless; 
sordid; despicable. 
He to-day that sheds his blood with me, 
Shall be my brother; be he ne’er so vile. 
This day shall gentle his condition. Shakspeare. 
Morally impure; wicked. 
Restor’d by thee, vile as I am, to place 
Of new acceptance. Milton, 
VILD, or VTled, adj. [from vile, whence revile.] Vile; 
wicked.—The vassal of his pleasures vilde. Spenser. 
VI'LELY, adv. Basely; meanly; shamefully. — The 
Volscians vilely yielded the town. Shakspeare. 
VFLENESS, s. Baseness; meanness; despicableness. 
His vileness us shall never awe: 
But here our sports shall be: 
Such as the golden world first saw, 
Most innocent and free. Drayton. 
Moral or intellectual baseness, 
4 D 
Then ; 
